English
And when the throne of Delhi by the accession of Sultan Shamsu-d-din Altamsh received eclat in the year G22 •• A.H., the latter marched with his forces to Beluir, and invaded Lakhnauti. Sultan Ghiasu-d-din not finding strength in himself to stand an encounter, presented to the Emperor thirty-eight elephants, eighty thousand rupees, together with various valuables and other presents, and enlisted himself amongst the adherents of the Emperor. Sultan Shamsu-d-din Altamsh introducing there the Khutbah and the coin iu his own name and bestowing on his eldest son the title of Sultan Nasiru-d-dim and entrusting to him the rule over the kingdom of Lakhnauti, and presenting to him the royal umbrella and staff, himself returned to the metropolis of Delhi. Sultan Ghiasu-d-din was just and liberal, and the period of his rule was twelve years. -o - RULE OF SULTAN NASIRU-D-DiN, SON OF SULTAN SHAMSU-D-DIN ALTAMSH, EMPEROR OF DELHI. Sultan Nasiru d-din succeeded to the rule of Bengal. After the return of Sultan Shamsu-d-din Altamsh towards Delhi, Ghiasu-d-din who had gono towards the kingdom of Kamrup, returning, raised the standard of revolt. Saltan Nasiru-d-din killed him afte" a bloody engagement, and obtaining much booty sent many valuables and presents of this country to many of his acquaintances at Delhi, and for three years and some months he continued to rule over Bengal. In the year 026 A.H., at Lakhnauti, he tasted the untasty lotion of death.* And Husslimu-d-dinKhilji 1 His body was brought to Delhi, and enshrined by the loving father m ft beautiful mausoleum (known ns the mausoleum of Sullln Gh0, "bon three miles west of the celebrated Qulb Minar. '*'™*°* . flie mausoleum, Nasirnddm is entitled “Emperor of the Eas,, Malik ul Mafuk-ul-Sharq.” Emperor Altamsh so much loved the memory -on <2 Kin, of Bang,!) that he b,.to.e,l h.. - r ie Nasirnddm) on his (Emperor’s) yonnger son who afterwards monn 1 ‘Vm..* of Delhi after whom Tabaqat-i-Na?iri is named. 11,9 ? n M..ik am- The correct nnnre P P .™ I; d ^rc 0 r ~.e in hi. "Initial Coinage o, Ben,.-" oot,ce. 73 who was one of the nobles of Md. Bakhtiar succeeded to the rule of Bengal. RULE OF ‘ ALAU-D-DlN CTAN. When Saltan Shamsu-d-din Altamgh heard the news of the death of his beloved son, he observed the necessary ceremonies of monrning, and in the year 627 A. H. for the purpose of quench¬ ing the fire of insurrection which had appeared ip Bengal after the death of Nasiru-d-din, proceeded to LaWjnauti, and after fighting with Malik Hnssamu-d-diu Kbilji, who raising insurrec¬ tion had brought about complete disorder in the government of Bengal, captured him. After weeding out the root of insurrec* tion, and quelling the tumult of rebellion, he assigned the rule of that kingdom to Izzul-mulk Malik ‘Alau-d-din Khan. 1 And the latter devoting himself to the subjugation and administration of the country enforced in this country the Imperial Khutbah and coin. After ruling three years, he was recalled. RULE OF SA1FU-D-DIN TURK.* After supercession of Izzu-l-raulk ‘Alan-d-din, Saifu-d-Uln Turk received the Royal patent of Viceroyalty of Bengal. He. a coin of Donlat Shah strode iu 627 A.H. To pnt down Doulat ghnh, Emperor Altamsh personally invuded Bengal for the second time in 627 A. H., defeated Donlat Shnh or Ikhtiaruddin Balka, and entrusted the government of Bengal to Alauddin Khan or Alauddin Jam. (Tabaqnt-i-Najiri, Pers. text, p. 174). 1 In Budoni, “Malik Alauddin Khafi, ” in Tabaqat-i-Na?iri “Alanddin Jani.” After his first invasion of Bengal, in 022 A.H., Saltnn ghamsuddin Altamsh separated Belter from Bengal, which wa9 under Sultan Ghiaanddin and left Alauddin Jani as its Governor. On Altamsh’s withdrawal, Saltan Ghiasuddin wrested Behar again from Alauddin Jani, and hence the second invasion of Bengal by Emperor Altamsh’s son. 8 The following account of him is abridged by me from Tabaqat.i-Na?iri, tho nearest contemporary account (Pers. text, p. 238)" Malik Saifnddin Aibak Ighantat was a Turk of Khata; he wns a noble Malik, and was endowed with excellent qualities. Saltan Nrijiruddin Mahmud, King of Bengal, (son of Emperor Altamsh), purchased him, and kept him in his company, first appointing him as Amir-nl-Majlia (Lord Chamberlain) and then conferring on him the fief of Sarsati. Subsequently, for his good services, he was appointed Governor of Behar, and next promoted to the 10 74 too, occupied the Viceregal throne for three yearn, when he died of poison. RULE OS' lZZU-D-DlN TUQHAN KHAN. 1 Since the juggling sky at that time had thrown the reins of Viceroyalty of Bengal (Lakhnauti), when Alaaddin Jani, the Bengal Viceroy, was recalled. He captured several elephants in Vilayet-i-Bang (East Bengal), sent them as presents to tho Delhi Emperor (Shamsuddin Altamsh) and received the title of Ighantat. 1 The following account of him is summarised by me from Tabaqat-i- Nasiri, the nearest contemporary account (Pers. text, p. 242);—Malik Tughan Khan Turki was comely in appearance, and noble in heart. He hailed from Khata. He was liberal and generous, endowed with noble qualities ; in liberality and generosity, and in conciliating and winning over people, he had no match in the army. When the Snljin (Emperor Altamsh) purchased him, he first became the Royal cup-bearer, next he was appointed Secretary and Keeper of the Imperial Seal (Dawat Dar). He lost the Imperial jewelled ink-pot, and was degraded to the office of Chashmgir (a taster to a prinoe), and after a long time, was appointed Superintendent of the Imperial stables (Amir-i-Akhur); and after some time, was appointed feudatory of Badaon, and next appointed Governor of Debar, when Lakhnauti (Bengal) was conferred on Ighantat Saifuddin Aibak. At, leugth when ui uddin died, Tughan ^in was appointed to the vacant Bengal (Lakhnauti) Viceroyalty. After the death of Suljin Ni?iruddin Mahmud (son of Emperor Altamsh, and Viceroy of Bengal), between Tughan Khan and ^ e . feu ^^j V Lakhnauti named Laker Aibak, who enjoyed tho title of Aar Khan .ll-feeh,g broke out. Tughan Khan fought with Laker Aibak before the fort of Basankot, close to Lakhnauti, defeated and killed the latterand subdu d both wings of Lakhnauti, one being in Radh on tho side of La -or■ (pro Nugor) and the other being in Barand, on the side of DookoL M th- time, Empress Rnzinli ascended the Imperial throne ° e ’’ t imperial Z n sent eavoys with presents to Delhi, and received "turn^ nr per. a. SLte sent in charge of Qazi Jallaluddin. Tughan lUbhuauti to Tirhut district, and acquired much booty of When Sultan Muixoddin Bahram SliSh ascended the. Impe ^ Delhi Toghan Khan sent the former also presents. When © H B*— Holla' Manikpor, and Karah and cast eye. on the „„ d to tarn Khin went to Karah and Manikpur, COn0, ""‘* B *‘*^„ t .i.N.,iri), him back), and in Ondl, met Minim,c-.-Sua,, (author * (hU tinl0 and with the latter went back to Lakbnant, in 041 A^H. tho Rajah of J.jaagar (Oriaa.) commuted do P? dat “” (Mi „l,njo. Tughnn Khtn that year, by way o ropnl. Vktaaaa, d-Siraj accompanying him) and reached and stormed the h *75 the empire of Delhi into the hauds of Sultan Raziah , 1 daughter of Sultau Shamsu-d-din Altatnsji, during her reign, the Viceroyalty which is on the (hiss - * frontier. Fighting ensued, and the Musalmans were defeated. Taghan Khan returned to Lakhnaati, sent Sharfa-l-mulk Ashari to the Emperor of Delhi, to seek for help. Under Emperor’s order, a large army led by Tamar Khan Qararuddin Qiran, feudatory of Oadh was sent to Lakhnaati, in order to repel and chastise the infidels of Jnjuagar (Orissa) The Rajah of Jajuagar invaded Lakhnaati, owing to Musalmans in the previous expedition having demolished the Orissa fort of Katasan (or Faktasan). The Orissaus first took Lakor (probably Nagor), and slaughtered a large body of Mnsalinans including the Command¬ ant of Lakor, named Fakhrul Mnlk Karimnddin, and then approached the gate of Lakhnaati, bat after fighting retreated. Then between Toghan Kh an and Tamar Kh an ill-feeling ensued, and they fought against each other, and on both sides many were killed. By tho intercession of Minhsiju-s-Siraj (author of Tabaqat-i-Nnsiri) peace was brought about between tho two,' on condition that Lakhnaati would be loft to Tamar Khan, and Tagh'.n Khan with his treasures and elephants aud effects would retire to Delhi. Tughan did so (in his company being Minhaju- s-Siraj); tho Emperor loaded him with presents, bestowed ou him the Governorship of Oadh, whilst Tamar Khan held the Bongal Vioeroyalty. On the same night, both died, Tamar Khan at Lakhnauti, and Taghan in Oudh ! ” It would appear from the above that tho iuvasion of Bengal by Mnghals nuder Cbangiz Khan referred to in the text, is a myth and a mistake for tho invasion of Lakhnaati by the Hindus of Jajnngar (Orissa). The mistake is repeated in nany histories, but Tabaqat’a account is tho most reliable, as its author was au eye-witness of the affair. 1 The daugiter of Emporor Altams]*. named Raziah, ascended the throne of Delhi in accordance with her father’s wishes iu C34 A.H. (1236 A.C.) The sight of an unveiled Moslem Empress seated on tho Imperial throne of Delbt, struck all Indo-Moslem eyes in thoso days as a carious phenomenon, and henco our author's expression, 11 Juggling sky.” She reigned for three years from 1236 A.C. to 1239 A.C. According to Badaoni, the Empress was endowed with exoellont qualities, and was brave, generous and intelligent. She followed the path of equity and the principles of J'-tattoo, aud set in order the affairs which had remained in con¬ fusion daring the brief reign of her step-bkother Fultin Ruknaddin Firnz Shah.