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Venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala approached the Blessed One, and having approached, he exchanged greetings with the Blessed One. Seated to one side, venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala said this to the Blessed One: “Does Master Gotama also declare, ‘I am fully enlightened with unsurpassed perfect self-awakening’?” In that context, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: “Indeed, great king, if one were to speak rightly, one would say, ‘I am fully enlightened with unsurpassed perfect self-awakening’…” "is uplifted," he would rightly speak of me," and so on, venerable sir, was spoken by the Blessed One. Therefore, indeed, a wise person, seeing his own welfare; a serpent and fire, and a glorious king; and a monk endowed with virtue, should treat properly. The Discourse on Self-Protection Question: This Discourse on Self-Protection, friend, by the Blessed One, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was it spoken? Answer: In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala himself, it was spoken. King Pasenadi of Kosala, venerable sir, having approached the Blessed One, "Here, venerable sir, as I was secluded and withdrawn, such a thought arose in my mind," he spoke such words. And the Blessed One, venerable sir, "So it is, great king, so it is, great king," and so on, having analyzed, spoke. Restraint by body is good, good is restraint by speech; Restraint by mind is good, good is restraint everywhere; Restrained everywhere, modest, he is called protected. The Discourse on the Few Question: This Discourse on the Few, friend, by the Blessed One, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was it spoken? Answer: In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala himself, it was spoken. King Pasenadi of Kosala, venerable sir, having approached the Blessed One, "Here, venerable sir, as I was secluded and withdrawn, such a thought arose in my mind: 'Few are those beings in the world, who, having obtained great, great enjoyments, neither become intoxicated nor negligent, nor fall into greed for sensual pleasures,' " he spoke such words. And the Blessed One, venerable sir, "So it is, great king, so it is, great king," and so on, spoke the Discourse on the Few. The Discourse on Mallikā Question: This Discourse on Mallikā, friend, by the Blessed One, where, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was it spoken? Answer: In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala himself, it was spoken. King, venerable sir And Pasenadi, the Kosalan king, said to Queen Mallikā: "Is there anyone, Mallikā, dearer to you than yourself?" On that occasion, the Blessed One spoke thus, beginning with "Having traversed all directions with the mind." Having traversed all directions with the mind, I found nowhere anyone dearer than oneself. So dear is the self to others, therefore, one who loves oneself should not harm another. The Discourse on the Seven Ascetics Question: Where, friend, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was the Discourse on the Seven Ascetics spoken by the Blessed One... the Fully Enlightened One? Answer: It was spoken, venerable sir, at Sāvatthī, concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala. Venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala, after seven ascetics, seven Nigaṇṭhas, seven naked ascetics, seven one-robed ascetics, and seven wandering ascetics had recently departed, approached the Blessed One. Having approached, he saluted the Blessed One and sat down to one side. Seated to one side, venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala said to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, those in the world who are Arahants or have entered the path to Arahantship, these were some of them." On that occasion, venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus, beginning with: "It is difficult, great king, for you, a householder, one who enjoys sensual pleasures, who dwells in a bed crowded with children, who uses Kāsī sandalwood, who wears garlands, perfumes, and ointments, who accepts gold and silver, to know: 'These are Arahants, or these have entered the path to Arahantship.'" Not by outward appearance is a person well known, nor should one trust a fleeting sight. For with the marks of the well-restrained, the unrestrained wander this world. Like a counterfeit clay earring, or a copper half-penny covered in gold, they wander the world, hidden by their retinue, impure within, shining outwardly. The Discourse on the Five Kings Question: And where, friend, concerning whom, on what occasion, and how was the Discourse on the Five Kings spoken by the Blessed One? Answer: At Sāvatthī. Venerable sir, it was spoken concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala. Venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala said to the Blessed One: "What, Venerable sir, is the best of sensual pleasures?" In that matter, Venerable sir, the Blessed One spoke thus: "I declare, great king, that what is agreeable is the best among the five strands of sensual pleasure." Here, Venerable sir, among us five kings, endowed with the five strands of sensual pleasure, united, enjoying ourselves, this conversation arose: "What, indeed, is the best of sensual pleasures?" As a red lotus, fragrant, In the morning, in full bloom, its fragrance undiminished; Behold Aṅgīrasa shining forth, Like the sun burning in the sky. Second Aputtaka Sutta Question – And where, friends, was the Second Aputtaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, in what matter, and how? Answer – Venerable sir, it was spoken at Sāvatthī, concerning King Pasenadi of Kosala. Venerable sir, King Pasenadi of Kosala approached the Blessed One and spoke these words: "Here, Venerable sir, in Sāvatthī, a wealthy householder has died childless, and I have just brought his heirless property to the royal palace." And the Blessed One, Venerable sir, said: "So it is, great king, so it is, great king. In the past, great king, that wealthy householder offered almsfood to a Paccekasambuddha named Taggarasikhī." In this way, having recounted the past story of that wealthy householder, at the conclusion, it was spoken in four verses. Grain, wealth, silver, gold, Or whatever possession there may be, Servants, workers, dependents, And those who live by him. None of it can be taken along, All must be left behind by the departing one; But what one does with body, With speech, or with mind, That indeed is one's own, that one takes with oneself; That indeed follows one, Like a shadow that never departs. Therefore, one should do good, Accumulate for the future; Merits in the other world, A support. are for beings – Connected Discourses with Māra Discourse on Ascetic Practices Question – Now, friends, where, concerning whom, in what context, and how was the Discourse on Ascetic Practices spoken by the Blessed One, the Conqueror? Answer – In Uruvelā, venerable sir, it was spoken concerning Māra, the Evil One. Māra, venerable sir, the Evil One, approached the Blessed One and addressed him with a verse: “Having turned away from ascetic practices, by which mortals are purified; You, impure, think yourself pure, deviated from the path of purity.” In that context, venerable sir – “Having known as not conducive to welfare, whatever immortal ascetic practice there is; All of it leads to destruction, like a broken reed in a bellows; Cultivating virtue, concentration, and wisdom, the path to awakening; I have attained supreme purity, you are defeated, O Destroyer.” Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One, the Conqueror. Having turned away from ascetic practices, by which mortals are not purified; You, impure, think yourself pure, deviated from the path of purity – Having known as not conducive to welfare, whatever immortal ascetic practice there is; All of it leads to destruction, like a broken reed in a bellows; Discourse on the Appearance of the Elephant King Question – Now, friends, where, concerning whom, in what context, and how was the Discourse on the Appearance of the Elephant King spoken by the Blessed One, the Conqueror? Answer – In Uruvelā, venerable sir, it was spoken concerning Māra, the Evil One. Māra, venerable sir, the Evil One, desiring to arouse fear, terror, and horripilation in the Blessed One, created the appearance of a great elephant king and approached the Blessed One. In that context, venerable sir – “Wandering for a long time, creating forms, beautiful and ugly; Enough of that for you, Evil One, you are defeated, O Destroyer.” Thus, venerable sir, was it spoken by the Blessed One, the Conqueror. Wandering for a long time, creating forms, beautiful and ugly, Enough of that for you, Evil One, you are defeated, O Destroyer – Connected Discourses with Bhikkhunīs Discourse to Āḷavikā Question – Now, friends, I ask about the Connected Discourses with Bhikkhunīs, which that Blessed One, the Arahant, the Fully Self-Awakened One By the Buddha's female disciples, the elder nuns, themselves, And having revealed the true quality of the Buddha's teaching, it was spoken. There, friends, the Āḷavikā Sutta, first chanted by the ancient ones, by Mahākassapa and others, the venerable elders who compiled the Dhamma— where, concerning whom, on what occasion, by whom, and how was it spoken? Answer: In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning Māra, the Evil One, it was spoken by the nun Āḷavikā. Māra, venerable sir, the Evil One, wishing to produce fear, terror, and horripilation in the nun Āḷavikā, wishing to dislodge her from solitude, addressed the nun Āḷavikā with a verse: “There is no escape in the world, what will you do with solitude? Enjoy sensual pleasures, do not be regretful afterwards.” On that occasion, venerable sir— “There is an escape in the world, well-touched by my wisdom; O Evil One, friend of the heedless, you do not know that state; Sensual pleasures are like spears and stakes, a cutting down of the aggregates; What you call sensual delight, that was an aversion for me.” Thus, venerable sir,