Chinese
大正藏第 23 册 No. 1445 根本说一切有部毗奈耶安居事 No. 1445 根本说一切有部毗奈耶安居事一卷 大唐三藏义净奉 制译 佛在室罗伐城逝多林给孤独园。尔时世尊与诸苾刍，于此住处三月雨安居。时有众多苾刍，于其夏中，遂向余处人间游行，不善护身，伤杀虫蚁。时诸外道，咸起讥嫌，作如是语：“此沙门释子，无有慈悲，夏中游行，杀诸虫类，不异俗流。然诸禽兽，于四月中，尚居巢穴，不远出外。然此秃头沙门，不作安居，不知收摄，安在一处。既无轨式，谁复于斯以衣食施？”时诸苾刍以缘白佛，佛言：“我缘此事，今制苾刍作安居法，于三月中，住在一处。”时诸苾刍闻此语已，不知云何作安居法？佛言：“先于五月十五日，可于住处洒扫清净牛粪涂地，所有卧具聚在一处，乃至洗足盆。众既集已，应差一苾刍为掌卧具人。若有五法者，即不应差。云何为五？谓有爱、恚、怖、痴，不知卧具分与不分。翻前五法，是即应差。应如是差：敷坐席、鸣揵椎，言白众集，先问苾刍某甲：‘颇能为夏安居僧伽分卧具不？’彼答言：‘能。’次一苾刍应先作白已，次为羯磨。 “‘大德僧伽听！此苾刍某甲，乐与夏安居僧伽分卧具。若僧伽时至 现代汉语译本 大正藏第 23 册 No. 1445 根本说一切有部毗奈耶安居事 No. 1445 根本说一切有部毗奈耶安居事一卷 大唐三藏义净奉 制译 佛在室罗伐城（Śrāvastī，古印度城市，意为‘闻者城’）逝多林（Jetavana，祇陀林）给孤独园（Anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma，意为‘无依者之园’）。尔时世尊与诸苾刍（bhikṣu，比丘），于此住处三月雨安居。时有众多苾刍，于其夏中，遂向余处人间游行，不善护身，伤杀虫蚁。时诸外道，咸起讥嫌，作如是语：‘此沙门（śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）释子（释迦牟尼佛的弟子），无有慈悲，夏中游行，杀诸虫类，不异俗流。然诸禽兽，于四月中，尚居巢穴，不远出外。然此秃头沙门，不作安居，不知收摄，安在一处。既无轨式，谁复于斯以衣食施？’时诸苾刍以缘白佛，佛言：‘我缘此事，今制苾刍作安居法，于三月中，住在一处。’时诸苾刍闻此语已，不知云何作安居法？佛言：‘先于五月十五日，可于住处洒扫清净牛粪涂地，所有卧具聚在一处，乃至洗足盆。众既集已，应差一苾刍为掌卧具人。若有五法者，即不应差。云何为五？谓有爱、恚、怖、痴，不知卧具分与不分。翻前五法，是即应差。应如是差：敷坐席、鸣揵椎，言白众集，先问苾刍某甲：‘颇能为夏安居僧伽（saṃgha，僧团）分卧具不？’彼答言：‘能。’次一苾刍应先作白已，次为羯磨（karma，业）。’ ‘大德僧伽听！此苾刍某甲，乐与夏安居僧伽分卧具。若僧伽时至，
English
English version T23 No. 1445 The Vinaya-vastu on the Vassa Residence from the Mūlasarvāstivāda School No. 1445 The Vinaya-vastu on the Vassa Residence from the Mūlasarvāstivāda School, One fascicle Translated under imperial order by the Tripiṭaka Master Yijing of the Great Tang Dynasty The Buddha was in Śrāvastī (city in ancient India, meaning 'City of those who hear') at the Jetavana (Jetavana) in Anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma (meaning 'The Park of the Supporter of the Helpless'). At that time, the World-Honored One, together with the bhikṣus (monks), observed the three-month rainy season retreat at this residence. There were many bhikṣus who, during that summer, traveled to other human realms, not taking good care of themselves, harming and killing insects and ants. At that time, the non-Buddhists all arose with criticism, saying such words: 'These śrāmaṇas (wandering ascetics), disciples of the Śākya (Shakyamuni Buddha), have no compassion, traveling during the summer, killing all kinds of insects, no different from the laity. Even birds and beasts, during the four months, still reside in nests, not going far outside. Yet these bald-headed śrāmaṇas do not observe the vassa (rain retreat), not knowing how to restrain themselves, staying in one place. Since there are no rules, who will again give them clothing and food?' At that time, the bhikṣus reported the matter to the Buddha, and the Buddha said: 'Because of this matter, I now establish the rule for bhikṣus to observe the vassa, staying in one place for three months.' When the bhikṣus heard these words, they did not know how to observe the vassa. The Buddha said: 'First, on the fifteenth day of the fifth month, the residence should be swept clean, the ground plastered with cow dung, and all bedding should be gathered in one place, even the foot-washing basin. Once the assembly has gathered, a bhikṣu should be appointed to manage the bedding. If one has five qualities, then one should not be appointed. What are the five? They are: having attachment, hatred, fear, delusion, and not knowing whether the bedding should be distributed or not. Reversing the previous five qualities, then one should be appointed. The appointment should be done as follows: spread out a seat, strike the ghaṇṭā (gong), announce to the assembly, first ask the bhikṣu so-and-so: 'Are you able to distribute the bedding for the sangha (community) during the summer retreat?' If he answers: 'Yes,' then another bhikṣu should first make a formal announcement, then perform the karma (action).' 'May the venerable Sangha listen! This bhikṣu so-and-so is willing to distribute the bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat. If it is the Sangha's time, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
听者，僧伽应许僧伽今差苾刍某甲，为夏安居僧伽作分卧具苾刍。白如是。’‘大德僧伽听！此苾刍某甲，乐与夏安居僧伽分卧具。僧伽今差某甲苾刍，为夏安居僧伽分卧具。若诸具寿听某甲苾刍为夏安居僧伽分卧具者默然，若不许者说。’‘僧伽已许某甲为夏安居僧伽作分卧具苾刍竟，僧伽已听许，由其默然故，我今如是持。’” 佛言：“我今为诸苾刍，制分卧具法。其授事之人，应先为僧料理筹已，次于明日敷坐席，鸣揵椎，言白复周。其筹悉应两头系花，香泥拭饰，安竹箱中，名香普熏，白㲲覆上，筹长一肘，置上坐前。次宣制令：‘大德僧伽听！于此住处，所有制法，若诸大德乐此安居无违背者，当可受筹。诸苾刍众，于此夏中不应更相诘责，云破见、破戒、破正行、破正命。如其仁等知有犯者，即于今时可论其事，无宜夏中更相举发，恼诸苾刍不安乐住。’作是告已，次分卧具。令一苾刍擎筹盘在前，其收筹者持空盘随后，大师教主先置一筹，次向上座前住，上座亦应少离本座，蹲踞合掌，受取其筹。然后安详，置空盘上。如是次第，乃至行末。若有求寂身既不来，阿遮利耶、邬波驮耶代取其筹。次取护寺天神筹。既总行已，应数其筹。白大众言：‘于此住处，现受筹者，苾刍有尔许、求寂若干。 现代汉语译本：听者，僧团应允僧团现在委派比丘某甲（比丘的名字），作为夏季安居僧团分配卧具的比丘。告知如下：‘尊敬的僧团请听！这位比丘某甲（比丘的名字），乐意为夏季安居的僧团分配卧具。僧团现在委派某甲比丘（比丘的名字），作为夏季安居僧团分配卧具的比丘。如果各位长老同意某甲比丘（比丘的名字）作为夏季安居僧团分配卧具的比丘，请保持沉默；如果不同意，请提出。’‘僧团已经同意某甲（比丘的名字）作为夏季安居僧团分配卧具的比丘完毕，僧团已经听取并允许，因为大家保持沉默，我现在就这样遵循。’ 佛陀说：‘我现在为各位比丘，制定分配卧具的方法。负责此事的人，应该先为僧团准备好筹码，然后在第二天铺设座位，敲击犍椎（寺庙中使用的响器），宣告并重复。这些筹码都应该在两头系上花，用香泥擦拭装饰，安放在竹箱中，用名贵的香料普遍熏香，用白色细布覆盖在上面，筹码的长度为一肘（古代长度单位），放置在上座（资历高的僧人）的前面。然后宣布制定的规矩：‘尊敬的僧团请听！在这个住处，所有的规定，如果各位长老乐意在此安居并且没有违背的，就可以领取筹码。各位比丘众，在这个夏季安居期间不应该互相指责，说破见（错误的见解）、破戒（违反戒律）、破正行（违背正确的行为）、破正命（违背正当的谋生方式）。如果各位知道有人犯戒，就在现在可以讨论此事，不应该在夏季安居期间互相揭发，扰乱各位比丘不安乐地居住。’这样宣告完毕后，开始分配卧具。让一位比丘拿着筹码盘在前面，收筹码的人拿着空盘在后面，大师教主（佛陀）首先放置一个筹码，然后走到上座（资历高的僧人）前站立，上座也应该稍微离开自己的座位，蹲下合掌，接受筹码。然后安详地放在空盘上。像这样依次进行，直到最后。如果有沙弥（佛教出家男子）因为身体原因没有来，阿遮利耶（规范师）、邬波驮耶（亲教师）代替他领取筹码。然后领取护寺天神（保护寺庙的神祇）的筹码。全部结束后，应该清点筹码。告知大众说：‘在这个住处，现在领取筹码的人，比丘有这么多，沙弥有若干。’
English
English version: 'Listeners, the Sangha now authorizes Bhikshu (monk's name) so-and-so to be the Bhikshu who distributes bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat. Announce thus: 'Venerable Sangha, listen! This Bhikshu (monk's name) so-and-so is willing to distribute bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat. The Sangha now authorizes Bhikshu (monk's name) so-and-so to be the Bhikshu who distributes bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat. If the venerable ones agree to Bhikshu (monk's name) so-and-so being the Bhikshu who distributes bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat, remain silent; if you do not agree, speak up.' 'The Sangha has completed authorizing so-and-so (monk's name) to be the Bhikshu who distributes bedding for the Sangha during the summer retreat. The Sangha has listened and permitted it, because everyone remains silent, I now uphold it thus.' The Buddha said: 'I now establish the method for distributing bedding for all Bhikshus. The person in charge of this matter should first prepare the tokens for the Sangha, then lay out the seats the next day, strike the ghanta (a bell-like instrument used in temples), announce and repeat. These tokens should all have flowers tied to both ends, be wiped and decorated with fragrant mud, placed in a bamboo box, be universally熏香ed with precious incense, and covered with white fine cloth. The tokens should be one cubit (an ancient unit of length) long and placed in front of the senior monk (monk with high seniority). Then announce the established rules: 'Venerable Sangha, listen! Regarding all the rules in this dwelling place, if the venerable ones are willing to reside here and do not violate them, then they may receive a token. All Bhikshus, during this summer retreat, should not accuse each other of holding broken views (wrong views), breaking precepts (violating rules), breaking right conduct (violating correct behavior), or breaking right livelihood (violating proper means of earning a living). If you know that someone has violated the precepts, you may discuss the matter now, but you should not expose each other during the summer retreat, disturbing the Bhikshus and preventing them from residing peacefully.' After making this announcement, begin distributing the bedding. Have one Bhikshu hold the token tray in front, and the person collecting the tokens hold an empty tray behind. The Great Teacher (Buddha) first places a token, then stands in front of the senior monk (monk with high seniority), who should also slightly leave his seat, squat down, join his palms, and receive the token. Then place it calmly on the empty tray. Proceed in this order until the end. If a Shramanera (Buddhist novice) is unable to come due to physical reasons, the Acharya (preceptor) and Upadhyaya (teacher) will receive the token on his behalf. Then collect the token for the temple guardian deity (deity protecting the temple). After everything is completed, the tokens should be counted. Announce to the assembly: 'In this dwelling place, those who have received tokens now include this many Bhikshus and this many Shramaneras.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
’又分卧具苾刍，持诸锁钥，安上座前，白言：‘大德！某房有衣有利，如其乐者取之。’若上座不取此房，应与第二上座。若第二上座取此房者，其旧住房应与第三上座。如是展转，乃至僧伽众末。第一上座见与第二上座之时，便更索者，初索之时，不应即与；第二索时，亦不须与；第三索时应与，然上座得恶作罪。如是展转乃至众末，如前次第得越法罪，准上应知。” 然于住处，所有房舍悉皆分尽。客苾刍来，无房可与。世尊告曰：“应留一房并其卧具，拟客苾刍。”时诸苾刍遂留门屋下廊檐前，及以踏道与客苾刍，佛言：“不应留门屋下乃至踏道与客苾刍。此之处所，乃是众鸟所居，非人住处。”佛言：“应令一苾刍知僧伽利养，别留一房安置卧具。然彼苾刍，应自守护所有诸物，复应捡看虫及蜂窠。蜂若出窠，即应除去；儿若未出，应以线悬系置余处，长成自去。其有客苾刍来，应给卧具。若其人少，人各与一。必若人多，二人共一，或三共一。” 有诸耆宿苾刍，既得重大毡褥，移动致难，不知云何？佛言：“若耆宿苾刍不能移动，有小苾刍，应令依止。分卧具已，即应告曰：‘若无儭物，不应辄卧，亦不应以小物垢腻破碎疏薄之类，用替僧祇卧具。’其受事人巡房观察，见非理者准事治罚 现代汉语译本 又分配卧具的比丘，拿着所有的锁和钥匙，放在上座（僧团中地位最高的僧人）面前，禀告说：‘大德！某房间里有衣服和财物，如果喜欢就拿去。’如果上座不接受这个房间，应该给第二上座。如果第二上座接受这个房间，他原来的房间应该给第三上座。就这样依次传递，直到僧团的最后一位成员。第一上座在给了第二上座之后，又想索要，第一次索要的时候，不应该立即给他；第二次索要的时候，也不需要给他；第三次索要的时候应该给他，但是上座会因此犯下恶作罪（一种轻微的罪过）。像这样依次传递直到僧团的最后一位成员，像前面一样依次犯下越法罪（违背佛法的罪过），按照上面的原则应该知道如何处理。 然而，如果住处所有的房舍都分配完了，有新来的比丘，没有房间可以给。世尊（释迦牟尼佛的尊称）说：‘应该留下一间房和里面的卧具，用来接待新来的比丘。’当时，各位比丘就留下门屋下、廊檐前，以及踏道给新来的比丘，佛说：‘不应该留下门屋下，乃至踏道给新来的比丘。这些地方，是鸟类居住的地方，不是人居住的地方。’佛说：‘应该让一位比丘负责僧团的供养，另外留下一间房安置卧具。这位比丘，应该自己守护所有的物品，还要检查虫子和蜂巢。蜜蜂如果飞出蜂巢，就应该除去；小蜜蜂如果还没有出来，应该用线悬挂起来放在其他地方，等它们长大后自己飞走。如果有新来的比丘，应该提供卧具。如果人少，每人给一套。如果人多，两人共用一套，或者三人共用一套。’ 有些年长的比丘，已经得到很重的毛毡褥子，移动起来很困难，不知道怎么办？佛说：‘如果年长的比丘不能移动，有年轻的比丘，应该让他依止。分配完卧具后，就应该告诉他们：‘如果没有衬垫的物品，不应该随便躺卧，也不应该用小的、脏的、破损的、稀薄之类的东西，代替僧团的卧具。’负责管理的人巡视房间观察，看到不合理的情况，按照规定进行惩罚。