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and the improper practice of a recluse distinguished and taught there by the Blessed One? Answer – "And how, bhikkhus, is a bhikkhu not practicing the proper practice of a recluse? If, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu is covetous, and his covetousness is not abandoned, if he has ill will, and his ill will is not abandoned," and so on. "And how, bhikkhus, is a bhikkhu practicing the proper practice of a recluse? If, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu is covetous, and his covetousness is abandoned, if he has ill will, and his ill will is abandoned," and so on, venerable sir. And by the Blessed One there the practice proper for a recluse and the practice improper for a recluse were taught, divided in detail. Sāleyyaka Sutta Question – Friend, where was the Sāleyyaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, and on what occasion? Answer – Bhante, in Kosala, in the brahmin village named Sālā, it was spoken concerning the Sāleyyaka brahmin householders. Bhante, the Sāleyyaka brahmin householders approached the Blessed One and said this: “What, indeed, good Gotama, is the reason, what is the cause, whereby some beings here, with the breaking up of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of woe, a bad destination, a lower realm, hell? And what, good Gotama, is the reason, what is the cause, whereby some beings here, with the breaking up of the body, after death, are reborn in a good destination, a heavenly world?” Bhante, it was spoken on that occasion. Verañjaka Sutta Question – Friend, where was the Verañjaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, and on what occasion? Answer – Bhante, in Sāvatthī, it was spoken concerning the Verañjaka brahmin householders. Bhante, the Verañjaka brahmin householders approached the Blessed One and said this: “What, indeed, good Gotama, is the reason, what is the cause, whereby some beings here, with the breaking up of the body, after death, are reborn in a state of woe, a bad destination, a lower realm, hell? And what, good Gotama, is the reason, what is the cause, whereby some beings here, with the breaking up of the body, after death, are reborn in a good destination, a heavenly world?” Bhante, it was spoken on that occasion. Mahāvedalla Sutta Question – Friend, where was the Mahāvedalla Sutta spoken, and by whom? Answer – Bhante, in Sāvatthī, it was spoken by the Venerable Sāriputta Thera, the General of the Dhamma, when questioned by the Venerable Mahākoṭṭhika. Cūḷavedalla Sutta Question – Friend, where was the Cūḷavedalla Sūtta spoken, and by whom? Answer – Bhante, in Rājagaha, it was spoken by the Therī Dhammadinnā, when questioned by the lay follower Visākha. Cūḷadhammasamādānasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom was the Cūḷadhammasamādāna Sutta spoken by the Blessed One? Answer – In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning many bhikkhus. Mahādhammasamādānasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom was the Mahādhammasamādāna Sutta spoken by the Blessed One? Answer – In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning many bhikkhus. Vīmaṃsakasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom was the Vīmaṃsaka Sutta spoken by the Blessed One? Answer – In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning many bhikkhus. Kosambiyasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom and on what occasion was the Kosambiya Sutta spoken? Answer – In Kosambī, venerable sir, concerning the bhikkhus of Kosambī. Venerable sir, the bhikkhus of Kosambī were engaged in quarrels, engaged in disputes, engaged in arguments, wounding each other with verbal spears. On that occasion, venerable sir, it was spoken. Brahmanimantanikasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom and on what occasion was the Brahmanimantanika Sutta spoken by the Blessed One? Answer – In Sāvatthī, venerable sir, concerning many bhikkhus. Māratajjaniyasutta Question – Friend, where and concerning whom and on what occasion and by whom was the Māratajjanīya Sutta spoken? Answer – Among the Sakyans, venerable sir, at Susumāragira, in the Bhesakaḷāvana deer park, it was spoken by the Venerable Mahāmoggallāna, concerning Māra the Evil One. Venerable sir, Māra the Evil One had entered the stomach of the Venerable Mahāmoggallāna, having penetrated his belly. On that occasion, venerable sir, it was spoken. Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi Kandarakasutta Question – Friend, by that knowing one... ...by the Perfectly Self-Awakened One, where and concerning whom and on what occasion was the Kandarakasutta spoken? Answer – In Campā, venerable sir, on the bank of the Gaggarā pond, concerning Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, and Kan Spoken concerning the young wanderer. Venerable Kandaraka, the wanderer, spoke in praise of the Blessed One and the Sangha of bhikkhus. And Venerable Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, spoke in praise of the Blessed One and the Dhamma teaching. It was spoken, Venerable, on that occasion. Question – How, friends, when the wanderer Kandaraka, being deeply pleased, spoke in praise of the Blessed One and the Sangha of bhikkhus, did the Blessed One approve of it and begin a Dhamma discourse? And how did Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, speak in praise of the Blessed One and the Dhamma teaching? And how did the Blessed One teach the Dhamma suitable to the disposition of Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son? Answer – Thus, Venerable, when the wanderer Kandaraka, being deeply pleased, spoke in praise of the Blessed One and the Sangha of bhikkhus, the Blessed One approved of it with words like “It is so, Kandaraka, it is so, Kandaraka,” and began a Dhamma discourse with words like “Indeed, Kandaraka, there are bhikkhus in this Sangha of bhikkhus who are Arahants, whose defilements are destroyed, who have lived the holy life, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, attained their own goal, whose fetters of existence are utterly destroyed, who are liberated through perfect knowledge.” Then, Venerable, Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, spoke in praise of the Blessed One and the Dhamma teaching with words like “It is wonderful, Venerable! It is amazing, Venerable! How well expounded, Venerable, are these four foundations of mindfulness by the Blessed One for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the disappearance of pain and displeasure, for the attainment of the method, for the realization of Nibbana!” And the Blessed One, Venerable, taught a Dhamma talk suitable to the disposition of Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, with words like “Profound, Pessa, are humans; shallow, Pessa, are animals.” Question – What kind of benefit, friends, did Pessa, the elephant-trainer's son, attain after hearing that Dhamma discourse? And how did the Blessed One briefly teach that discourse on the four types of individuals? expounded it in detail to the bhikkhus. Answer – Having heard that Dhamma, venerable sir, the stable-master's son, the messenger, gained two benefits: faith in the Saṅgha, and a new method for grasping mindfulness. And, venerable sir, the Blessed One, being requested by the bhikkhus for that teaching on the four types of individuals, which was briefly spoken as, "Which individual, bhikkhus, is devoted to self-mortification?" and so on, and whose meaning was not expounded in detail, expounded it by dividing it in detail. Aṭṭhakanāgara Sutta Question – And where, friend, was the Aṭṭhakanāgara Sutta spoken? Concerning whom? On what occasion? By whom? Answer – In Vesālī, venerable sir, in Veḷuvagāma, concerning the householder Aṭṭhakanāgara, it was spoken by the Elder Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma. Venerable sir, the householder Aṭṭhakanāgara, the tenth, approached the Venerable Ānanda and said this: "Is there, venerable Ānanda, one Dhamma declared by that Blessed One, the Knower, the Seer, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Awakened One, where a bhikkhu, dwelling diligent, ardent, resolute, has his unliberated mind liberated, his unexhausted taints exhausted, and attains the unexcelled security from bondage which he has not yet attained?" On that occasion, venerable sir, it was spoken. Sekha Sutta Question – And where, friend, was the Sekha Sutta spoken? Concerning whom? On what occasion? By whom? Answer – In Kapilavatthu, venerable sir, among the Sakyans, in the assembly hall, it was spoken by the Elder Ānanda, the treasurer of the Dhamma, concerning the Sakyans of Kapilavatthu. Venerable sir, the Blessed One, having instructed, encouraged, inspired, and gladdened the Sakyans of Kapilavatthu with a Dhamma talk for much of the night, addressed the Venerable Ānanda: "Let the trainee's practice for the Sakyans of Kapilavatthu occur to you, Ānanda. My back is aching. I will stretch it." On that occasion, venerable sir, it was spoken. Potaliya utta Question – Where, friends, was the Potaliya Sutta spoken by the Blessed One, concerning whom, and on what occasion? Answer – In the Anguttarapades, venerable sir, in a market town called Anguttarapa, it was spoken concerning the householder Potaliya, who had renounced all work. The householder Potaliya, venerable sir, having renounced all work, approached the Blessed One. As he approached, being addressed by the Blessed One as "householder," he became angry and displeased, and said to the Blessed One, "This is not fitting, Master Gotama, this is not proper, that you address me as 'householder'." It was on that occasion, venerable sir, that it was spoken. Question – And how, friends, did the Blessed One extensively explain the danger in sensual pleasures and show the cutting off of transactions in the Noble Discipline?