English
A passage for editorial review. A DIALOGUE OF TUK KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUPREME LORD, IN WHICH ABE C03IPABED THE CLAIMS OF CHEI8TIANITY AND HINDIJISM, AND VAUIOUS QUESTIONS OF INDIAN RELIGION AND LITERATUKE FAIBLY DISCUSSED. li BftvUnt in tos, qui nesdant, qoanto Ubore VeritM Mquiritnr.— 5t Augmsiine. Cum honilneii DEUM quonmt .... fiadlliine debcnt Ignosoere errantlbus in tanti inve^igatione ScretL-/(2. CAMBRIDGE : DEIGHTON, BELL AND Ca LONDON: BELL AND DALDY. 1856. /4/. J,. J4l. TO JOHN MUIR, ESQUIRE, LATE OF THE BENGAL aVIL SERVICE. THIS BOOK PROMPTED BY HIS MUNIFICENCK. AND AIDKD BT HIS SUGGESTIONS, IS INSCRIBED BY tHE AUTHOR. .■ .. IN TOKEN OF HIGH RBGARD- A)U> Efft^M. '•^'i : -■'■•.?■ AND IN HUMBLE HOPE t^FilfS .PKOMOTINO FAITH IN GOD. AND GOODWILL A3I0NGST MEN. ClIUBIDOB, A.n. 1847. LAVrKTsa, a.ik 18BflL VI CONTENTS. CHAPTER III. WHAT THE SAIVA VEDANTIST THINKS. rA(.K I'AGK Yedantine Remarks . 68 Kflations and Tinpn.'flHionH . 89 Heterodoxy of l^nkhya 69 Matter — Int!llfct — Humjinity — Pr&criti — Creation — ^Castc . 70 Deity— Spirit 90 Vodic Deities . . . . 71 Deity — Spirit — Tjilwration . 9' Siva and the Vedas 75 Highest Liberation 92 Multiform Unity 76 TniURHiigration .... 9.^ Hindu Quietism 77 Dfity and World 94 llicanthropuim . . . . 78 Conceptions of Soul . 9.S Beatitude 79 A1>Htnu.'t or Personal . 96 Caste — Accommodation . 80 Subject— Objoot—Aj,ri!nt—Kffect 97 Unity of Soul • . . . . 81 Comprehension of OppositL'U 98 Soul and Life , 82 Phenomenal Nature — Divine Identity in Change . 83 Thinking . . . . 99 I>eity in all . 84 Vdch — Logos .... 100 Though Consciousness repugnant - 85 Divine Outflha< lowing lOI The Three Qualities . . 86 Apparent InconsiHtencies . 101 'hi^yd — Illusion . . 87 Siva — Revolution •03 Mtfyi — Divine Energy . 88 Note 104 CHAPTER IV. now CHABVACAS MAY BE REFUTED. Approximation of Systems . 105 Objections of Materialist .106 Cavils 107 Difficulties 108 Obscurity alleged . . .110 Physical Influences . . .111 Body — Spirit — Synthesis — Na- turalism . . . .Ill Christian Premises . • X13 Sensation and Judgment • 114 Laws of Thought . .115 ^nth of Numbers .116 Mathematics • 117 Truth procreative . .118 Forethought in Creation .119 Atomical Combination . 1 20 Natural Laws— Divine Thoughts x 7 1 Mind of Man Distinctness of Mind Desire and Volition . Strife of the Inner Man Affections or Passions Better Affections Keligious Instincts Conscience Presentiment of Futurity . Devout Experience Betjuiremeuts of Humanity Inference of Divine Object . Necessity of PoHitivo Olyect Whether Analogue to Mind or Bixiy Possibly Transcendent 122 123 125 126 127 128 129 X33 X34 136 X38 139 140 141 Yet Mental, rather than ^laterial 142 CONTENTS, Vll Moral Witness from Habit Moral Govenimcnt clear — if ^letaphjsics doubtful Metaphysical Hypothesis — Reli- gious Need .... Inference of Ultimate Being Attributes of Highest Being PAOK M3 144 M5 146 147 The Positive and the Mystical Mysticism and Scepticism . Creation and Emanation . Presentiment with Piety . Religion exalting Instinct . Illustrations PAOl 148 149 150 151 5S CHAPTER V. CRITICISM OF HINDU SYSTEMS, PARTICULARLY THE BAUDDHA AND THE SANKHYA. S^khyast Indifference Vedautist 8 Apathy . Aliments for Inquiry Truth and Sentiment . Unity of Truth— Hindd Pre- diction Worth of Probabilities Aspects of Buddhism Difficulties of Buddhism Unsatisfactory Miracles Tradition and Inspiration The Odyssey in Ceylon Sdkya — Bauddha Scriptures Buddhism hardly Original S^nkhya Psychology . Resurrection and Immortality Responsibility — Seat of Agency . 1 69 Soul and Deity partly Correla- tives Motives of Creator . Law, Thought, Chance, Idea, Mind — Moral Fitness . Moral Governor — Causes of In- consistency Refining Subtlety — Vastness of Scale 175 More Worlds, more Signs of God 1 76 Infinity, Infinite Mind . • 177 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 ]68 170 171 172 174 (( Igno- Divine Attributes Transcendency . . Hindd Passiveness Why not Activity? . Activity of Intelligence Divine Retribution . What is Creation by ranee " I . • S^khya Defect of Science Soul and World not accounted for . Theory of Causation imperfect The Causer of Causes Cause and Causer. Making and Maker . . . Divine Design, and Difficulty EvU . Extenuations of Evil . Variety of Relation, Shortcoming Perversion . Evil of Things Negative — Good Positive Carnivorous Creation . Conjectures . . Moral Evil Positive . Evil in Free Agents • Evil remedial Note of 178 179 180 181 189 183 186 187 188 189 190 191 194 193 194 95 196 197 198 199 100 101 Vlll I'ONTIiXTS. CHAin'ER VI. ITRTIIER CRmi'ISMS OF lllXDr SYSTKMS, PAKTRTLARLY OF THE VE- DAXTIXK — nKSir.N MOHAL tUiVKKXMEXT — XEED OK HOPEFVI^ X^>{8 PAXTIIEISM AXI> mOLATRY — TWO ASPECTS UF OXE EVIL. Final CaiiHt*}* ( I moral TyiKM . S|Hvial ami (iriu'ml . Sptvial, n'lativi' to Man (loni-ral, nuNlitittl jmvuU ntially Analo^' of Pot tor T}'ino:l Iiloas — I'nit}- of Life Splioro of Final CausoH E!cci*])tions General Providence . Joint Working of Man Divine Will nelf-conscioufl . VedKntine Spirit ami Letter ^V1lCther Material or Spiritual . 202 . 20;, . 304 . 205 . 20r . 20S . 309 . 3 10 . 211 . 212 . 215 . 216 . 217 . 218 Wi'iikoninj: of IndiviJaality Voiliintiiu* Corrospondoncies A CnMlogioal ProkHbility . CloarvT Traces of 1 )osi|:n . Sliaili)im'.S! of I'antlieism Ti mptations of PantlK-ism Mitral Wwikness of lliuiluiitm Doctrinal Wants InoonsistencioA SiK'ial Shortcomings Sins of India I Neetl of a truer Religion . >Mi ether truer to Intuition, by Proof . or PAUI 219 221 222 224 5 25 226 227 228 229 530 3i 232 CHAPTER VII. OUTLINTS OF IXDIAX CIIROXOLOGY. ObHticles to the DisouRsion . 235 Moral Preliminaries . • -34 Use of external History . -535 National Accuracy . . -537 Wonders, and Goodness . '238 Early Hindd Chronology cxtni- vagant .... 239 Pcrioil of ancient Dynasties . .240 Ancittut Dynasties . . . 24 2 Chandragupta .... 244 Asoca — Vicram<(ditya . . 245 Vicrarndditya's Era . . . 246 Nandas 247 Andhras 248 Bauddha Chronology . •249 Dynasties lK>fore Chandragupta . 250 liagadha Princes • 25 1 Sabatl^va to Kipungaya . •252 Date of Mahublu'iratA . '553 Traditional Dawn of Hindu His- tory 254 Age of obscure Empires . -555 Families of Nations . . .256 Comparative Chronology . •257 Greek Analogies . . . 259 Historical Scepticism . .260 Foreign Influences . . .261 Brahmanism whether Ancient . 263 Keply to Extreme Scepticism . 264 Signs of Indian Antiquity . 266 Notwithstanding Obscurities . 267 Leading Dates .... 268 Dates B. c. of early Indian and other History, Literature, &c 269 CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER VIII. HINDU LITERATLTIE CLASSIFIED AND POUND WANTING. Hindu Literature Lateness of the Pur^nas Gradual Growth of Vedaa . Atharva-Veda . Epic Poems Code of Manu . Sdnkhja Speculation Earlier and later Veddnta . Age of the Veclas Changes of Indian Society Developments of Speculation Brahmanism Priesthood — Caste — Manu Steps of Development PAOK • ^73 . ^74 • 275 . 176 • 277 . 178 . 279 . 380 . 281 . 283 . 283 . 284 . -285 . 286 PAOB The Two Epics (Itihiisas), Drama 287 Knowledge an<i Worship — Ethics 288 Purifying of Worship Vedinta and Vcdas . Buddha and Brahmanism . Course of Buddhism Three Stages of Hinddism Literal Immutability fails . Theory of Divine Development Present Inconsistencies Inherent Persuasiveness Internal Failure of Hindtiism Shortcomings . . . Critical Authorities . 289 igo 291 292 293 297 998 299 300 301 302 303 CHAPTER IX. HEBREW HISTORY AND CHRISTIANITY. Nature of Persuasives Supposed Analogy Nature of Prophecy — essential and accidental . Parsfs. Gipsies. Hebrews Abraham. Israel Mosaic Law Spirit, Letter, Priesthood . Hebrew Prophecy Predication and Prediction Anticipation of better Kingdom The King to come Jewish Nationality . Jewish Literalism Christian Spiritualism Body and Soul Historical Tendency, Divine De- sign .