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English version At all times, one should generate a compassionate heart to protect life, property, the country, and the people from fear. Why should I accept the false views that are being taught? The wise should observe what the non-Buddhists say: that all things are created by Mahesvara (the Great Lord, a Hindu deity considered the creator and ruler of the universe). If they are created by Mahesvara, then why should I cultivate good deeds? Or they say: jumping into a ravine, throwing oneself into fire, or starving oneself to death will lead to liberation from suffering. But these are the causes of suffering, so how can they be said to lead to liberation from suffering? All sentient beings create good or bad karma, and based on these karmic connections, they experience the corresponding results. Others say: all things are caused by seasons, constellations, and Mahesvara. How can I accept such false teachings? The karma I create now, and I also experience the results of the karma I created in the past. The wise clearly understand that these are the results of karma; how can they say that they are caused by seasons, constellations, and Mahesvara? If suffering and happiness are experienced due to seasons and constellations, then there are many people in the world who are born at the same time and under the same constellations, so why does one person suffer while another enjoys happiness, one is male while another is female? Devas (gods) and Asuras (a race of warring deities) are sometimes born at the same time and under the same constellations, sometimes the Devas are victorious and the Asuras are defeated, and sometimes the Asuras are victorious and the Devas are defeated; also, there are kings who are born at the same time and under the same constellations who rule together, one loses his kingdom while the other preserves his territory. The non-Buddhists also say: if there are bad years or bad constellations, one should teach sentient beings to cultivate good deeds to avert them. If they are caused by years and constellations, how can they be eliminated by cultivating good deeds? Because of these reasons, how can the wise accept the false and erroneous teachings of the non-Buddhists? 'Good man! All sentient beings follow their karmic actions. If they cultivate right views, they will experience peace and happiness. If they cultivate wrong views, they will experience great suffering. By cultivating good deeds, one attains great freedom. Having attained freedom, sentient beings will draw near to you. Then, explain to them the causes and conditions of good deeds, for it is through the causes and conditions of good deeds that one attains freedom. All sentient beings experience peace and happiness because of the causes and conditions of cultivating good deeds, not because of years and constellations. Good man! Ajatasattu (King Ajatasattu of Magadha, who imprisoned his father King Bimbisara) and Devadatta (a cousin of Shakyamuni Buddha and a prominent antagonist in Buddhism) fell into hell because of the causes and conditions of creating evil karma, not because of years and constellations.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
也！郁头蓝弗邪见因缘，未来当堕大地狱中。 “善男子！一切善法，欲为根本，是欲因缘，得三菩提及解脱果。入出家法，破大恶业及诸有业，能受持戒，亲近诸佛，能一切舍施于乞者，能作定性坏恶果报，灭大恶罪，得决定聚，离于三障，善能修集坏烦恼道。是欲因缘，能受三归，因三归已即能受戒，既受戒已行见、修道，过于声闻。若有畏于师子、虎、狼、恶兽等类，归依于佛，尚得解脱，况发善心求出世者不得解脱？阿那邠坻教告家内在胎之子，悉受归依，是胎中子实不成就。何以故？是法要当口自宣说；虽不成就，亦能护之。 “善男子！诸外道说：一切世间皆是自在天之所作；亦复说言：未来之世过百劫已，当有幻出，所言幻者，即是佛也。若自在天能作佛者，是佛云何能破归依自在天仪？若自在天不能作佛，云何说言一切皆是自在天作？外道复说：大梵天王、大自在天、毗纽天主、悉皆是一，复说生处各各别异。自在天者，名自在天，名常，名主，名有，名曰律陀，名曰尸婆，是一一名，各有异事，亦求解脱亦即解脱。是义不然！何以故？若自在天能生众生，造作诸有，作善恶业及业果报，作贪、瞋、痴系缚众生；复言众生得解脱时，悉入身中，是故解脱是无常法。是义不然！何以故？若 现代汉语译本： 唉！郁头蓝弗（Uddaka Rāmaputta，一位哲学家）因为邪见的缘故，未来将会堕入大地狱中。 ‘善男子！一切善法，以欲望为根本。因为欲望的缘故，能够获得三菩提（saṃbodhi，正等觉）以及解脱的果报。进入出家之法，能够破除巨大的恶业以及各种有漏之业，能够受持戒律，亲近诸佛，能够一切施舍给予乞讨者，能够使业果成为定性，从而坏灭恶果报，消灭巨大的恶罪，得到决定聚（必定证悟涅槃的群体），远离三种障碍，善于修集坏灭烦恼的道路。因为欲望的缘故，能够受持三归依（皈依佛、法、僧），因为三归依的缘故就能受戒，受戒之后就能修行见道和修道，超过声闻乘。如果有人畏惧狮子、老虎、狼、恶兽等，归依佛陀，尚且能够得到解脱，更何况是发善心求出世的人不能得到解脱呢？阿那邠坻（Anāthapiṇḍika，给孤独长者）教导家中的孕妇，使她腹中的胎儿也受三归依，但这胎中的孩子实际上并不能成就（三归依）。为什么呢？因为这个法要应当口亲自宣说；即使不能成就，也能保护他。’ ‘善男子！那些外道说：一切世间都是自在天（Īśvara，印度教主神湿婆的别称）所创造的；他们还说：未来经过一百劫之后，将会出现幻化之佛，所说的幻化之佛，就是佛陀。如果自在天能够创造佛陀，那么佛陀又怎么能够破除归依自在天的仪式呢？如果自在天不能创造佛陀，又怎么能说一切都是自在天所创造的呢？外道又说：大梵天王（Mahābrahmā）、大自在天、毗纽天主（Viṣṇu），实际上都是同一个，只是出生的处所各不相同。自在天，名为自在天，名为常，名为主，名为有，名为律陀（Rudra，湿婆的别称），名为尸婆（Śiva），这每一个名字，都有不同的事迹，也求解脱，也能够解脱。这种说法是不对的！为什么呢？如果自在天能够创造众生，造作各种有，造作善恶之业以及业的果报，造作贪、瞋、痴来系缚众生；又说众生得到解脱的时候，全部进入自在天的身体中，因此解脱就是无常之法。这种说法是不对的！为什么呢？如果’
English
English version: Alas! Uddaka Rāmaputta, due to his heretical views, will fall into the great hell in the future. 'Good man! All good dharmas have desire as their root. It is because of desire that one can attain the three Bodhis (saṃbodhi, perfect enlightenment) and the fruit of liberation. Entering the Dharma of renunciation can destroy great evil karma and all karmas of existence, enable one to uphold precepts, draw near to all Buddhas, be able to give everything away to beggars, make karmic results fixed, thereby destroying evil retributions, eliminating great evil sins, attaining the determined group (those certain to attain Nirvana), being free from the three obstacles, and skillfully cultivating the path to destroy afflictions. It is because of desire that one can take the Three Refuges (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), and because of the Three Refuges, one can take precepts. Having taken precepts, one can practice the paths of seeing and cultivation, surpassing the Śrāvakas (hearers). If someone fears lions, tigers, wolves, evil beasts, etc., and takes refuge in the Buddha, they can still attain liberation, how much more so those who generate good intentions and seek to transcend the world? Anāthapiṇḍika taught his pregnant household members to take refuge, so that the child in the womb also took refuge, but this child in the womb actually cannot accomplish (the Three Refuges). Why? Because this Dharma essence should be personally proclaimed by mouth; even if it is not accomplished, it can still protect him.' 'Good man! Those heretics say: all the world is created by Īśvara (Shiva, a major Hindu deity); they also say: in the future, after a hundred kalpas, there will be a phantom Buddha, and the so-called phantom Buddha is the Buddha. If Īśvara can create the Buddha, then how can the Buddha break the rituals of taking refuge in Īśvara? If Īśvara cannot create the Buddha, how can it be said that everything is created by Īśvara? The heretics also say: Mahābrahmā, Īśvara, and Viṣṇu are actually the same, only their places of birth are different. Īśvara, named Īśvara, named Eternal, named Lord, named Being, named Rudra (another name for Shiva), named Śiva, each of these names has different deeds, also seeks liberation, and can also be liberated. This is not right! Why? If Īśvara can create sentient beings, create all existences, create good and evil karma and the retributions of karma, create greed, hatred, and delusion to bind sentient beings; and also say that when sentient beings attain liberation, they all enter the body of Īśvara, therefore liberation is impermanent. This is not right! Why? If' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
无常者，云何得名为解脱也？如婆罗门子还得寿命，是故不得名自在天。是三种天亦不得一。何以故？阿周那人毗纽大天为作解脱，以是义故亦不得一。若言解脱是无常者，当知即幻，非佛名幻。若能了了正见真我，是名解脱。 “复有说言：见微尘者，是名解脱。复有说言：见性异我异，是名解脱。是义不然！何以故？若能修道见四真谛，是人乃得见性见我。若人能受三归依者，是人乃能真见四谛。是三归依，乃是一切无量善法，乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提之根本也。 “菩萨二种：一者、在家，二者、出家。出家菩萨净三归依，是不为难；在家修净，是乃为难。何以故？在家之人多恶因缘所缠绕故。” 优婆塞戒经八戒斋品第二十一 善生言：“世尊！若有人能受三归斋戒，是人当得何等果报？” “善男子！若人能受三归依者，当知是人所得福报不可穷尽！善男子！迦陵伽国有七宝藏，名宾伽罗，其国人民——大、小、男、女——于七日中、七月、七年，常以车乘、象、马、驼、驴担负持去，犹不能尽。若有至心受三归斋，是人所得功德果报，出胜彼藏所有宝物。善男子！毗提呵国有七宝藏，名半陆迦，其国人民——男、女、大、小——于七日中、七月、七年，常以车乘、象、马 现代汉语译本 问：如果解脱是无常的，怎么能称之为解脱呢？比如婆罗门之子还能复活，所以不能称为自在天。这三种天也不能算作唯一的真我。为什么呢？因为阿周那人认为毗纽大天（Vishnu，印度教三大主神之一，又称遍入天）能带来解脱，因此也不能算作唯一的真我。如果说解脱是无常的，那应该知道这只是幻象，但佛陀不被称为幻象。如果能够清楚地正确地认识真我，这才能叫做解脱。 又有人说：‘看见微尘的人，就叫做解脱。’还有人说：‘看见自性与我是不同的，就叫做解脱。’这些说法是不对的！为什么呢？如果能够修行正道，看见四真谛（Four Noble Truths，佛教的基本教义），这样的人才能看见自性与我。如果有人能够受持三归依（Three Refuges，皈依佛、法、僧），这样的人才能真正地看见四谛。这三归依，是一切无量善法，乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi，无上正等正觉）的根本。 菩萨有两种：一种是在家的，一种是出家的。出家的菩萨清净地受持三归依，这并不难；在家的菩萨清净地修持三归依，这才是难的。为什么呢？因为在家的人常常被各种恶劣的因缘所缠绕。 《优婆塞戒经·八戒斋品》第二十一 善生问：‘世尊！如果有人能够受持三归依和八戒斋，这个人会得到什么样的果报呢？’ 佛陀回答说：‘善男子！如果有人能够受持三归依，应该知道这个人所得到的福报是不可穷尽的！善男子！迦陵伽国（Kalinga，古代印度的一个地区）有七个宝藏，名叫宾伽罗（Pingala），这个国家的人民——无论大人、小孩、男人、女人——用车辆、大象、马、骆驼、驴子搬运这些宝藏，连续七天、七个月、七年，都不能搬完。如果有人至诚恳切地受持三归依和斋戒，这个人所得到的功德果报，胜过那个宝藏里所有的宝物。善男子！毗提呵国（Videha，古印度的一个国家）有七个宝藏，名叫半陆迦（Panluka），这个国家的人民——无论男人、女人、大人、小孩——用车辆、大象、马
English
English version Question: If impermanence is called liberation, how can it be named liberation? For example, the son of a Brahmin can still regain his life, so he cannot be called the Free Lord. These three kinds of heavens cannot be considered as one either. Why? Because the Arjuna people believe that Vishnu (Vishnu, one of the three major gods in Hinduism) can bring liberation, so he cannot be considered as one either. If it is said that liberation is impermanent, then know that it is just an illusion, but the Buddha is not called an illusion. If one can clearly and correctly see the true self, this is called liberation. Furthermore, some say: 'Seeing the subtle dust is called liberation.' Others say: 'Seeing that the nature is different from the self is called liberation.' These views are not correct! Why? If one can cultivate the path and see the Four Noble Truths (Four Noble Truths, the basic teachings of Buddhism), then that person can see the nature and the self. If a person can take refuge in the Three Refuges (Three Refuges, taking refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha), then that person can truly see the Four Truths. These Three Refuges are the root of all immeasurable good dharmas, even Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi (Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi, unsurpassed perfect enlightenment). There are two kinds of Bodhisattvas: one is a householder, and the other is a renunciate. It is not difficult for a renunciate Bodhisattva to purely uphold the Three Refuges; it is difficult for a householder to purely cultivate the Three Refuges. Why? Because householders are often entangled by various evil conditions. Upasaka Precept Sutra, Chapter 21: Eight Precepts and Fasting Shansheng asked: 'World Honored One! If someone can uphold the Three Refuges and the eight precepts and fasting, what kind of karmic reward will that person receive?' The Buddha replied: 'Good man! If someone can uphold the Three Refuges, know that the blessings that person receives are inexhaustible! Good man! In the country of Kalinga (Kalinga, an ancient region in India) there are seven treasures called Pingala, and the people of that country—whether old, young, male, or female—carry these treasures with carts, elephants, horses, camels, and donkeys for seven days, seven months, and seven years, but they still cannot exhaust them. If someone sincerely upholds the Three Refuges and fasting, the merit and karmic reward that person receives surpasses all the treasures in that treasure. Good man! In the country of Videha (Videha, an ancient country in India) there are seven treasures called Panluka, and the people of that country—whether male, female, old, or young—carry them with carts, elephants, and horses --------------------------------------------------------------------------------