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With human blood and flesh as food, He tamed the fat-bellied night-wanderer, The very fierce Māṇavaka, many ogres, The unsurpassed one, indeed, is the charioteer of men to be tamed. 25. The Guide, well-guiding Rāhu, The mighty, lord of Asuras, To gods and Asuras, The unsurpassed charioteer of men. 26. Pajāpati, compassionate to all beings, And Baka, conceited with empty gains, He guided on the lotus seat of the river, The unsurpassed charioteer of men. 27. Even the untamable, with goads and hooks, The man-bull guided beasts and men, He guided in the threefold refuge and precepts, The unsurpassed charioteer of men. 28. The elephant Dhanapāla, with streaming temples, Like fire and lightning, terrifying, Māra subdued, The unsurpassed charioteer of men. 29. He guided Somuni, dwelling in the Himalayas, Blazing with glory, enjoying Apalāla, Fierce, terrible, enjoying Aravāla, The unsurpassed charioteer of men. 30. Nanda and Upananda, serpent kings, Mahodara, Cūlodara, and other serpents, With smoky flames and fiery hoods, he subdued, Thus, the unsurpassed charioteer of men. 31. Skilled in methods of taming, to those capable of awakening, Illuminating the noble path, excellent, auspicious, and blameless, He guides with the chariot of practice, just like a charioteer, Therefore, he is called the unsurpassed charioteer of men. Thus, in the Jinavaṃsadīpa, composed excellently by the ascetic named Medhānanda, a treasure bestowing joy to the hearts of all poets, in the chapter on the origin, the twenty-fourth chapter, a detailed explanation of the designation of the Blessed One as the unsurpassed charioteer of men is completed. That good reputation has risen about the venerable Gotama, that he is the teacher of gods and humans. 1. A harsh, waterless, difficult desert, A desert where lions, elephants, and great tigers play, A desert where many people descend, the wise caravan leader, Carrying them across with compassion, leads them to a safe land. 2. Thus, with a heart full of compassion, He guides beings suffering in the cycle of rebirth, Having rescued from the wilderness of aging, disease, death, sorrow, and the like, And having led beings through the ten defilements to the secure city, Therefore, he whose fame is spread as the Teacher, the Guide, is praised as the Teacher. 4. Because he is exceedingly skilled in discerning benefit and harm, and also in the supramundane sense, Because he instructs this world with both worldly and transcendental benefit, Together with Brahma, with humans and gods, with ascetics and Brahmins, he Whose fame is praised as the Teacher, he is truly the Teacher. 5. He who, relying on the head of fear born of birth, aging, disease, and the like, Always wields the sword of the Teaching like a teacher, scattering the enemy, Therefore, he, the essence of success, harms the multitude of beings with his wisdom, That Teacher, whose fragrant body of fame pervades the three worlds. 6. Delighting in the benefit of the world, abstaining from harm, from the wilderness of birth and the like, And leading beings like a caravan leader with the meaning and the Dhamma, He instructs beings, he harms the fear born in the minds of the people, Therefore, the Blessed One is described as the Teacher in accordance with the meaning of the word. That sound of auspicious fame has arisen concerning the Blessed Gotama, thus, indeed, the Blessed One is the Buddha. 7. He who, without a teacher's instruction, having awakened to the four truths, Previously unheard of, in knowable things, in the characteristics of conditioned phenomena, in conceptual designations, Having attained omniscience in that very place, having attained mastery in the powers of knowledge, having become self-awakened, Because he awakens others, because he is the Awakened One, 8. Because he is the one who awakens to the truths, because he is the speaker of truth, the Blessed One, Because he is endowed with great power of understanding, Therefore, he is named Buddha, and that fame of the Buddha has arisen. 9. By the power of his awakening, by his wisdom, and because he is not to be taught by another, And because of his Buddhahood, like a lotus that has fully blossomed, by the meaning of awakening, Because the sound of the many qualities of the Buddha is spread, the Buddha, the son of Suddhodana, Has arisen in the three realms of the Buddha, that sound of fame. 10. Because of the cutting off of lust, hatred, and delusion by the supreme path of attainment, And because of the cutting off of their roots, Without killing, without hurting, without the faults of others, He, with destroyed influxes, with the abandonment of supports, is called Buddha; The composition of his virtues is proclaimed by the wise, as long as it exists. 10. The Lord of the Dhamma, as an awakened person, with the destruction of darkness, Not taught by anyone, dispelling the sleep of defilements, The Buddha, the lotus of enlightenment, because the Blessed One is awakened by himself, Therefore, the sound of "Buddha" adorns the world. 11. Or, having gone from the nature of the meaning of going, understanding, and the element, He, with a mind that has risen on the one path, is the only one who has fully awakened, Having attained enlightenment, the root of victory, the highest of beings, unsurpassed, Therefore, his glory shines in the three worlds today. 12. Having destroyed defilements by the highest path, by the intellect, by the intellect, Having attained the aggregate of unsurpassed qualities and ornaments, He, devoted to enlightenment, the auspicious one, the Buddha, the son of Suddhodana, Adorns this world with waves of his own glory. 13. By the word "Sambuddho," the sage's knowledge of the truth is brought forth, Knowledge that is not common to others, By the word "Buddha," the Teacher's teaching, preceded by compassion, Knowledge that makes known the meaning of knowable things, is shown. 14. By the power of praising that all-knowing knowledge, "Sammādisambuddha," By the power of praising the noble path of the word "Buddha," The connection is also made here, so said the wise Dhamma Pāla, In the explanation of the recollection of the Buddha, the knower of the teachings. Thus, in the Jinavaṃsadīpa, composed by the ascetic named Medhānanda, which is the cause of giving joy to the hearts of all people, in the Santika Nidāna, the twenty-fifth chapter, the explanation of the name "Buddha" for the Teacher, gods, and humans, is completed. That good reputation has arisen about the venerable Gotama in this way: "Indeed, the Blessed One is the Blessed One." 1. In the meter of the Kavibhāratipaddhati, The praise of qualities (Toṭaka) has occurred, The Blessed One, with the meaning of the divided word, Sweet to hear, very sweet. He is endowed with a mass of virtues, Beginning with higher morality, concentration, and wisdom, Therefore, this name, "Bhagavā," is respectfully given to the Lord, supreme among gods and humans. He who is proclaimed by the word "Bhagavā," With its correct meaning and excellent significance, He is indeed supremely worthy of respect, Therefore, this name "Bhagavā" is given as a designation. If there exists anything unsurpassed, Anuttariya, due to the accumulated perfections And immeasurable merit, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered the entire powerful force of Māra, Like an elephant felling a banana grove or a palm forest, Like lightning striking down defilements, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he destroyed all greed, Removed all hatred, Removed all delusion, And reversed wrong views, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered anger, malice, false speech, Deceitfulness, shamelessness, recklessness, As well as stinginess and rivalry, Views of becoming and non-becoming, lack of uprightness and gentleness, Harshness and cruelty, If he shattered conceit, arrogance, negligence, intoxication, Deceitfulness and harshness, Deceit and trickery, the tangle of delusion, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered threefold unwholesomeness, threefold unevenness, Threefold thought, the root of perception, Three impurities, and threefold proliferation, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered the four floods, the four kinds of yokes, The four kinds of bonds, the four kinds of grasping, And the four kinds of influxes, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he destroyed the fetters of the mind, The hindrances, delight, and jealousy, If he shattered these five things, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered the six bases for disputes, The seven latent tendencies, and the object of sloth and torpor, And the eight kinds of wrongness, Then He is called "Bhagavā," that Blessed One. If he shattered the nine roots of resentment, as well as the ten... With good deeds, the tenfold path of wholesome action, And all wrong views abandoned, Therefore, He is called Blessed, that Blessed One. Burning with suffering, various hundreds of pains, And the great net of existence cut asunder, A hundred thousand defilements destroyed, Therefore, He is called Blessed, that Blessed One. With the eightfold blessings of animā, laghimā, mahimā, vasitā, And the power of lordship, He is endowed with auspicious qualities, Therefore, He is called Blessed, that Blessed One. Making the small smaller, the non-small non-smaller, Making the light lighter, animā; Making the great greater, mahimā, Making the mastered mastered, vasitā there; Going to a place desired at will, Quickly accomplishing desired tasks, The power to subdue completely, Supreme lordship; The power to travel through the sky, The perfection of tasks when going, The state of being under one's own control, These are the eight aspects of supreme lordship;