Chinese
大正藏第 22 册 No. 1422b 五分戒本 ◎五分戒本(亦名弥沙塞戒本) 宋罽宾三藏佛陀什等译 “大德僧听！冬时一月过少一夜，余有一夜三月在。老死至近，佛法欲灭。诸大德！为得道故，一心勤精进。所以者何？诸佛一心勤精进故得无上菩提，何况余善道法！未受具足者已出。僧今和合先作何事？”(一人应答：“布萨说戒。”)“诸大德！为未来诸比丘说欲及清净。” “合十指爪掌， 供养释师子， 我今欲说戒， 僧当一心听。 乃至小罪中， 心应大怖畏， 有罪一心悔， 后更莫复犯。 心马驰恶道， 放逸难禁制， 佛说切戒行， 亦如利辔勒。 佛口说教戒， 善者能信受， 是人马调顺， 能破烦恼军。 若不受教敕， 亦不爱乐戒， 是人马不调， 没在烦恼军。 若人守护戒， 如牦牛爱尾， 系心不放逸， 亦如猴着锁。 日夜常精进， 求实智慧故， 是人佛法中， 能得清净命。” “大德僧听！今十五日布萨说戒，若僧时到僧忍听，僧一心共作布萨。白如是。”“有罪者发露，无罪者默然。默然故，当知诸大德清净。若比丘知如是众中三唱，忆有罪不发露，得故妄语罪 现代汉语译本 ◎五分戒本（亦名弥沙塞戒本） 宋 罽宾（Kashmir）三藏 佛陀什（Buddhaśīla）等译 ‘大德僧众听！冬天已经过去一个月，还剩一夜，还有三个月。衰老和死亡非常接近，佛法将要衰灭。诸位大德！为了证得道果，要一心勤奋精进。为什么呢？诸佛都是因为一心勤奋精进而证得无上菩提（Anuttarā-samyak-sambodhi），更何况其他的善道之法！没有受过具足戒的人请离开。僧团现在和合，首先应该做什么事？’（一人应答：‘布萨（Poṣadha）说戒。’）‘诸位大德！为了未来诸位比丘（bhikṣu）的利益，宣说求戒的意愿以及清净。’ ‘合起十指，掌心相对，供养释迦牟尼佛（Śākyamuni），我现在想要宣说戒律，僧众应当一心谛听。乃至对于微小的罪过，心中也应该生起极大的怖畏，有罪要一心忏悔，之后更不要再犯。心如野马奔驰于恶道，放逸难以禁止，佛陀所说的戒律，就像锋利的缰绳。佛陀口中所说的教诫，善良的人能够信受，这样的人就像调顺的马，能够摧破烦恼大军。如果不接受教敕，也不喜爱戒律，这样的人就像没有调伏的马，沉没在烦恼大军中。如果有人守护戒律，就像牦牛爱惜自己的尾巴一样，系缚自己的心念不放逸，也像猴子被锁链束缚一样。日夜精进不懈，为了寻求真实的智慧，这样的人在佛法中，能够得到清净的生命。’ ‘大德僧众听！今天是十五日布萨说戒的日子，如果僧众认为时机已到，僧众忍可听受，僧众就一心共同举行布萨。禀白如上。’‘有罪的人应当发露忏悔，没有罪的人就保持沉默。因为沉默的缘故，应当知道诸位大德是清净的。如果比丘知道僧众已经三次宣告，还忆起自己有罪而不发露，就犯了故意妄语罪（samprajānamṛṣāvāda）。’
English
English version ◎ The Five-Part Vinaya (also known as the Mahīśāsaka Vinaya) Translated by the Tripiṭaka Master Buddhaśīla (佛陀什) from Kashmir (罽宾) and others during the Song Dynasty 'Venerable Sangha, listen! One month of winter has passed, with one night remaining, and three months remain. Old age and death are very near, and the Buddha's Dharma is about to decline. Venerable ones! For the sake of attaining the Path, diligently strive with one mind. Why is that? Because all Buddhas attained Anuttarā-samyak-sambodhi (无上菩提) through diligent striving with one mind, how much more so other virtuous paths! Those who have not received the full ordination should leave. Now that the Sangha is assembled in harmony, what should be done first?' (One person answers: 'The Poṣadha (布萨) recitation of the precepts.') 'Venerable ones! For the benefit of future bhikṣus (比丘), declare the desire for ordination and purity.' 'Joining the ten fingers, palms together, offering to Śākyamuni Buddha (释迦牟尼佛), I now wish to recite the precepts, the Sangha should listen attentively with one mind. Even for the smallest offenses, one should feel great fear in one's heart, repent wholeheartedly for any offenses, and never commit them again. The mind is like a wild horse galloping on evil paths, and it is difficult to restrain its recklessness. The precepts spoken by the Buddha are like sharp reins. The teachings spoken by the Buddha, the virtuous are able to believe and accept. Such a person is like a well-trained horse, able to destroy the army of afflictions. If one does not accept the teachings, nor love the precepts, such a person is like an untamed horse, submerged in the army of afflictions. If one guards the precepts, like a yak cherishing its tail, restraining one's mind and not being reckless, like a monkey bound by chains. Day and night, constantly striving diligently, seeking true wisdom, such a person in the Buddha's Dharma, is able to obtain a pure life.' 'Venerable Sangha, listen! Today is the fifteenth day, the day for the Poṣadha recitation of the precepts. If the Sangha deems it the right time, and the Sangha consents to listen, then the Sangha should wholeheartedly perform the Poṣadha together. Announce as such.' 'Those who have offenses should confess and repent, those who have no offenses should remain silent. Because of the silence, it should be known that the venerable ones are pure. If a bhikṣu knows that the Sangha has announced this three times, and still remembers having offenses but does not confess, he commits the offense of intentional false speech (samprajānamṛṣāvāda).' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
。佛说故妄语罪障道法。若比丘如是众中欲求清净法，忆有罪应发露，发露则安隐，不发露罪益深。诸大德！已说戒序竟。今问，诸大德是中清净不？”(如是三说)“诸大德是中清净，默然故，是事如是持。” “诸大德！是四波罗夷法，半月半月戒经中说。 “若比丘，于和合僧中受具足戒，不还戒、戒羸不出想，行淫法乃至共畜生。是比丘犯波罗夷罪，不应共事。 “若比丘，若聚落中、若空地、旷野中物，不与取名盗物。若不与物取故，若王、若王等，若捉、若杀、若输金罪，若如是言：‘咄！汝小、汝痴、汝贼。’有如是相比丘，是比丘犯波罗夷罪，不应共事。 “若比丘，若人、若似人，若自杀、若教人杀、若自持刀与、若教人持刀与，若教死、若赞死，若如是言：‘咄！人用恶活为？死胜生。’是人因是事死者，是比丘犯波罗夷罪，不应共事。 “若比丘，不知不见，说过人法。自称言：‘如是知、如是见。’后诸比丘若问、若不问，为发露求清净故：‘不知言知，不见言见。’除增上慢，是比丘犯波罗夷罪，不应共事。” “诸大德！已说四波罗夷法。若比丘犯一一戒，波罗夷不共住。如前后亦如是，是比丘波罗夷不共住。今问，诸大德是中清净不？”(如是 现代汉语译本：佛陀说虚妄之语会产生罪业，阻碍修行正道。如果比丘在僧团中想要寻求清净之法，回忆起自己所犯的罪过，就应当坦白发露。坦白发露就能得到安稳，不坦白发露罪业就会日益加深。各位大德！戒序已经宣说完毕。现在问各位大德，你们在此是否清净？（如此重复三次）各位大德在此清净，因为大家默然不语，此事就这样决定了。 各位大德！以下是四条波罗夷法（Parajika，断头罪），在每半个月诵戒的戒经中宣说。 如果比丘在和合的僧团中受了具足戒（Upasampada，比丘戒），没有舍弃戒律，也没有生起戒律衰退的想法，行淫欲之事，乃至与畜生行淫。这位比丘就犯了波罗夷罪，不应该再与他共住。 如果比丘，无论是从村落中，还是从空地、旷野中，不经允许拿取他人的财物，这被称为盗取。如果不经允许拿取他人的财物，国王或者与国王地位相等的人，如果捉住他、杀了他、或者判处他输金的罪，或者如此说：‘咄！你这小子、你这愚痴的人、你这盗贼。’有这样行为的比丘，这位比丘就犯了波罗夷罪，不应该再与他共住。 如果比丘，无论是对人、还是对非人，自己杀死自己、或者教唆他人杀人、或者亲自递刀给他人、或者教唆他人递刀给他人，或者教唆他人去死、或者赞叹死亡，或者如此说：‘咄！人活着受罪有什么用？死了比活着更好。’如果这个人因为这些话而死去，这位比丘就犯了波罗夷罪，不应该再与他共住。 如果比丘，在没有真正证知、证见的情况下，妄称自己已经证得了超人的境界。自己声称说：‘我如是知、我如是见。’之后其他的比丘，无论是问他、还是不问他，为了发露罪过、寻求清净的缘故，坦白说：‘我不知却说知，不见却说见。’除非是增上慢（Adhimana，未证言证），这位比丘就犯了波罗夷罪，不应该再与他共住。 各位大德！四条波罗夷法已经宣说完毕。如果比丘触犯了其中任何一条戒律，就犯了波罗夷罪，不能与僧团共住。无论是先犯还是后犯，都是一样，这位比丘犯了波罗夷罪，不能与僧团共住。现在问各位大德，你们在此是否清净？（如此
English
English version: The Buddha said that false speech creates karmic obstacles that hinder the path to enlightenment. If a Bhikkhu (monk) in the Sangha (community) desires to seek pure Dharma (teachings), he should confess any offenses he remembers. Confession brings peace, while failure to confess deepens the offense. Venerable ones! The preamble to the precepts has been recited. Now I ask you, venerable ones, are you pure in this assembly? (This is repeated three times.) Venerable ones are pure in this assembly, because of your silence, this matter is thus upheld. Venerable ones! These are the four Parajika (defeat) rules, which are recited in the Patimokkha (code of monastic discipline) every half-month. If a Bhikkhu, having received full ordination (Upasampada) in a harmonious Sangha, without renouncing the precepts or having the thought of weakening the precepts, engages in sexual intercourse, even with an animal. This Bhikkhu has committed a Parajika offense and should not be associated with. If a Bhikkhu takes something that is not given, whether from a village, an empty place, or a wilderness, it is called theft. If he takes something not given, and the king or someone equal to the king, seizes him, kills him, or imposes a fine of gold, or says: 'Hey! You little one, you fool, you thief.' If there is such a Bhikkhu, this Bhikkhu has committed a Parajika offense and should not be associated with. If a Bhikkhu, whether to a human or a non-human, kills himself, or encourages another to kill, or personally gives a knife to another, or encourages another to give a knife, or encourages death, or praises death, or says: 'Hey! What is the use of living a miserable life? Death is better than life.' If that person dies because of these words, this Bhikkhu has committed a Parajika offense and should not be associated with. If a Bhikkhu, without truly knowing or seeing, claims to have attained superhuman qualities. He claims: 'I know thus, I see thus.' Later, if other Bhikkhus ask him or do not ask him, for the sake of confessing offenses and seeking purity, he confesses: 'I said I knew when I did not know, I said I saw when I did not see.' Except for Adhimana (false claim of enlightenment), this Bhikkhu has committed a Parajika offense and should not be associated with. Venerable ones! The four Parajika rules have been recited. If a Bhikkhu violates any one of these precepts, he has committed a Parajika offense and cannot live with the Sangha. Whether it is committed before or after, it is the same, this Bhikkhu has committed a Parajika offense and cannot live with the Sangha. Now I ask you, venerable ones, are you pure in this assembly? (This is --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
三说)“诸大德是中清净，默然故，是事如是持。” “诸大德！是十三僧迦婆尸沙法，半月半月戒经中说。 “若比丘，故出不净，除梦中，僧伽婆尸沙 “若比丘，淫乱变心，与女人身共合，若捉手臂发上下摩，着细滑，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，向女人说不净语，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，语女人言：‘以淫欲法供养我等持戒行善法梵行者，是上供养。’僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，行媒法，持男意至女边、持女意至男边，若为妇事、若私通事，乃至一交会时，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，无主为身，自乞作大房，应问诸比丘无难处、非妨处。若不问诸比丘、过量作，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，有主为身欲作大房，应问诸比丘无难处、非妨处。若不问作，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，瞋他比丘，以无根波罗夷法谤，欲破彼比丘净行。是比丘，若问若不问，知是事无根，是比丘住瞋法语，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，瞋他故不喜，异分事中取片、若似片法，非波罗夷比丘以波罗夷法谤，欲破彼比丘净行故。是比丘知是事异分事中取片法作异语故，僧伽婆尸沙。 “若比丘，欲破和合僧，勤方便受持破僧缘事。诸比丘应如是谏：‘大德！当与僧和合， 现代汉语译本 （三说）‘诸位大德，这里清净，因为大家默然不语，所以这件事就这样确定了。’ ‘诸位大德！这十三条僧伽婆尸沙法（Sanghavasesa，僧团残罪），在半月半月的戒经中宣说。’ ‘如果比丘（bhikkhu，出家男子），故意遗精，除非是梦中，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，**心生变化**，与女人身体接触，无论是抓手臂、抚摸头发，还是上下摩擦，只要有细微的接触，就犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，对女人说不清净的话语，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，对女人说：‘用淫欲之事来供养我们这些持戒修行善法梵行（brahmacarya，清净行）的人，这是最好的供养。’犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，做媒人的事情，把男人的意思带到女人那里，或者把女人的意思带到男人那里，无论是为了娶妻的事情，还是私通的事情，乃至仅仅促成一次性行为，都犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，没有施主为自己，自己请求建造大的住所，应该询问其他比丘，有没有不方便的地方、有没有妨碍的地方。如果不询问其他比丘，就过度地建造，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，有施主为自己想要建造大的住所，应该询问其他比丘，有没有不方便的地方、有没有妨碍的地方。如果不询问就建造，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，因为嗔恨其他比丘，用没有根据的波罗夷法（Parajika，断头罪）来诽谤，想要破坏那个比丘的清净修行。这个比丘，无论被询问还是没有被询问，明知这件事没有根据，这个比丘仍然坚持用嗔恨的言语，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，因为嗔恨而不喜欢其他比丘，在不同的事情中抓住一点点、或者类似一点点的东西，用非波罗夷的罪名，以波罗夷罪来诽谤，想要破坏那个比丘的清净修行。这个比丘明知这件事是从不同的事情中抓住一点点东西来歪曲事实，犯僧伽婆尸沙罪。’ ‘如果比丘，想要破坏僧团的和合，勤奋地想方设法，受持破坏僧团因缘的事情。其他比丘应该这样劝谏：‘大德！应当与僧团和合，'
English
English version (Said three times) 'Venerable ones, here is purity; because of silence, this matter is thus upheld.' 'Venerable ones! These are the thirteen Sanghavasesa (Sanghavasesa, offences requiring initial and subsequent meetings of the Sangha) rules, recited in the Patimokkha (monastic code) every half-month.' 'If a bhikkhu (bhikkhu, a Buddhist monk), intentionally emits semen, except in a dream, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, with **altered mind**, engages in physical contact with a woman, whether by grasping her hand, touching her hair, or rubbing her body up and down, even with subtle contact, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, speaks impure words to a woman, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, says to a woman: 'Offering me, a virtuous monk practicing the holy life (brahmacarya, pure life), with sexual intercourse is the highest offering,' it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, acts as a matchmaker, carrying a man's intention to a woman or a woman's intention to a man, whether for marriage or for a secret affair, even to arrange a single act of intercourse, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, without a patron, requests to build a large dwelling for himself, he should ask the other bhikkhus if there is any inconvenience or obstruction. If he builds excessively without asking the other bhikkhus, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, with a patron, wants to build a large dwelling for himself, he should ask the other bhikkhus if there is any inconvenience or obstruction. If he builds without asking, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, out of anger towards another bhikkhu, accuses him of a baseless Parajika (Parajika, defeat) offence, intending to destroy that bhikkhu's pure conduct. If this bhikkhu, whether asked or not, knows that the matter is baseless, and persists in speaking with anger, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, out of anger and dislike towards another bhikkhu, seizes upon a small matter or something similar to a small matter, and accuses him of a Parajika offence, even though it is not a Parajika offence, intending to destroy that bhikkhu's pure conduct. If this bhikkhu knows that he is distorting the facts by seizing upon a small matter from a different situation, it is a Sanghavasesa offence.' 'If a bhikkhu, desires to break up the harmony of the Sangha, diligently strives and upholds matters that cause division in the Sangha. The other bhikkhus should admonish him thus: 'Venerable sir, be in harmony with the Sangha,' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------