English
In this way, the wall located between the inner chamber and the entrance is also included, and the boundary is square in shape, both inside and outside. Outside: of the whole around the crooked wall, outside. “The boundary is inside and outside,” means there is a square boundary with the wall standing in the middle. “It is only on the upper palace,” means that since the wall between the inner chamber and the porch is one, and there is no space for twenty-one monks there, it does not descend below. It shows that the upper wall is the boundary. “It does not descend below,” means that since the marks are established and declared from the wall inwards, it does not descend to the space below, meaning it is on the palace made above. “The wall on the lower floor,” means the wall standing on the lower floor in the four directions. If the wall were to stand in only two or three directions, it would not descend below. “It descends below,” means if there is space for twenty-one monks within the lower wall, it descends. When it descends, it does not descend to the extent of the upper boundary, but descends to the extent of the wall all around. However, it descends by making the water's edge on the lower ground area, bounded by the outer and inner limits of the four walls, but not even a hair's breadth outside the walls. “From the palace wall,” means from the wall on the upper floor. “Whether it descends or not should be understood in the manner stated,” meaning if there is space for twenty-one monks below, it descends; if not, it does not descend—this is the intention, as stated in the Sāratthadīpanī (Sārattha. ṭī. Mahāvagga 3.138). In the Vimativinodanī (Vi. Vi. ṭī. Mahāvagga 2.138), however, it is stated, “It is said with reference to the single connection of the walls in the four directions on the lower floor, included within the extent of the upper boundary, with the beams and rafters, and the extent of the western boundary within that.” Although here, projections and the like are not boundaries at the time of binding, as they are places where marks are located, they should be seen as being the boundary when the boundary is bound. “Of the boundary pillars,” is said with reference to the stone pillars that are the marks. “It is connected to the upper floor,” this is said because there are no pillars for the boundary place between the walls. Which Indeed they would be. Even if the upper surface of the wall is unconnected, a palace standing on boundary pillars is indeed a boundary. But if, for a palace built upon many rows of pillars, on the ground below, within the outermost row of pillars, boundary stones are placed and a boundary is established, what is said here? Even here, "As for the upper surface of the beams supported only by the boundary pillars, all of that is indeed the boundary; there is no dispute here. But as for the upper surface of the beams supported equally by the row of boundary pillars and the non-boundary outer row of pillars, half of that is the boundary," so some say. "The whole of it is the village boundary," say others. "It is indeed a consecrated boundary," say still others. Therefore, teachers, when performing the act, having stood in a place free from doubt, should perform the act only after purifying all such doubtful places, or having sought out the reason for the conclusion, it should be done in accordance with that. "A mountain with a palm-tree base" means one that is thick at the bottom like the base of a palm trunk, gradually becoming thin as it rises, like the base of a date palm. "Of canopy-like shape" means like the shape of a cobra's hood. "Of drum-like shape" means thin in the middle, and broad at the bottom and top. "At the bottom or in the middle" means at the bottom of a drum-like shape, or in the middle of a drum-like shape. "A mountain like a cobra's hood" means bent like a cobra's hood, with its head bowed elsewhere from its base. "A rock-shelter open to the sky" means a rock-shelter not enclosed by a wall. "Boundary measure" means the measure of the western boundary, including the inner space. And that stone is a boundary, meaning that a boundary is established only in a land area delimited by such hollow stones, caves, walls, etc., not in an undelimited one. But these become boundaries by being boundary-markers, not in their own nature like a boundary bed, etc., so it shows. But if that hollow stone hangs suspended in the air without touching the ground, the boundary does not descend. But the hollow stone itself is a boundary because it is connected to the boundary. But how then the western Is it to be believed that the boundary does not descend through these immeasurable hollow rocks and so on? According to the authority of the Commentaries. And here, there is no need for the boundary to descend to the lower level, like for mice and so on, following the hollow rock wall. But below, when the upper level is completely, or mostly, encompassed by rock walls and so on, two fingers thick, in the space of the last boundary's measure, then the boundary established above, being obstructed by those rocks and so on, is established at the same moment with the upper level of the ground below, which is encompassed by them. Just as a boundary across a river, even when the caves and so on on both banks, separated by the river, are removed, the boundary that has descended below does not vanish until the disappearance of the Dispensation. But if the boundary is first established above, and then caves and so on are made, the boundary still descends into the ground below. Some do not wish this. And such a boundary, established in both places, is one, like the genus of gotra and so on, in the distinctions of individuals; this should be understood. For every established and unestablished boundary, in its respective natural supporting field, such as a village or forest, is, according to its demarcation, completely pervasive everywhere at one moment. Even though the supporting ultimate phenomena themselves are not ultimately existent, and also taking into account the specific actions, they are designated as one by worldly people and by those in the Dispensation, as appropriate, and are thus of a single, supported form. Thus, in the world, there is a single designation such as "one village," "one forest," "one river," "one natural lake," "one ocean." And in the Dispensation, it is said, "That boundary, monks, is agreed upon by the Sangha. If, monks, in a forest without a village, for seven abbhantaras around, this is the common residence, the single Uposatha." Such a single designation is seen, but not in an ultimate sense. For there is no pervasion of one thing in many phenomena, because it is not comparable to the distinctions of a kasina's part and so on, which would lead to the loss of its oneness. This is our view. "Below it" means below the hood-like mountain, in the space of the mountain's slope. "Of the cave" means if a cave is made, then "of that cave." That same cave is again described in five ways. To show the determination of descending and not descending, having decided, it is said: "If, however, below," and so on. Therein, "below" is connected with "there is a cave." Below, a cave, and in one place, it is said: "inside," inside the mountain, at the foot of the mountain, this is the meaning. To specify that "inside" word by a boundary definition, it is said: "beyond the upper boundary definition." But, considering the foot of the mountain, even though it should be said "on this side," it should be understood that "beyond" is said referring to the peak of the mountain, which is dependent on the boundary. Therefore, in "a cave outside," specifying the word "outside," it is said: "on this side of the upper boundary definition." "The outer boundary does not descend" here, "outside" is said referring to a cave at the foot of the mountain. And the meaning is that the boundary does not descend in the lower part of the upper boundary definition, which is outside the cave. "The inner boundary" means that the boundary does not descend in its proper place for descending, inside both the cave and the foot of the mountain. In "the outer boundary does not descend, the inner boundary does not descend," it should be understood that the complete non-descent of the boundary is shown due to the absence of a cave in its proper place for descending. For there, if it does not descend, it is always above, this is the determination found in the Vimativinodanī. In the Sāratthadīpanī, however, it is only stated: "There is a cave inside" means "there is a cave inside the mountain." In the Vajirabuddhiṭīkā, it is stated: "Not 'a cave inside' means a cave inside the mountain. But 'beyond' and 'on this side' are said referring to the door. In any case, the intention is that it descends with a cave outside the boundary." But this determination of "cave inside" and "cave outside" is profound, difficult to see, and difficult to comprehend, so the teachers say. Nevertheless, it should be well determined by the wise, relying on the method found in the Vimativinodanī. "The boundary that falls outside" and so on, in unstable dependencies like upper palaces, etc. It should be understood that the established boundary also perishes with their destruction. They dig a pond, and regarding "it is a boundary," if a subterranean river had already flowed not less than the boundary's measure, and the boundary was later established only above the river, it should be understood that the boundary perishes when the pond is dug, touching the river. "In the lower ground level" means in the immediate ground opening. "Boundary hall" means in the courtyard of a fragmented boundary. "Banyan tree" is said because its branches, supported by aerial roots, are capable of extending very far. The connection of all trees and creepers, etc., is not permissible. Therefore, the connection of a boat rope to a bridge