Chinese
如是说：难以区分且是秘密，因为秘密地修持才宣说，所以那之后被称为真言。如同所说，为了成就秘密的悉地而宣说的秘密语，诸天和魔障等也不能念诵，是不可分割的特征的印，秘密地在口中赞颂和宣说，因此称为秘密真言。此的作用是，在相和无相的所有三摩地都在相续中生起，以及诸天等所有有相的化身的所有种子，以及缘起的作为和共同与殊胜的悉地所包含的一切愿望都能成就和获得，以及成为法的印，使诸天欢喜，因为具有这样的力量，如同如意宝珠一样成就一切利益，而且诸天自身化现为秘密真言的形象并加持，也如此宣说。对于这样的情况，还有其他的考察，将在手印的章节中详细说明。所谓手印，是指成为代表诸大士的身语意的象征，由此传递无相之义，并且诸大士的身语意也用手印这个词来称呼。所代表的手印也具有代表的四种特征，即成为诸大士的象征，任何人都不能超越和破坏，只有法王才能拥有，不是共同的，并且能够成就一切佛的事业。还有三种，即成为法界完全清净，成为大智慧的影像，成为代表无边解脱之门的处所，是一切事业和悉地。那么，为什么称为手印呢？称为穆扎（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思）。穆扎（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思）那达穆扎（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思），因为印上和代表，所以称为手印。印在何处，如何印呢？从外道瑜伽的观点来看，如同国王的自智增长，如同建立国王的宫殿，诸大士有相的形象，同样印在所有众生身上，如是说。
English
It is said, "Difficult to distinguish and is secret. Because it is spoken for the sake of accomplishing secretly, therefore it is called mantra." As it is said, the secret words spoken for the sake of accomplishing secret siddhis, which even gods and obstacles cannot recite, are the seal of indivisible characteristics, secretly praised and spoken in the mouth, therefore it is called secret mantra. Its function is to generate all samadhis with and without signs in the continuum, and all the seeds of all the manifestations of signs of all the gods and so on, and all the desired meanings included in the actions of conditions and common and supreme siddhis are accomplished and obtained, and becoming the seal of the Dharma, it pleases the gods. Because it has such power, it accomplishes all benefits like a wish-fulfilling jewel, and the gods themselves manifest as the form of secret mantras and bless them, so it is also said. For such a situation, there are other considerations, which will be explained in detail in the chapter on mudras. The so-called mudra refers to becoming a symbol representing the body, speech, and mind of the great beings, through which the meaning of the signless is transmitted, and the body, speech, and mind of the great beings themselves are also referred to by the word mudra. The representing mudra also has four characteristics of representation, namely, becoming a symbol of the great beings, which cannot be surpassed or destroyed by anyone, which can only be possessed by the Dharma king, which is not common, and which can accomplish all the deeds of the Buddha. There are also three, namely, becoming the completely pure realm of Dharma, becoming the image of great wisdom, becoming the place representing the infinite gate of liberation, which is all actions and siddhis. So, why is it called mudra? It is called Mudra (藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思). Mudra (藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思) nada Mudra (藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，汉语字面意思), because it is imprinted and represents, it is called mudra. Where and how is it imprinted? From the perspective of external yoga, just as the king's self-awareness increases, just as the king's palace is built, the form of the great beings with signs is similarly imprinted on all beings, as it is said.
Chinese
哦，我的，据说要用神的名号来封印。伟大的瑜伽之法中说：一切万物皆如此封印。如是说，认为胜乐金刚的印超越了其他幻化的印。为何要封印呢？因为如来与一切众生无别，菩提心大乐安住于心，为了获得大自在，为了精勤于此众生之利益而封印，这是内道的观点。另一种解释是，母扎啦那是母扎啦，因为生起喜悦所以称为印。按照外道行为和瑜伽的观点，印也与女性的象征相关联，是诸佛母隐藏的身躯。如果向某人展示此印，据说会以誓言的本质生起喜悦。按照伟大的瑜伽之法，女性本身也被称为印。如此，印被称为女性，这两者在生起喜悦的特性上没有本质的区别。然而，在世间，取地上的尘土和地上的住所之相，执取微细和清净的行持，以及粗糙和污秽的行持，这仅仅是展示而已。此外，母（mu）是解脱，达（da）是束缚，通过自我和他人束缚和解脱的行为，或者从各自的束缚中解脱出来的行为，因此，以束缚和解脱的意义称为印。又，母（mu）是伟大，达（da）是摧毁，摧毁对伟大意义造成障碍的事物，或者摧毁变成巨大障碍的不可摧毁的大城市，因为摧毁所以称为印。如果将三个字母分开解释，母（mu）是母拉（mula），意思是根，如果用印来守护，誓言就不会衰退，所以称为誓言的根。达（da）是黑度（hetu），如果用头饰等来加持，就会变得有力量，所以称为灌顶之因。拉（ra）是思提拉（sthira），意思是坚固，如果用印来加持，身体就会变得坚固，不会被障碍等所动摇，为了使身体坚固所以称为印。如是说。
English
O! It is said that one should seal with the name of the deity in suchness. In the manner of great yoga, it is said: "Thus seal all things." It is considered that the spontaneously accomplished mudra is superior to other illusory mudras. Why seal? Because the Sugata and all beings are inseparable, the great bliss of bodhicitta abides in the heart, and for the sake of attaining great power and for the sake of those who strive for the benefit of beings, one seals, according to the inner tradition. In another way, mudra is that which delights, hence it is called a seal. According to the external practices and yoga, the seal is also associated with the symbol of the feminine. The goddesses are the hidden bodies. If this is shown to someone, it is said that joy arises from the very nature of the samaya. According to the great yoga tradition, woman herself is referred to as a seal. Thus, the seal is referred to as woman, and there is no essential difference in the characteristic of generating joy in these two. However, in the world, taking the form of earth and dwelling on the earth, practicing the subtle and pure, and practicing the coarse and impure, it is merely a demonstration. Furthermore, 'mu' means liberation, and 'da' means binding. By the act of binding and liberating oneself and others, or by the act of liberating from individual bonds, it is called a seal because of the meaning of binding and liberation. Also, 'mu' means great, and 'da' means destroying, destroying what obstructs the great meaning, or destroying the great indestructible city that has become a great obstacle, it is called a seal because of destroying. If the three letters are explained separately, 'mu' is mula, meaning root. If the seal is protected, the samaya will not degenerate, so it is called the root of the samaya. 'Da' is hetu, if adorned with a headdress, etc., one becomes powerful, so it is called the cause of empowerment. 'Ra' is sthira, meaning stable. If the body is blessed with the seal, the body becomes stable and cannot be shaken by obstacles, etc., so it is called a seal because it makes the body stable. Thus it is said.
Chinese
萨瓦。这是誓言的根本，头饰的束缚是原因中的殊胜。因为谁的身体完全稳固，所以称为手印。如是说。这是手印总体的定义。分类是：从所象征和能象征的角度进行分类的话，分为誓言、法、业和大手印，这是从所象征的角度进行安立的。自性成就的手印，或者被称为业手印，指的是女性的身体。智慧手印，指的是由意幻化的天女。大手印，指的是法界无相。这些是从所象征的角度进行安立的。其中，各自的定义是：誓言手印，或者说誓言，是伟大自性者们的意密智慧。手印是成为其象征的那些，因此，这是在相互不同的意义上进行解释的。或者，因为它具有不违越天神的特征的誓言，所以这两者被解释为法和有法。又，任何是手印，那也是不违越的特征，所以被称为那样，被解释为同一自性。像这样，对于法手印等也应类推。其他的分类还有无相手印和有相手印，或者如所称的那些手印，以及任运成就的手印，或者被称为普贤的手印，这些也应按照各自经典的语言进行分类。为什么伟大自性者们要在续部中开示手印呢？为了成办佛的事业，即使是佛也更加着重开示手印。咒语和手印这两种形式，虽然显示为一者所遍及，但稍微的差别是，手印主要着重于形象的象征，而秘密咒语主要着重于语言的真实语来显示。这二者，也显示了由于经典和个人各自的分别念的力量，而应用于多种考察方式。其中，第一个是异熟的身语的差别。
English
Sawa. This is the root of samaya. The binding of the head ornament is the best of causes. Because whose body is completely stable, it is called a mudra. So it is said. This is the general definition of mudra. The divisions are: If divided from the perspective of what is symbolized and what symbolizes, then the divisions into samaya, dharma, karma, and mahamudra are established from the perspective of what symbolizes. The mudra that is naturally accomplished, or what is known as the karma mudra, refers to the body of a woman. The wisdom mudra refers to the goddess emanated by the mind. The mahamudra refers to the dharmadhatu, which is without characteristics. These are established from the perspective of what is to be symbolized. Among these, the respective definitions are: The samaya mudra, or samaya, is the secret wisdom of the great beings' minds. The mudra is that which has become its symbol. Therefore, this is explained in terms of mutually different meanings. Or, because it possesses the samaya of the characteristic of not transgressing the deity, these two are explained as dharma and the possessor of dharma. Also, whatever is a mudra, that itself is also the characteristic of not transgressing, so it is called that, and it is explained as being of one nature. In this way, it should also be applied to the dharma mudra and so forth. Other divisions include the mudra without characteristics and the mudra with characteristics, or those mudras that are known as such, and the spontaneously accomplished mudra, or the mudra known as Samantabhadra, these should also be divided according to the language of their respective texts. Why did the great beings reveal the mudras in the tantras? In order to accomplish the deeds of the Buddha, even the Buddhas especially emphasized the mudras. Although these two forms, mantra and mudra, are shown to be pervaded by one, the slight difference is that the mudra mainly emphasizes the symbolic form, while the secret mantra mainly emphasizes the true words of speech to reveal it. Both of these are also shown to be applied to various ways of examination due to the power of the respective conceptualizations of the texts and individuals. Among these, the first is a distinction of the differentiated body and speech of maturation.
Chinese
可以进行这样的考察。同样，第二种考察是，（这些标记）是诸佛的身语意之象征。第三种考察是，这些标记本身具有获得事业和成就的能力。第四种考察是，这些标记是如来加持的神变，以及业力所显现的景象二者混合显现的。第五种考察是，这些具有加持的标记，被具誓者视为本尊。第六种考察是，诸佛的广大智慧，以慈悲和愿力的力量，加持并转变为标记。例如，由于习气的力量，心性显现为境和身。应当了解，在这些方式中，最殊胜的是第六种。三摩地是指，在密咒的语境中，修持本尊瑜伽。也就是说，法界完全清净，以及对意义毫不颠倒的智慧，以及凭借这些而显现的、具有形象之身的部分，被称为本尊。对于这样的意义，心专注于一境的特征就是三摩地。因此，无论是心专注于无相之义，还是专注于有相之义，都是成就事业和成就的主要原因。如果总结有相瑜伽的意义，可以归纳为加持瑜伽、遍计瑜伽和圆满瑜伽三种。这三种瑜伽，在一个本尊的瑜伽中也可能全部具备，但各个续部的宗义，则认为所缘各不相同。其中，加持瑜伽是指，以本尊的真如加持和摄受自我的真如，就像将点金术的药涂在铁上一样，使其转变。遍计瑜伽是指，就像将黄金等物充分熔化后制作成雕像等物一样，认为从清净的菩提心生起色身。
English
Such an examination can be made. Similarly, the second examination is that (these marks) are symbols of the body, speech, and mind of all Buddhas. The third examination is that these marks themselves have the power to attain activities and accomplishments. The fourth examination is that these marks are a manifestation of the blessings of the Tathagatas, and the appearance of the two mixed appearances due to the power of karma. The fifth examination is that these blessed marks are regarded as deities by those who have vows. The sixth examination is that the great wisdom of all Buddhas, through the power of compassion and aspiration, is blessed and transformed into marks. For example, due to the power of habit, the nature of mind appears as objects and bodies. It should be understood that among these methods, the most excellent is the sixth. Samadhi refers to the practice of deity yoga in the context of mantra. That is, the completely pure Dharmadhatu, and the wisdom that is not inverted in meaning, and the part of the form body that appears by virtue of these, are called deities. The characteristic of focusing the mind on one point for such a meaning is samadhi. Therefore, whether the mind is focused on the meaning of the formless, or focused on the meaning of the formed, it is said to be the main cause of accomplishing activities and accomplishments. If the meaning of yoga with signs is summarized, it can be summarized into three types: blessing yoga, conceptual yoga, and perfect yoga. These three yogas may all be present in one deity yoga, but the tenets of each tantra hold that the objects of focus are different. Among them, blessing yoga refers to the fact that the true nature of the deity blesses and subdues the true nature of the self, just like applying alchemical medicine to iron, transforming it. Conceptual yoga refers to the idea that just as statues and other objects are made by fully melting gold and other materials, the form body arises from the pure Bodhicitta.