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at first, by the expressed term, are disjoined, and then are disjoined again, their disjunction with the aggregates, etc., is stated. Here is the method: By the aggregate of form, those phenomena are disjoined, by those phenomena, those phenomena are disjoined, those phenomena are disjoined from four aggregates, from one sense-sphere, from seven elements, from one sense-sphere…pe… from some. By the aggregate of feeling, those phenomena are disjoined, by those phenomena, those phenomena are disjoined, those phenomena are disjoined from one aggregate, from ten sense-spheres, from ten elements, from one…pe… from some. The rest is easily understood. This is the method in the "disjoined-from-the-disjoined" term. Explanation of the meaning of the "included-with-the-conjoined-and-disjoined" term. In the "included-with-the-conjoined-and-disjoined" term, however, only the terms such as the truth of origin, etc., that are specified in the "included-with-the-included" term are specified. Here is the characteristic: Those phenomena which, at first, by the expressed term, are included with the aggregates, etc., by three, their conjunction and disjunction with the aggregates, etc., is stated. Here is the method: By the truth of origin, those phenomena are included with the aggregates, etc., by three inclusions, those phenomena are conjoined with three aggregates, with one sense-sphere, with seven elements, conjoined with one aggregate, with one sense-sphere, with one element, with some. Disjoined from one aggregate, from ten sense-sphere-elements, disjoined from one sense-sphere, from one element, from some. By the faculty of femaleness, those phenomena are included with the aggregates, etc., by three inclusions, those phenomena are not conjoined with any, are disjoined from four aggregates, from one sense-sphere, from seven elements, from one…pe… from some. There, "one" means by the mind sense-sphere. "One aggregate" means by the aggregate of formations. "Some" means in the aggregate of formations, by craving, in the phenomena sense-sphere and phenomena element, by craving, feeling, perception. The rest is easily understood. This is the method in the "included-with-the-conjoined-and-disjoined" term. Explanation of the meaning of the "conjoined-with-the-included-and-unincluded" term. But in the section on what is included and not included by association, only those terms are specified in the section on association that are specified in the terms beginning with the feeling aggregate, etc. Here is the characteristic: the phenomena that are first associated with the term extracted, their inclusion and non-inclusion by the aggregates, etc., are stated. Here is the method: the phenomena that are associated with the feeling aggregate, those phenomena are included by three aggregates, two sense bases, and eight elements, and not included by the rest. The phenomena that are associated with the consciousness aggregate, those phenomena are included by three aggregates, one sense base, and one element, and not included by the rest. There, by three means by the three beginning with the perception aggregate. By them, they are associated with feeling. By two means by the sense base of mental objects and the mind base. The rest is very easy to understand. This is the method in the section on what is included and not included by association. Explanation of the meaning of the section on what is associated and dissociated by what is not included But in the section on what is associated and dissociated by what is not included, only the terms that indicate subtle form, non-cognitive, non-form, or cognitive, or only non-form, or only gross form, or subtle form, are specified. Here is the characteristic: the phenomena that are first not included by the phenomena extracted, by the three aggregates, etc., their association and dissociation by the aggregates, etc., are stated. Here is the method: the phenomena that are not included by the form aggregate by the aggregates, etc., those phenomena are associated with three aggregates, associated with one sense base and one element by some, dissociated with one aggregate, ten sense bases and elements, dissociated with one sense base and one element by some. Thus, the application should be made to the sense base of mental objects, the female faculty, etc., as well. The phenomena that are not included by the non-form existence by the aggregates, etc., there is no such thing as being associated. They are dissociated with four aggregates, one sense base, and seven elements, dissociated with one sense base and one element by some. Thus, the application should be made to the sections on the bases of psychic power, wholesome qualities, etc., as well. There, of the form aggregate, only consciousness is the three Because it is unincluded, its association is with the three, feeling, etc., and its dissociation with the rest should be understood. The remainder is easily understood. This is the method in the unincluded-associated-dissociated section. Explanation of the Meanings of Included and Unincluded Terms in the Dissociated Section In the dissociated-included-unincluded section, however, those terms that are indicators of states that are either purely with object or without object, and that are distinct in terms of nature, birth, plane, time, and continuity, such as the terms "suffering truth," "undeclared," "limited," "past," "internal," etc., which indicate the immaterial aggregates dissociated from some, and the immaterial aggregates mixed with objectless states, only their designation is given, not of the others, such as the elements of sense-base, life faculty, name and form, six sense-bases, birth, aging, death, internal and external, invisible and non-resistant, cause, etc., because dissociation from them is impossible for anyone. This is the characteristic here: those states that are first dissociated by the extracted term, their inclusion and non-inclusion with the aggregates, etc., is stated. Herein is the method: those states that are dissociated from the form aggregate, those states are included by the four aggregates, the two sense-bases, the eight elements; they are unincluded by one aggregate, the ten sense-base-elements. Those states that are dissociated from the suffering truth, those states are included by the four aggregates, the two sense-bases, the two elements. Here, those dissociated from the suffering truth are the supramundane consciousness and mental factors, and those states are included by the four aggregates beginning with the feeling aggregate, by the two elements as mind-consciousness-element and mind-object-element. The remainder is easily understood. This is the method in the dissociated-included-unincluded section. This is, in brief, the determination of meaning along with the method of analysis here; the detailed explanation, however, should be taken from the Dhātukathā Pāḷi and commentary. The Dhātukathā Mātikā Commentary, which Clears Away Confusion, is Finished. 4. Puggalapaññatti Mātikā Explanation of the Ekaka Mātikā Now, the commentary on the Puggalapaññatti Mātikā... That is what happens. Here, with respect to the meaning that is not obvious, in "six designations," "declares, teaches, designates, establishes" in places where it appears, showing, revealing, is called designation. In places where it appears, "well-designated couch or chair," establishing, placing, is called designation, here, both are applicable. For "six designations" means six declarations, six showings, six revealings, six establishments, six placings. For the designation of name itself shows those existing and non-existing things. It establishes them by that particular section. But "designation of aggregates," etc., is a summary showing of the nature of those designations. There, the designating, showing, revealing, establishing, and placing of aggregates as "aggregates" is called the designation of aggregates…pe… The designating, showing, revealing, establishing, and placing of persons as "persons" is called the designation of persons. These six designations alone exist. Because the designations of other conventional ultimate meanings are endless, only these are mentioned due to their prominence as examples. However, according to the non-canonical method, six designations of name, including all-encompassing existing designation, etc., appear in the commentaries, and since they have been mentioned below, they are not mentioned here. Of these, in this context, by the term "designation of persons," non-existing designation, and by the rest, existing designation, only two are obtained. However, according to the non-commentarial method, in the teachers' tradition, there are six other designations: designation based on grasping, designation based on laying down, designation based on combination, designation based on placing, designation based on that, designation based on continuity, which is called "designation of meaning." There, that which is conventionally understood by grasping and relying on the five aggregates, such as beings, by grasping the parts, such as chariots, by grasping the revolutions of the moon, etc., such as time and direction, by grasping that particular material sign, and by grasping the special development, such as the learning sign and the counterpart sign of the kasina, this is the That which is of such a nature, with such inherent characteristics, not found as an entity, or ultimately real, is called a concept of appropriation. It is called a concept because it is to be conceptualized, not because it is the act of conceptualizing. The conceptualization of this or that thing, is merely a non-existent concept. But that which, referring to and depending on something else, such as "second" in relation to "first," "short" to "long," "far" to "near," and so on, is a dependent reference; "one with an umbrella" and so on,