Chinese
余所受诸欲乐具，所谓象马车步军等，广说乃至皆是坠堕零落断坏离散之法，亦复如是。是故，大王！应善勤修，随无常观、随尽灭观，于自命终常当惊惧，为大国王应以正法勿以非法，应随法行勿随非法。 “大王当知！如四大山从四方来，牢固坚密无有缺漏无诸间隙，周匝充遍总一合成，上尽虚空下穷地际，其中所有一切草木枝条花叶，及诸有情蠢动之类皆被磨灭，难以决勇而可逃避，难以势力而能抗拒，难以咒术财货药物而可禁止。如是，大王！世有四种大怖畏事，各来磨灭一切众生，难以决勇而可逃避，难以势力而能抗拒，难以咒术财货药物而能禁止。 “云何四种大怖畏事？大王当知！一者、老来逼害，磨灭众生少壮；二者、病来逼害，磨灭众生调适；三者、死来逼害，磨灭众生寿命；四者、衰来逼害，磨灭众生兴盛。 “大王当知！譬如师子为众兽王，入鹿群中搏取一鹿，若啖未啖自在无难。其鹿尔时先所腾勇，入师子口无复能为。如是，大王！一切众生既入无常师子王口，所有势力无复能为。 “大王当知！譬如有人勇健多力毒箭所中，一切威猛皆悉摧灭。如是，大王！一切众生刚强佷戾，死箭所中无复势力、无复救护、无所归依、无所投窜，临欲舍命解支节时，血肉枯竭心 现代汉语译本： 我所享受的各种欲乐之物，比如象、马、车、步兵等等，总而言之，都是会坠落、衰败、断绝、毁坏、离散的。我的生命也同样如此。所以，大王！您应该努力修行，随顺无常的观察、随顺灭尽的观察，对于自己生命的终结常常感到惊惧。作为大国王，应该用正法治理国家，不要用非法；应该遵循正法行事，不要遵循非法。 大王您应当知道！就像四座大山从四个方向而来，牢固坚实，没有缺漏，没有间隙，周匝充遍，总合成为一体，上至虚空，下至地底，其中所有的一切草木枝条花叶，以及各种有情众生，蠢动的生物，都会被磨灭，难以凭借勇气逃避，难以凭借势力抗拒，难以凭借咒术、财货、药物来禁止。像这样，大王！世间有四种大的怖畏之事，各自前来磨灭一切众生，难以凭借勇气逃避，难以凭借势力抗拒，难以凭借咒术、财货、药物来禁止。 什么是四种大的怖畏之事呢？大王您应当知道！一是衰老到来逼迫侵害，磨灭众生的少壮；二是疾病到来逼迫侵害，磨灭众生的健康调适；三是死亡到来逼迫侵害，磨灭众生的寿命；四是衰败到来逼迫侵害，磨灭众生的兴盛。 大王您应当知道！譬如狮子作为众兽之王，进入鹿群中捕捉一只鹿，无论吃或不吃，都自在无碍。那鹿在之前所拥有的腾跃和勇气，一旦进入狮子的口中，就再也没有任何作用了。像这样，大王！一切众生一旦进入无常这头狮子王口中，所有的势力都再也没有任何作用了。 大王您应当知道！譬如有人勇猛健壮，却被毒箭射中，一切威猛的力量都会被摧毁。像这样，大王！一切众生即使刚强凶狠，一旦被死亡之箭射中，就再也没有势力、没有救护、没有归依之处、没有逃窜的地方，临近舍弃生命、肢体解散的时候，血肉枯竭，心...
English
English version: The various objects of desire and enjoyment that I receive, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, and so on, broadly speaking, are all subject to falling, decay, cessation, destruction, and separation. My own life is also the same. Therefore, O Great King! You should diligently cultivate, contemplate impermanence, contemplate cessation, and always be fearful of the end of your own life. As a great king, you should govern the country with Dharma (正法 - righteous law), not with non-Dharma; you should act in accordance with Dharma, not in accordance with non-Dharma. O Great King, you should know! Just as four great mountains come from four directions, firm and solid, without gaps or leaks, completely filling all around, merging into one whole, reaching up to the sky and down to the earth, and all the grass, trees, branches, leaves, and all sentient beings, including all moving creatures within them, will be crushed, difficult to escape with courage, difficult to resist with power, difficult to prevent with spells, wealth, or medicine. Likewise, O Great King! There are four great fears in the world, each coming to crush all living beings, difficult to escape with courage, difficult to resist with power, difficult to prevent with spells, wealth, or medicine. What are the four great fears? O Great King, you should know! First, the approach of old age oppresses and harms, destroying the youth and strength of beings; second, the approach of illness oppresses and harms, destroying the health and well-being of beings; third, the approach of death oppresses and harms, destroying the lifespan of beings; fourth, the approach of decline oppresses and harms, destroying the prosperity of beings. O Great King, you should know! For example, a lion, as the king of beasts, enters a herd of deer and captures one deer, free to eat it or not. The deer's previous agility and courage are of no use once it is in the lion's mouth. Likewise, O Great King! Once all beings enter the mouth of the lion king of impermanence, all their power is of no use. O Great King, you should know! For example, a brave and strong person, struck by a poisoned arrow, has all their might destroyed. Likewise, O Great King! All beings, even if strong and fierce, once struck by the arrow of death, have no power, no protection, no refuge, no place to escape. Approaching the abandonment of life and the dissolution of limbs, flesh and blood dry up, and the mind... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
胸热恼，焦渴所逼张口大息，手足纷乱无所堪能，无有势力涎涕交流，大小便利秽污身体，六根闭塞喉颡哽噎喘息逾急，良医拱手弃诸妙药。其所饮啖美味珍馔无不悉舍，偃卧床枕临往异趣沦没无际，生老病死无常瀑流，至临终位余命无几，业有力故后有现前。甚大怖畏琰魔王使，广大黑闇夜分所吞，出息入息最后将灭，唯独一身无有第二及余伴侣，奄背此生归于后世。是大移转趣大丛林，入大黑闇游大旷野，泛大溟海业风所飘，往无标记冥寞方所，当于尔时无异救护、无异归依、无异投窜，唯除正法。大王！彼于尔时，唯有正法能为救护、能为宫室、能作归依，是所奔趣是所投窜，能拔众生出生死苦。 “大王当知！譬如有人寒苦所逼，唯有暖火日光衣等，所能止息而可获安；热苦所逼唯林泉等；若涉远道唯清凉阴；若渴所逼唯清冷水；若饥所逼唯多美膳，若病所逼惟良医药及供侍者；若怖所逼惟强伴侣。如是，大王！一切众生死箭所中，无复势力、无复救护、无所归依、无所投窜，临欲舍命解支节时，血肉枯竭心胸热恼，焦渴所逼张口太息，手足纷乱无所堪能，广说乃至彼于尔时唯有正法，能为救护、能为宫室、能作归依，是所奔趣是所投窜，能拔众生出生死苦。所以者何？ “大王当知！如是身者 现代汉语译本： 胸中烦热恼闷，被焦渴逼迫而张口喘息，手脚纷乱无所适从，没有力气，口水鼻涕交流，大小便失禁弄脏身体，眼耳鼻舌身意六根闭塞，喉咙哽咽，呼吸越来越急促，即使是高明的医生也束手无策，放弃了各种灵丹妙药。他所饮用享用的美味佳肴全部舍弃，只能躺在床上，面临着前往另一个世界，沉沦于无边无际的轮回之中，被生老病死的无常瀑流所吞噬。临终之际，生命所剩无几，因为业力的缘故，来世的景象已经显现。心中充满极大的恐惧，阎魔王（Yama-raja，掌管死亡的神）的使者出现，广大的黑暗吞噬着他。呼出的气息多于吸入的气息，生命即将终结，唯独自己孤身一人，没有其他伴侣，即将告别此生，前往来世。这是一场巨大的迁徙，前往巨大的丛林，进入巨大的黑暗，游走于广阔的旷野，漂浮于巨大的海洋，被业力的风所吹动，前往没有标记、幽暗寂寞的地方。在那个时候，没有任何救护，没有任何归依，没有任何可以投靠的地方，唯有正法（Dharma，佛法，真理）可以依靠。 大王！在那样的时刻，唯有正法能够成为救护，能够成为宫室，能够作为归依，是所奔赴的地方，是所投靠的地方，能够拔除众生，使之脱离生死之苦。 大王应当知道！譬如有人被寒冷所逼迫，只有温暖的火、阳光、衣服等，能够止息寒冷，使他获得安宁；被炎热所逼迫，只有树林、泉水等能够带来清凉；如果需要长途跋涉，只有清凉的树荫可以依靠；如果被口渴所逼迫，只有清凉的水可以解渴；如果被饥饿所逼迫，只有丰盛的美味佳肴可以充饥；如果被疾病所逼迫，只有良药和侍奉的人可以依靠；如果被恐惧所逼迫，只有强大的同伴可以依靠。同样的，大王！一切众生被死亡之箭射中，没有力气，没有救护，没有归依，没有可以投靠的地方，面临着舍弃生命、肢体解散的时候，血肉枯竭，心胸烦热恼闷，被焦渴逼迫而张口喘息，手脚纷乱无所适从，（重复前文）乃至在那个时候，唯有正法能够成为救护，能够成为宫室，能够作为归依，是所奔赴的地方，是所投靠的地方，能够拔除众生，使之脱离生死之苦。这是为什么呢？ 大王应当知道！这样的身体……
English
English version: His chest is hot and afflicted, tormented by thirst, he gasps for breath with his mouth open, his hands and feet are in disarray, unable to do anything, without any strength, saliva and mucus flow freely, excrement and urine soil his body, the six senses are blocked, his throat is choked, his breathing becomes increasingly rapid, even the best doctors give up, abandoning all miraculous medicines. All the delicious and precious foods he used to eat and drink are now abandoned. He lies on his bed, facing the prospect of going to another realm, sinking into the boundless cycle of rebirth, swallowed by the relentless torrent of birth, old age, sickness, and death. At the moment of death, with little life remaining, due to the power of karma, the next life appears before him. He is filled with great fear, the messengers of Yama-raja (the lord of death) appear, vast darkness swallows him. The outgoing breath exceeds the incoming breath, and life is about to end. He is utterly alone, without any companions, about to leave this life and return to the next. This is a great migration, going to a great forest, entering great darkness, wandering in a vast wilderness, floating on a great ocean, blown by the winds of karma, going to an unmarked, desolate place. At that time, there is no refuge, no reliance, no place to turn, except for the true Dharma (the teachings of the Buddha, the truth). O Great King! At that time, only the true Dharma can be a refuge, can be a palace, can be a reliance, the place to run to, the place to turn to, able to deliver beings from the suffering of birth and death. O Great King, you should know! For example, if someone is afflicted by the cold, only the warmth of fire, sunlight, clothing, etc., can stop the cold and bring him peace; if afflicted by the heat, only forests and springs can bring coolness; if needing to travel a long distance, only cool shade can be relied upon; if afflicted by thirst, only cool water can quench it; if afflicted by hunger, only abundant and delicious food can satisfy it; if afflicted by illness, only good medicine and attendants can be relied upon; if afflicted by fear, only strong companions can be relied upon. Likewise, O Great King! All beings are struck by the arrow of death, without strength, without refuge, without reliance, without a place to turn, facing the abandonment of life, the disintegration of limbs, the exhaustion of flesh and blood, the heat and affliction in the chest, gasping for breath with their mouths open due to thirst, their hands and feet in disarray, unable to do anything, (repeating the previous passage) even at that time, only the true Dharma can be a refuge, can be a palace, can be a reliance, the place to run to, the place to turn to, able to deliver beings from the suffering of birth and death. Why is this so? O Great King, you should know! This body is... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
，虽加守护虽久洗饰，虽以众多上妙饮食恣意饱满，及至临终，要当不免饥渴所逼而便舍命。 “大王当知！如是身者，虽常澡浴，涂香末香熏香花鬘随意严饰，由此自体秽漏成故，临舍命时，终必归于不净臭秽。 “大王当知！如是身者，虽以种种上妙衣服覆蔽缠裹，由此自身诸不净物所合成故，于命终时，要当不净种种流出。 “大王当知！如是身者，虽处宫室后妃婇女内官美人眷属围绕，作众伎乐种种倡伎，以自娱乐欢喜快乐，临命终时，自见恶相，要当惊怖忧悲苦恼。 “大王当知！如是身者，虽处宫室彩饰图画殿阁楼台，户牖轩窗重关密掩，种种香花以自严饰，种种灯烛增光照明，施设珍奇屏障帷幄，烧众名香散诸妙花，香花宝瓶处处陈列，安置种种金银琉璃众宝床座，敷设上妙氍氀锦绣文蓐花毡，床座两头俱置丹枕，覆以上妙绮帊锦衾，寤寐安寝欢娱耽着，于命终后无所觉知，或送尸骸置于葬所，乌鹊雕鹫狐狼野干，饿狗鸱枭诸恶禽兽争共食啖，骨肉脓血须发粪秽，流溢地上臭处可恶。 “大王当知！如是身者，先常乘驭香象骏马众宝辇舆，击鼓吹贝作大音乐，众宝伞盖随侍于后，执持扇拂掩映摇动，无量勇健象军马军车军步军导从前后，防卫左右百千臣僚竭诚敬奉，城 现代汉语译本：即使加以守护，即使长久洗涤装饰，即使用众多上妙的饮食随意饱满它，等到临终的时候，终究不能免除饥渴的逼迫而舍弃性命。 大王应当知道！这样的身体，即使经常洗澡，涂抹香末、熏香、花鬘，随意地装饰，由于自身秽漏的缘故，临舍弃性命的时候，终究必定归于不净臭秽。 大王应当知道！这样的身体，即使用种种上妙的衣服覆盖缠裹，由于自身由各种不净之物所合成的缘故，在命终的时候，必定有各种不净之物流出。 大王应当知道！这样的身体，即使身处宫室，有后妃、婇女、内官、美人等眷属围绕，演奏各种伎乐、种种歌舞，以此自我娱乐，欢喜快乐，临命终的时候，自己见到恶相，必定惊怖忧愁苦恼。 大王应当知道！这样的身体，即使身处宫室，用彩饰图画装饰的殿阁楼台，门户窗户重重关闭，用各种香花来装饰自己，用各种灯烛增加光亮照明，设置珍奇的屏障帷幕，焚烧各种名香，散布各种妙花，香花宝瓶处处陈列，安置各种金银琉璃众宝床座，铺设上妙的氍毹、锦绣文蓐、花毡，床座两头都放置丹枕，覆盖以上妙的绮帕锦衾，睡卧安寝，欢娱耽乐，在命终之后，就什么都不知道了，或者把尸骸送到葬所，乌鸦、喜鹊、雕、鹫、狐狸、豺狼、野狗、鸱枭等各种恶禽猛兽争相食啖，骨肉脓血、须发粪秽，流溢在地上，臭气熏天，令人厌恶。 大王应当知道！这样的身体，先前常常乘坐香象、骏马、众宝辇舆，敲鼓吹贝，演奏盛大的音乐，众宝伞盖在后面随侍，执持扇子拂尘掩映摇动，无数勇健的象军、马军、车军、步军导从前后，防卫左右，成百上千的臣僚竭诚敬奉，城