English
Therefore, by imparting the sacred advice, may all beings be freed from the distractions of this life, so that this precious leisure is not wasted, and may they return to the peaceful, secluded, and delightful solitary monasteries, to rest their minds, which have been wearied by the long cycle of existence, in a single lifetime. This is the instruction on the special place of rest, condensing the entire meaning of the chapter into a single moment of thought, showing renunciation of samsara. And, there also appears the dedication at the completion of the chapter. The remaining chapters should also be understood in this way. In the peaceful forest, where caves and medicinal herbs abound, the scenery is pleasant, flowers sway and dance, and the sound of flowing streams adorn the place. May this long-wearied mind rest unmoving and equanimous, and may this precious leisure become meaningful, thereby transforming the state. There, may unruly people not be seen, may afflictions be pacified, and may one possess the seven noble riches. Abandoning this body of flesh and blood, may the king of mind go to the primordial ground. From the Great Perfection, Mind at Rest, the commentary on the first chapter, "The Difficulty of Finding Leisure," is complete. Second, the chapter on the impermanence of life has five parts: a brief statement, a detailed explanation, advice to strive, a conclusion, and a dedication of the merit of the occasion. The first general meaning is a brief statement: Although it is difficult to obtain leisure, it is unreliable, so it is necessary to practice diligence. It is said: Even if you obtain this leisure which is difficult to find, it is momentary, impermanent, and of the nature of destruction. If you examine it, there is no essence, like a bubble, it is unreliable. Therefore, day and night, you must contemplate death. It is said that when you obtain leisure, there is not even a moment that can last forever, and like a banana tree, it is meaningless and cannot be measured by the mind. Like a water bubble, it appears as one for a while, but the limbs and parts will each break and separate, and you should examine it in this way. In particular, in the "Collection of Specially Spoken Words," it says: Alas! Conditioned things are impermanent, they arise and then perish. Since they arise and then perish, therefore, quickly pacifying is bliss. Like stars, dim lamps, illusions, dewdrops, water bubbles, like dreams, lightning, and clouds, the Buddha spoke of conditioned things as being like that. So it is said. The second general meaning
Chinese
关于详细的解释有十三点。第一点是，即使执着于身体，它也是无常的： 像这样不洁净且会变化，没有意义的身体，各自会分离且没有依靠。因此，放下对身体的执着，并劝告日夜专注于无常： 痛苦和不适是一切的根源， 烦恼的来源变得巨大的这个身体， 衣服、装饰、鲜花花环等覆盖着， 用美味的食物供养和尊敬， 最终也是无常的，会毁灭和分离， 成为狐狸、秃鹫、豺狼的食物。 放弃珍爱、执着常恒、清净的心， 现在就开始积累神圣的佛法吧！ 这样劝告说。 总是将自己的身体执着为“我”和“我的”，用食物和衣服供养， 顺应地进行侍奉。 即使别人稍微说一点不好的话也不高兴，会反驳并阻止伤害。 如寂天菩萨所说： “此身犹如暂时的幻影。” 就像这样，不知道死主何时会夺走， 身心分离时不会跟随， 而是留下来成为秃鹫、狗、狐狸、秃鹫等动物的食物。 看到为了珍爱这个身体而造恶是没有意义的， 像对待奴仆一样用于善行， 给予适当的食物和衣服作为报酬， 日夜精进于佛法才是合适的。 如经中所说： 在《教诫国王经》中说： 伟大的国王啊， 例如，从四个方向来的大山，坚固、稳定、具有核心， 没有损坏、没有破裂、非常坚硬， 没有空隙， 密集厚实，四个山峰接触天空并倾斜向地面，所有的草、树木、树胶、树枝和叶子， 以及所有的生物都被磨成粉末而来临， 无论是快速逃跑， 还是用力量阻止， 还是用财富贿赂， 还是用物品、咒语和药物来阻止， 都是不容易的。 伟大的国王啊， 同样，这四个巨大的恐惧也会到来， 对于它们，无论是快速逃跑， 还是用力量阻止， 还是用财富赎买， 还是用物品、咒语和药物来阻止， 都是不容易的。 四个是什么呢？ 衰老、 疾病、 死亡和 衰败。 伟大的国王啊， 衰老会摧毁青春年华
English
Regarding the detailed explanation, there are thirteen points. The first point is that even if you are attached to the body, it is impermanent: Like this impure and changing body, which has no essence, will separate and have no support. Therefore, let go of attachment to the body and advise to focus on impermanence day and night: Suffering and discomfort are the root of all things, This body, which has become a great source of afflictions, Is covered with clothes, ornaments, flower garlands, etc., And is offered and revered with delicious food, But in the end, it is impermanent, will perish and separate, And become food for foxes, vultures, jackals. Abandon the mind that cherishes, clings to permanence, and purity, And start accumulating sacred Dharma now! This is the advice. Always clinging to one's own body as "I" and "mine," offering it with food and clothing, Serving it accordingly. Even if others say something slightly bad, one is not happy, and will retort and prevent harm. As Shantideva said: "This body is like a temporary illusion." Just like that, not knowing when the Lord of Death will take it away, When the body and mind separate, it will not follow, But will remain to become food for vultures, dogs, foxes, vultures, etc. Seeing that there is no point in creating evil for the sake of cherishing this body, Use it for good deeds like a servant, Give appropriate food and clothing as reward, It is appropriate to strive for Dharma day and night. As it is said in the sutras: In the "Advice to the King Sutra," it says: Great King, for example, great mountains coming from four directions, solid, stable, with a core, Undamaged, unbroken, very hard, Without gaps, Dense and thick, the four peaks touching the sky and leaning towards the ground, all the grass, trees, gums, branches and leaves, And all living beings are ground into powder and come, Whether it is running away quickly, Or resisting with strength, Or bribing with wealth, Or preventing with objects, mantras and medicines, It is not easy. Great King, Similarly, these four great fears will come, For them, whether it is running away quickly, Or resisting with strength, Or redeeming with wealth, Or preventing with objects, mantras and medicines, It is not easy. What are the four? Aging, Sickness, Death, and Decay. Great King, Aging destroys youth
Chinese
树木会枯萎。疾病会摧毁健康。衰败会摧毁一切圆满。死亡会摧毁生命。对于这些，用快速逃离，或者用力量抵挡，或者用财富赎买，或者用物品、药物和咒语来平息，都不是容易的。大国王啊，比如，兽中之王狮子进入兽群中，抓住野兽，随心所欲地支配。那野兽因其强大的力量和难以忍受的威势而变得无能为力。大国王啊，同样，死主的使者以死亡的光芒照耀，与丰满分离，没有保护者，没有庇护，没有亲友，没有朋友。关节分离，血肉干枯，身体被疾病折磨，口渴难耐，容颜改变，手脚颤抖，无力工作，没有力量。口水、鼻涕、尿液和呕吐物沾污身体。眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、舌头、身体和意念的感官都停止运作。打嗝出现，发出粗重的声音。医生放弃了他。药物、食物、吃食和饮料都被浪费了。准备前往另一个世界，他躺在最后的床上。沉没在无始的出生、衰老和死亡的轮回中。生命只剩下一点点。被阎罗王恐吓。落入魔爪之中。呼吸停止。嘴和鼻子张开。牙齿紧咬。祈求布施，说要布施。从业力的存在进入另一个存在。独自一人，没有伴侣，没有朋友。抛弃这个世界。前往另一个世界。举起巨大的重担。进入巨大的黑暗。坠入巨大的悬崖。进入茂密的丛林。前往巨大的荒野。被巨大的海洋带走。被业力的风吹走。前往没有立足之地的方向。进入巨大的战场。被巨大的恶魔抓住。漂浮在空中。被父亲、母亲、兄弟姐妹、儿子和女儿包围。呼吸停止。说要分配财产。唉，父亲！唉，母亲！唉！
English
Trees wither. Disease destroys health. Decay destroys all perfections. Death destroys life. For these, it is not easy to escape by speed, or to resist by strength, or to redeem by wealth, or to pacify by objects, medicines, and mantras. Great King, for example, the lion, king of beasts, enters into a herd of deer, seizes the deer, and dominates as he pleases. That deer becomes powerless because of its great strength and unbearable power. Great King, likewise, illuminated by the messenger of death, he is separated from fullness, without protector, without refuge, without kin, without friends. Joints separate and break. Flesh and blood dry up. The body is afflicted by disease. Thirst is parched. The face changes. Limbs tremble. He is unable to work. There is no power. Saliva, mucus, urine, and vomit soil the body. The senses of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind cease. Hiccups arise. A harsh sound emerges. The doctor abandons him. Medicines, food, edibles, and drinks are all wasted. Preparing to go to another world, he lies on his final bed. He sinks into the cycle of beginningless birth, aging, and death. Life remains only a little. He is terrified by Yama. He falls into the power of demons. Breathing ceases. Mouth and nose gape open. Teeth clench. He pleads, saying to give alms. From the existence of karma, he enters another existence. Alone, without companion, without friend. He abandons this world. He goes to another world. He lifts a great burden. He enters a great darkness. He falls into a great precipice. He enters a dense thicket. He goes to a great wilderness. He is carried away by a great ocean. He is blown by the wind of karma. He goes to a direction without footing. He enters a great battlefield. He is seized by a great demon. He floats in the sky. He is surrounded by father, mother, siblings, sons, and daughters. Breathing ceases. They say to divide the wealth. Alas, father! Alas, mother! Alas!
Chinese
被称作儿子。 头发会掉落，当布施、苦行和佛法成为唯一的朋友时，除了佛法之外没有其他的救护，没有其他的怙主，没有其他的亲友。大国王，在那个时候，佛法会成为洲渚、住所、怙主和导师。大国王，在那样的时候，自己躺在床上，体验着来世的景象，堕入恶趣，那时会出现对处所的恐惧景象，那时没有任何不是佛法的东西可以成为救护。大国王，你这样完全守护的身体，完全良好地出生的身体，也会面临死亡的时刻。具备一切功德，长期食用和饮用等许多干净的食物而养育的身体，在最后的床上躺着的时候，会被医生抛弃，会被所有人嘲笑和抛弃，在不愉快中面临死亡的时刻。大国王，像这样你的身体被清洗和涂抹，用香熏熏，用香气扑鼻的鲜花装饰，但不可避免地会散发出难闻的气味。大国王，像这样用喀什米尔的丝绸和绸缎等精美服装覆盖，但在最后的床上躺着的时候，会穿着肮脏的衣服面临死亡的时刻，独自赤身裸体地离去。大国王，即使被各种各样的欲望所取悦，也会抛弃这一切，在没有满足欲望的情况下，面临死亡的时刻。大国王，像这样你在家中，拥有香、花、丝绸的床单、垫子和各种各样的衣服，躺在左右有枕头的床上，但不可避免地会被抛弃在充满乌鸦、狐狸和令人作呕的尸体的大墓地里，身体一动不动地躺在地上。大国王，像这样你骑着大象和马等，因美妙悦耳的各种音乐而高兴，举着旗帜和伞等，被国王、大臣和朋友们用甜美的话语赞美，被注视着前方而行进，但不久之后就会在床上死去，被四个人
English
Is called a son. The hair will fall out, and when only generosity, asceticism, and Dharma become friends, there is no other refuge than the Dharma, no other protector, no other ally. Great King, at that time, the Dharma will become an island, a dwelling, a protector, and a teacher. Great King, at such a time, while lying in bed, experiencing the visions of the afterlife and going to the lower realms, a fearful vision of the place will arise, and at that time, nothing other than the Dharma can become a refuge. Great King, this body of yours, so completely guarded, so well born, will also meet the time of death. Even having been nourished with all virtues and satisfied for a long time with many pure foods such as eating and drinking, when lying on the final bed, one will be abandoned by doctors, ridiculed and abandoned by all, and will meet the time of death unhappily. Great King, like this, your body is washed and anointed, fumigated with incense, adorned with fragrant flowers, but inevitably an unpleasant odor will arise. Great King, like this, even if covered with fine clothes such as Kashmiri silk and satin, when lying on the final bed, one will meet the time of death wearing dirty clothes, and will go alone, naked. Great King, even if delighted by various desirable qualities, one will abandon all that, and will meet the time of death without having been satisfied by desire. Great King, like this, you are in your house, possessing incense, flowers, silk sheets, cushions, and various clothes, lying on a bed with pillows on the left and right, but inevitably you will be abandoned in a great charnel ground filled with crows, foxes, and repulsive corpses, and your body will lie motionless on the ground. Great King, like this, you ride on the backs of elephants and horses, delighted by the sweet and pleasing varieties of music, raising banners and umbrellas, praised with sweet words by kings, ministers, and friends, and proceed while being watched from the front, but before long you will die in bed, and four people