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A son of >S'atru-ghna and king of Mathura. SU-BALA. I. A king of Gandhara, father of Gandhari, wife of DhWta-rash^Jra. 2. A mountain in Lanka on which Hanuman alighted after leaping over the channel. SU-BHADRA. Daughter of Yasu-deva, sister of KWsh?^a, and wife of Arjuna. Bala-rama, her elder brother, wished to give her to Dur-yodhana, but Arjuna carried her off from Dwaraka at Knsh??a's suggestion, and Bala-rama subsequently acquiesced in their union. She was mother of Abhimanyu. She appears especially as sister of K?*ish?za in his form Jagan-natha, and according to tradition there was an incestuous intimacy between them. When the car of Jagan-natha is brought out the images of Su-bhadra and Bala-rama accompany the idol, and the inti- macy of Jagan-natha and Su-bhadra is said to provoke taunts and reproaches. aS^UBHANGI 'Fair-limbed.' An epithet of Rati, wife of Kama, and of Yakshi, wife of Kuvera. SU-BHANU. Son of Krish?ia and Satya-bhama. u 3o5 SU-B ODHINI—SUHMA. SU-BODHIXL A commentary by Yisweswara Blia//a on the law-book called Mitaksliara. SU-BKAHMAi\^YA. A name of Karttikeya, god of war, used especially in the South. See Karttikeya. SU-CHAEU. A son of KfisliTia and Eukmi?ii. SU-DAR>SAjS"A a name of Kr/sh?ia's chakra or discus weapon. See Yajra-nabha. SUDAS. a king who frequently appears in the i?/g- veda, and at whose court the rival ^I'shis Yasish/ha and Yiswamitra are represented as living. He was famous for his sacrifices. SU-DESHXA. Son of K?7'shwa and Rukmi?ii, ,S'U-DESHiSrA. 'Good-looking.' i. Y^ife of the Raja of Yira/a, the patron of the disguised Pa?zf/avas, and mistress of Draupadi. 2. Also the wife of Balin. SU-DHARMA, SU-DHARMAK The hall of Indra, " the unrivalled gem of princely courts," which lO'/shwa commanded Indra to resign to Ugrasena, for the assemblage of the race of Yadu. After the death of K?'/sh7ia it returned to Indra's heaven. aS'UDRA. The fourth or servile caste. See Yarwa. >S^DRAKA. A king who wrote the play called jMr/chchha- ka/i, ' the toy-cart,' in ten acts. SU-DYUM^A. Son of the j\Ianu Yaivaswata. At his birth he was a female, Ila, but was afterwards changed into a male and called Su-dyumna. Under the curse of iS'iva he again became Ha, who married Budha or Mercury, and was mother of Puru- ravas. By favour of Yisli?iu the male form was again recovered, and Su-dyumna became the father of three sons. This legend evidently has reference to the origin of the Lunar race of kings. SU-GRlYA. 'Handsome neck.' A monkey king who was dethroned by his brother Bfdin, but after the latter had been killed, Su-gaiva was re-installed by Rama as king at Kishkin- dliyii. He, with his adviser Hanuman and tlieir army of monkeys, were the allies of Rama in his war against Rava?w, in which he was wounded. He is said to have been son of the sun, and from his paternity he is called Ravi-nandana ajid by other similar names. He is described as being grateful, active in aiding his friends, and able to change his form at will. His wife's name was Ruma. SUHMA A country said to be east of Bengal. SUKA'SAPTA TI—SUMBHA. 307 iSTJKA-SAPTATI. 'The seventy (tales) of a parrot.' This is the original of the Tuti-namah of the Persian, from which the Hindustani Tota-kahani was translated. >S'UKEA. The planet Yenus and its regent. ^S^ukra was son of Eh?7gu and priest of Bali and the Daityas (Daitya-giiru). He is also called the son of Kavi. His wife's name was /S'lisuma or /S'ata-parwa. His daughter Devayani married Yayati of the Lunar race, and her husband's infidelity induced ^ukra to curse him. ^S'ukra is identified with Usanas, and is author of a code of law. The Hari-van.sa relates that he went to AS'iva and asked for means of protecting the Asuras against the gods, and for obtaining his object he performed " a painful rite, imbibing the smoke of chaff with his head downwards for a thousand years." In his absence the gods attacked the Asuras and yish?m killed his mother, for which deed /S'ukra cursed him "to be born seven times in the world of men." ^S^ukra restored his mother to life, and the gods being alarmed lest ^S'ukra's penance should be accomplished, Indra sent his daughter JayantI to lure him from it. She waited upon him and soothed him, but he accomplished his penance and afterwards married her. ^ukra is known by his patronymic Bhargava, and also as Blmgu. He is also Kavi or Kavya, ' the poet.' The planet is called Asphujit, 'Ap^o^/V?j; Magha-bhava, son of Magha ; Shodasansu, ' having sixteen rays ; ' and /S'weta, 'the white.' SUKTA. AVedichymn. STJ-MANTRA. The chief counsellor of Raja Da-sa-ratha and friend of Rama. SXJ-MANTU. The collector of the hymns of the Atharva- veda ; he is said to have been a pupil of Yeda Yyasa, and to have acted under his guidance. iSUMBHA and NISHUMBHA. Two Asuras, brothers, who were killed by Durga. These brothers, as related in the Marka7i(ieya Purawa, were votaries of >S'iva, and performed severe penance for 5000 years in order to obtain immortality. AS'iva refused the boon, and they continued their devotions with such increased intensity for 800 years more, that the gods trembled for their power. By advice of Indra, the god of love, Kama, went to them with two celestial nymphs, Rambha and Tilottama, and they succeeded in seducing the two Asuras and holding them in the toils of sensuality for 5000 years. On recovering from their 3o8 SU-MERU—SUNAH-SEPHAS. voliiptuoiTS a"berration they drove the nyinphs back to paradise and recommenced their penance. At the end of looo years A^iva blessed them " that in riches and strength they should excel the gods." In their exaltation they warred against the gods, who, in despair, appealed in succession to Brahma, A^ish?iu, and ^iva, but in vain. The latter advised them to apply to Durga, and they did so. She contrived to engage the Asuras in war, defeated their forces, slew their commanders, Chawc?a and MuTif/a, and finally killed them. See Sunda. SU-MEE,U. The mountain Meru, actual or personified. SU-MITRA. Wife of Dasa-ratha and mother of Lakshmawa and 6'atru-ghna. See Dasa-ratha. SU-MUKHA. ' Handsome face.' This epithet is used for Garu(ia and for the son of Garuc?a. /STJ^A^-aS'EPHAS. The legend of >S'una/i-sephas, as told in the Aitareya Brahma?ia, is as follows : — King Haris-chandra, of the race of Evshwaku, being childless, made a vow that if he obtained a son he would sacrifice him to Yaru^za. A son was borii who received the name of Kohita, but the father post- poned, under various pretexts, the fulfilment of his vow. Wlien at length he resolved to perform the sacrifice, Rohita refused to be the victim, and went out into the forest, where he lived for six years. He then met a poor Brahman Rkhi called AjTgartta, who had three sons, and Rohita purchased from Ajigartta for a hundred cows, the second son, named /S'unaA- sephas, to be the substitute for himself in the sacrifice. Varuwa approved of the substitute, and the sacrifice was about to be per- formed, the father receiving another hundred cows for binding his son to the sacrificial post, and a third hundred for agreeing to slaughter him. /Suna^-,9ephas saved himself by reciting verses in honour of different deities, and was received into the family of Vi.swamitra, who was one of the ofliciating priests. The Rrima- ya72a gives a different version of the legend. Ambarlsha, king of Ayodhya, was performing a sacrifice when Indra carried off the victim. The officiating priest represented that this loss could be atoned for only by the sacrifice of a human victim. The king, after a long search, found a Brahman itzshi named ii/chika, who had two sons, and the younger, *S'unaA-scplias, was then sold by his own consent for a hundred thousand cows, ten millions of gold pieces, and heaps of jewels. AS'una/i-sephas met with his mater- SU-NAMAN— SURAS. 309 nal uncle, Viswamitra, who taught him two divine verses which he was to repeat when about to be sacrificed. As he was bound at the stake to be immolated, he celebrated the two gods Indra and Vish?iu with the excellent verses, and Indra, being pleased, bestowed upon him long life. He was afterwards called Deva- rata, and is said to have become son of Yiswamitra. The Maha- bharata and the PuraTias show some few variations. A series of seven hymns in the it^g-veda is attributed to /SunaA-sephas. See Muir's Texts, i. 355, 407, 413 ; Vishnu Furana, iv. 25 ; Midler's Sanskrit Literature, 408 ; Wilson's Big-veda, i. 60.