Chinese
大正藏第 24 册 No. 1473 佛说沙弥十戒仪则经 No. 1473 佛说沙弥十戒仪则经(计七十二颂) 西天译经朝散大夫试鸿胪少卿传法大师臣施护奉 诏译 顶礼一切智， 妙法及圣众， 略说沙弥行， 令发出家心。 于彼释迦教， 坚持于禁戒， 持戒如护身， 防守勿令犯。 夜卧从早起， 净口及牙齿， 念诵至天明， 顶礼正等觉。 参近于师房， 以手轻击门， 入已问讯师， 身体安乐不？ 如是所作已， 复作曼拏罗， 供养而恭敬， 早晨观水内， 中后时亦然， 瓮器盂钵等。 水虫有大小， 志心恒观照， 以罗净滤水， 审观而可用。 食饮怀慈愍， 勿令杀害虫， 乃至草木上， 涂坛牛粪中， 如是受用时， 救护于含识。 或彼床座内， 田地粪土中， 一一子细观， 是名出家行。 一切承事师， 洗钵令清净， 依时三作礼， 合掌向师前。 问师何所食？ 作食治饥病， 如是若为食， 用前清净水， 以水灌手净， 如法默然食。 食已说二偈， 回向于信施， 如说而依行， 增长正念行。 信解净戒法， 现代汉语译本 顶礼一切智者（Sarvajna，指佛陀），以及微妙的佛法和圣贤僧众， 现在我将简略地讲述沙弥（Sramanera，佛教出家男众的最初阶段）的修行，使他们能够发起出离世俗之心。 对于释迦牟尼佛（Sakyamuni）的教法，要坚持遵守禁戒，持戒就像保护自身一样，严加防守，不要触犯。 夜晚安睡，早晨起来，清洁口和牙齿，念诵佛经直到天亮，然后顶礼觉悟的正等觉者（Sammasambuddha，指佛陀）。 前往师父的房间，用手轻轻敲门，进入后向师父问讯，询问师父身体是否安乐？ 像这样做好之后，再制作曼荼罗（Mandala，坛城），以恭敬心供养，早晨观察水里面，中午和下午也是一样，观察水瓮、水盂、水钵等。 仔细观察水中是否有大小虫类，用心观察，用滤水器（罗）干净地过滤水，仔细观察后才可以使用。 饮食时要怀有慈悲怜悯之心，不要杀害虫类，乃至草木上，涂抹的牛粪中，像这样受用时，要救护一切有情众生。 或者在床座内，田地粪土中，都要一一仔细观察，这叫做真正的出家修行。 一切承事师父，清洗钵具使其清净，依时三次顶礼，合掌面向师父。 请问师父需要什么食物？为了治疗饥饿的疾病而作食，像这样准备食物，使用之前清净的水，用水洗净双手，如法地默然进食。 进食完毕后，念诵两句偈颂，回向给信徒的布施，如所说的那样依教奉行，增长正念的修行。 深信理解清净的戒律。
English
English version I prostrate to the All-Knowing One (Sarvajna, referring to the Buddha), the wonderful Dharma, and the holy Sangha, Now I will briefly explain the practice of a Sramanera (novice monk), so that they may develop the mind of renunciation. Regarding the teachings of Sakyamuni (Buddha), firmly uphold the precepts, guarding them as you would guard your own body, preventing any transgression. Sleep at night and rise early in the morning, cleanse your mouth and teeth, recite scriptures until dawn, and then prostrate to the Fully Enlightened One (Sammasambuddha, referring to the Buddha). Go to the teacher's room, gently knock on the door with your hand, and after entering, greet the teacher, asking if the teacher is well and comfortable. After doing this, create a Mandala (sacred diagram), offering it with reverence. In the morning, observe the water, and also at noon and in the afternoon, observe the water pots, bowls, and so on. Carefully observe whether there are insects, large or small, in the water. Observe attentively, and use a water filter (strainer) to purify the water, carefully examining it before use. When eating and drinking, have a compassionate heart, do not kill insects, even on plants and in cow dung, when using these things, protect all sentient beings. Or inside the bed, in the fields, and in the soil, observe everything carefully, one by one. This is called true monastic practice. Serve the teacher in all ways, wash the alms bowl to make it clean, prostrate three times at the appropriate times, and face the teacher with palms together. Ask the teacher what food is needed. Prepare food to cure the illness of hunger. When preparing food in this way, use the previously purified water, wash your hands with water, and eat silently and according to the Dharma. After eating, recite two verses, dedicating the merit to the donors, practice according to what is said, and increase the practice of right mindfulness. Deeply believe and understand the pure precepts.
Chinese
依法而修持， 正观自相应， 出家心安乐。 若人自犯戒， 他见生轻毁， 二人皆得罪， 持者须一心。 持戒或破戒， 乃至病患人， 说法不当机， 他闻心不重， 命终得大苦。 若人行毒药， 及行咒法等， 令他得命终， 又复以种种， 方便而行杀， 如是破戒因， 永沈三恶道， 地狱鬼畜生， 如次受罪报。 及彼诸天辈， 若或亦杀生， 还堕恶趣中， 受彼诸恶报。 若有出家者， 恣用身口意， 误杀蝼蚁类， 于其三业中， 而得三种罪。 若人以拳棒， 土石及砖瓦， 打掷于有情， 驼骡禽兽等， 亦得破戒罪。 驼骡象马类， 而欲辄乘骑， 往来逼迫他， 亦得破戒罪。 若有出家者， 不得行偷盗， 若自若教他， 偷得于财物， 迦哩沙波拏， 四分中一分， 如是破戒因， 而成最重罪。 饮食谷米等， 花果草木类， 地生或水生， 而行于偷窃， 或偷官税利， 私过于关律， 及盗于有情， 二足与多足。 或彼出家人， 受用虽具足， 贪心复盗财， 俱获于重罪。 若自衣钵等， 被贼所劫盗， 勿得强取之， 说法方 现代汉语译本 依法修行，以正确的观念看待自身，出家修行才能内心安乐。 如果有人自己违犯戒律，他人见了会轻视和毁谤，违戒者和轻毁者二者都有罪过，所以持戒者必须一心一意。 无论是持戒、破戒，乃至生病的人，说法如果不契合听者的根机，他人听了也不会重视，这样命终后会遭受极大的痛苦。 如果有人使用毒药，或者施行诅咒等方法，使他人丧命，又或者用种种方便手段去杀人，这样的破戒行为，将永远沉沦于三恶道——地狱、饿鬼、畜生，依次承受罪报。 即使是诸天，如果也杀生，同样会堕入恶趣之中，承受各种恶报。 如果出家之人，放纵自己的身、口、意，不小心误杀了蝼蚁之类的生物，也会因为身、口、意三业而得到三种罪过。 如果有人用拳头、棍棒、土块、石头或砖瓦等，打掷有情众生，如骆驼、骡子、飞禽走兽等，也会犯下破戒之罪。 对于骆驼、骡子、大象、马匹等，如果想要随意骑乘，来回逼迫它们，也会犯下破戒之罪。 如果出家之人，不应该行偷盗之事，无论是自己偷盗还是教唆他人偷盗，偷盗财物，哪怕只是迦哩沙波拏（Karshapana）的四分之一，这样的破戒行为，也会构成最重的罪过。 偷盗饮食、谷米等，花卉、果实、草木等，无论是地上生长的还是水中生长的，或者偷盗官府的税收利益，私自越过关卡律令，以及偷盗有情众生的财物，无论是两足的还是多足的。 或者，有些出家人，即使受用已经很充足，但仍然贪心偷盗财物，这样也会一同获得重罪。 如果自己的衣钵等物，被盗贼抢劫偷盗，不要强行夺取回来，应该通过说法教化的方式。
English
English version Practicing according to the Dharma, observing oneself with correct mindfulness, the monastic life brings peace of mind. If someone violates the precepts, others will see and despise or slander them. Both the violator and the slanderer incur offenses, so those who uphold the precepts must be single-minded. Whether one upholds or breaks the precepts, or even if one is ill, if the Dharma is taught inappropriately to the audience, they will not value it, and upon death, one will suffer greatly. If someone uses poison or performs curses to cause another's death, or uses various means to kill, such violations of the precepts will cause one to sink forever into the three evil realms: hell, hungry ghosts, and animals, receiving karmic retribution accordingly. Even the gods, if they kill, will fall into evil realms and suffer evil consequences. If a monastic person indulges their body, speech, and mind, and accidentally kills ants or similar creatures, they will incur three kinds of offenses through their three karmas (body, speech, and mind). If someone uses fists, sticks, earth, stones, or bricks to strike sentient beings such as camels, mules, birds, or beasts, they also commit the offense of breaking the precepts. If one wants to ride camels, mules, elephants, or horses at will, oppressing them back and forth, one also commits the offense of breaking the precepts. If a monastic person should not engage in stealing, whether stealing themselves or instructing others to steal, stealing property, even just one-fourth of a Karshapana (迦哩沙波拏), such a violation of the precepts constitutes the most serious offense. Stealing food, grains, flowers, fruits, plants, whether growing on land or in water, or stealing government taxes and profits, secretly crossing customs regulations, and stealing the property of sentient beings, whether two-legged or many-legged. Or, if some monastic persons, even though their provisions are sufficient, still greedily steal property, they will both incur heavy offenses. If one's robes and bowl are robbed by thieves, do not forcibly take them back; one should use Dharma teachings to transform them.
Chinese
便化， 或复而回买， 不允随他意。 是名出家心， 不动三业疮， 戒性自成就。 若有出家者， 不得行淫欲。 女男及黄门， 自来相慕欲， 愚迷而爱着， 得彼根本罪。 若彼故行淫， 如蛇如毒药， 损坏于自身， 得大地狱苦， 障碍于涅槃， 不出于生死。 正觉非如是， 未曾身犯戒， 持戒获大利。 若有出家者， 不得出妄语。 若言见天人， 与我同言语， 大人所住处， 我自亦曾到， 乃至乾闼婆， 恭伴龙夜叉， 摩睺罗伽辈， 毗舍紧那罗， 钵哩哆鬼等， 与我恒言话， 此皆为妄语。 或言得五通， 正道及四果， 晓了甚深法， 未得言为得， 如斯之妄语， 永沈于恶趣。 不得起两舌， 离别他善友， 及彼粗恶言， 绮说非与是。 设被他毁骂， 勿得酬对他， 种种斗诤言， 一一须忍受。 若彼不依行， 而得犯戒罪； 智者一心持， 获离口业过。 若以谷米等， 为酒醉于人， 不得而故饮。 或以甘蔗花， 蒲萄果实等， 修酝可醉人， 不得而故饮。 自饮教他饮， 迷乱而失念， 增长放逸心， 饮者得重罪。 现代汉语译本 如果（施舍的物品）变质了，或者（施主）想要换回或买回，都不要答应，要随他去。 这叫做‘出家心’，不触动身、口、意三业的疮疤，戒律的体性自然成就。如果有人出家，就不能行淫欲之事。无论是男女还是黄门（指阉人），如果彼此爱慕，被愚痴迷惑而产生爱恋，就会犯下根本罪。如果明知故犯，就像蛇和毒药一样，会损害自身，遭受大地狱的痛苦，障碍涅槃，无法脱离生死轮回。正觉者（指佛陀）不是这样的，他从未以身犯戒，持戒能获得巨大的利益。 如果有人出家，就不能说谎。如果说自己见到了天人，天人与自己交谈，或者说自己去过大人物居住的地方，甚至说乾闼婆（Gandharva，天上的乐神）、恭伴龙夜叉（Yaksa，一种鬼神），摩睺罗伽（Mahoraga，一种蟒神）辈、毗舍阇（Pisaca，食人鬼）、紧那罗（Kinnara，人头鸟身的乐神）、钵哩哆鬼（Preta，饿鬼）等，都经常与自己说话，这些都是妄语。或者说自己得到了五神通，证得了正道和四果，通晓甚深佛法，未得却说已得，这样的妄语，会永远沉沦于恶趣。不能挑拨离间，离间他人善友，以及说粗恶的话，说花言巧语、似是而非的话。即使被人毁谤谩骂，也不要还口，不要进行各种争斗，要一一忍受。如果不能按照这些去做，就会犯戒；智者一心持戒，就能远离口业的过失。 如果用谷米等酿酒使人醉，就不能故意去喝。或者用甘蔗花、葡萄果实等酿造可以醉人的酒，也不能故意去喝。自己喝也教别人喝，导致迷乱而失去正念，增长放逸之心，饮酒的人会得到重罪。
English
English version If (the donated items) become altered, or if (the donor) wants to exchange or buy them back, do not agree; let them do as they please. This is called 'the mind of renunciation'. It does not touch the sores of the three karmas of body, speech, and mind. The nature of precepts is naturally accomplished. If someone has left home (become a monk or nun), they must not engage in sexual activity. Whether male, female, or eunuch (Huangmen), if they are attracted to each other, deluded by ignorance and develop attachment, they will commit a fundamental offense. If they knowingly engage in sexual activity, it is like a snake or poison, harming themselves, suffering the pain of the great hells, obstructing Nirvana, and unable to escape the cycle of birth and death. The Perfectly Enlightened One (Buddha) is not like this; he has never violated the precepts with his body. Upholding the precepts brings great benefits. If someone has left home, they must not lie. If they say they have seen devas (heavenly beings), that devas speak with them, or that they have been to the places where great beings reside, or even that Gandharvas (Gandharva, celestial musicians), Yakshas (Yaksa, a type of spirit) accompanying dragons, Mahoragas (Mahoraga, a type of serpent deity), Pisacas (Pisaca, flesh-eating demons), Kinnaras (Kinnara, beings with human heads and bird bodies), Pretas (Preta, hungry ghosts), etc., constantly speak with them, these are all lies. Or if they say they have attained the five supernormal powers, realized the right path and the four fruits (stages of enlightenment), and understand profound Dharma, claiming to have attained what they have not, such lies will cause them to sink forever into the evil realms. They must not engage in divisive speech, alienating others from their good friends, or use harsh words, or frivolous and misleading speech. Even if they are slandered or reviled, they must not retaliate, or engage in various disputes; they must endure everything. If they do not follow these guidelines, they will commit offenses against the precepts; the wise, with a focused mind, uphold the precepts and avoid the faults of verbal karma. If they use grains or rice to make alcohol that intoxicates people, they must not intentionally drink it. Or if they use sugarcane flowers, grapes, or other fruits to brew alcohol that can intoxicate, they must not intentionally drink it. Drinking themselves or encouraging others to drink, leading to confusion and loss of mindfulness, increasing the mind of laxity, those who drink will incur a heavy offense.