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Notwithstanding the exile's repugnance and liorror, Viswamitra insisted upon the sale, and Haris-chandra was carried off " bound, beaten, confused, and afflicted," to the abode of the Chanddla. He was sent by his master to steal grave-clothes from a cemetery. In tliis horrid place and de- grading work he spent twelve months. His wife then came to tlio cemetery to perform the obsequies of her son, who liad died from the bite of a serpent. They recognised each other, and Hari.s-chandra and his wife resolved to die upon the funeral pyre of their son, though he hesitated to take away his own life witliout tlie consent of liis master. After all was prejDared, he HARIS-CHANDRA—HARI- VANS A. 119 gave himself up to meditation on Vislirm. The gods then arrived, headed by Dharma and accompanied by Yiswamitra. Dharma entreated him to refrain from his intention, and Indra informed him " that he, his wife, and son, had conquered heaven by their good works." Hari.s-chandra declared that he conld not go to heaven without the permission of his master the Cha?i(Zala. Dharma then revealed himself. A¥hen this difficulty was removed, Haris-chandra objected to go to heaven without his faithful subjects. " This request was granted by Indra, and after Viswamitra had inaugurated Rohitaswa, the king's son, to be his successor, Haris-chandra, his friends, and followers, all ascended in company to heaven." There he was induced by the sage Narada to boast of his merits, and this led to his expulsion from heaven. As he was falling he repented of his fault and waTs forgiven. His downward course was arrested, and he and his followers dwell in an aerial citv, which, accord- ing to popular belief, is still visible occasionally in mid-air. HAEITA, HARiTA. i. A son of Yuvana-swa of the Solar race, descended from Ikshwaku. From him descended the Harita Angirasas. In the Linga Pura?^a it is said, " The son of Yuvariaswa was Harita, of whom the Haritas were sons. They were, on the side of Angiras, twice-born men (Brahmans) of Ivshatriya lineage ; " or according to the Vayu, " they were the sons of Angiras, twice-born men (Brahmans), of Kshatriya race," possibly meaning that they were sons raised up to Harita by Angiras. According to some he was a son of Chyavana. 2. Author of a Dharma-sastra or law-book. HAEITAS, HARITA-ANGIRASES. See Harita. HARITS, HARITAS. ' Green.' In the i^ig-veda the horses, or rather mares, of the sun, seven or ten in number, and typical of his rays. " The prototype of the Grecian Charites." — Max Milller. HARI-VA]Sr>SA. The genealogy of Hari or Vish?zu, a long poeni of 16,374 verses. It purports to be a part of the Maha- bharata, but it is of much later date, and " may more accurately be ranked with the Paura?uk compilations of least authenticity and latest date." It is in three parts ; the first is introductory, and gives particulars of the creation and of the patriarchal and regal dynasties ; the second contains the life and adventures of K?'ish?za ; and the last and the third treats of the future of the 1 20 HARSHANA—HA Y AS IRAS. world and the corruptions of the Kali age. It contains many indications of its having been written in the south of India. HAESHAiVA. A deity who presides over the /S'raddha offerings. HARYAjS'WA. a grandson of the Kuvalayaswa who killed the demon Dhundhu. The country of Panchala is said to have been named from his five {panclia) sons. There were several others of this name. HARYA*SWAS. Five thousand sons of the patriarch Daksha, begotten by him for the purpose of peopling the earth. The sage Narada dissuaded them from producing offspring, and they " dispersed themselves through the regions and have not returned." HASTIM-PUEA. The capital city of the Kauravas, for which the great war of the Maha-bharata was waged. It was founded by Hastin, son of the first Bharata, and hence, as some say, its name ; but the Maha-bharata and the Vish?m Pura?2a call it the " elephant city," from hastin, an elephant. The ruins are traceable near an old bed of the Ganges, about 57 miles N.E. of Delhi, and local tradition has preserved the name. It is said to have been washed away by the Ganges. HASYARiVAVA. ^ Ocean of laughter.' A modern comic piece in two acts, by a Vdrndii named Jagadisa. ''It is a severe but grossly indelicate satire upon the licentiousness of Brah- mans assuming the character of religious mendicants." — JFilson. HAYIR.BHUJ, HAYISH-MATA. PitWs or Manes of the Kshatriyas, and inhabitants of the solar sphere. See Pitris. HAYA-GRlYA. ' Horse-necked.' According to one legend, a Daitya who stole the Yeda as it slipped out of the mouth of Brahma while he was sleeping at the end of a kalpa, and was killed by YishTiu in the Fish Avatara. According to another, Yishwu himself, who assumed this form to recover the Veda, which had been carried off by two Daityas. HAYA-.SIRAS, IIAYA-^lRSIIA. 'Horse-head' In the Maha-bharata it is recorded that the sage Aurva (q.v.) "cast the fire of his anger into the sea," and that it there " became the great Haya-siras, known to those acquainted with the A^eda, which vomits forth that fire and drinks up the waters." A form of Vish?iu. In the Bhagavata Puriiwa Brahma is represented as saying, In my sacrifice Bhagavat himself was Haya-6'irslia, the male of II HEMA-CHANDRA—HIRANYAKSHA. 1 2 1 the sacrifice, whose colour is that of gold, of whom the Yedas and the sacrifices are the substance and the gods the sonl ; when he respired, charming words came forth from his nostrils." HELIA-CHANDRA. Author of a good Sansk?-it vocabulary, printed under the superintendence of Colebrooke. HEMADRI. 'The golden mountain,' /.g,, Meru. HEMA-KU2A. 'Golden peak.' A chain of mountains re- presented as lying north of the Himalayas, between them and Mount Meru. HIDIMBA (mas.), HIDIMBA (fem.). A powerful Asura, who had yellow eyes and a horrible aspect. He was a cannibal, and dwelt in the forest to which the Pa?i(iavas retired after the burning of their house. He had a sister named Hif/imba, whom he sent to lure the Pa7ic?avas to liim ; but on meeting with Bhima, she fell in love with him, and offered to carry him away to safety on her back. Bhima refused, and while they were par- leying, Hifiimba came up, and a terrible fight ensued, in which Bhima killed the monster. Hic^imba was at first much terrified and fled, but she returned and claimed Bhima for her husband. By his mother's desire Bhima married her, and by her had a son named Gha/otkacha. HIMACHALA, HIMADRI. The Himalaya mountains. HIMAVAT. The personification of the Himalaya mountains, husband of Mena or Menaka, and father of Uma and Ganga. HIRAi\^YA-GARBHA. 'Golden egg' or 'golden womb.' In the i^ig-veda Hira?iya-garbha " is said to have arisen in the beginning, the one lord of all beings, who upholds heaven and earth, who gives life and breath, whose command even the gods obey, who is the god over all gods, and the one animating principle of their being." According to Manu, Hira7?ya-garbha was Brahma, the first male, formed by the undiscernible eternal First Cause in a golden ^^g resplendent as the sun. " Having continued a year in the egg, Brahma divided it into two parts by his mere thought, and with these two shells he formed the heavens and the earth ; and in the middle he placed the sky, the eight regions, and the eternal abode of the waters." 8ee Brahma. HIRAiVYAKSHA. 'Golden eye.' A Daitya who dragged the earth to the depths of the ocean. He was twin-brother of Hira- ??yaka5ipu, and was killed by YisliTiu in the Boar incarnation. 1 23 HIRANYA-KASIPU—IDA. HIEA7\^YA-KA6'IPU. ' Golden dress.' A Daitva who, ao cording to the jNIaha-bharata and the Pura??.as, obtained from ^Siva the sovereignty of the three worlds for a million of j^ears, and persecuted his son Prahlada for worshipping Vish?ai. He Avas slain by Yisliwu in the Nara-sinha, or man-lion incarnation. He and HiraTzyaksha were twin-brothers and chiefs of the Daityas. HIT0PADE6A. ' Good adyice.' The well-known collection of ethical tales and fables compiled from the larger and older work called Pancha-tantra. It has been often printed, and there are several translations; among them is an edition by Johnson of text, vocabulary, and translation. HOT/t/. A priest who recites the j^rayers from the J?/g- veda. HT^/SHIKEaS'A. a name of K?'/shwa or Yislmu. HtJiYAS.