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sustained application, rapture, happiness, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the first jhāna". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhāna. Therein, what is the second jhāna? Here, a monk, at the time when he develops supramundane jhāna leading to liberation, leading to the waning (of defilements), for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage (of awakening), with the fading away of initial and sustained application... ...he enters and dwells in the second jhāna. (This is) a painful practice, with slow direct knowledge. At that time, the jhāna has three factors: rapture, happiness, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the second jhāna". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhāna. Therein, what is the third jhāna? Here, a monk, at the time when he develops supramundane jhāna leading to liberation, leading to the waning (of defilements), for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage (of awakening), with the fading away of rapture... ...he enters and dwells in the third jhāna. (This is) a painful practice, with slow direct knowledge. At that time, the jhāna has two factors: happiness, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the third jhāna". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhāna. Therein, what is the fourth jhāna? Here, a monk, at the time when he develops supramundane jhāna leading to liberation, leading to the waning (of defilements), for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage (of awakening), with the abandoning of happiness... ...he enters and dwells in the fourth jhāna. (This is) a painful practice, with slow direct knowledge. At that time, the jhāna has two factors: equanimity, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the fourth jhāna". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhāna. The Fours. 629. Here, a monk, at the time when he develops supramundane jhāna leading to liberation, leading to the waning (of defilements), for the abandoning of wrong views... for the abandoning, for the attainment of the first stage, quite secluded from sensual pleasures... ...he enters and dwells in the first jhana, with painful practice and slow insight. At that time, the jhana has five factors: initial application, sustained application, rapture, pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the first jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. Here, a monk, at that time, develops supramundane jhana, leading to liberation, tending to decrease, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unwholesome states, without initial application, with only sustained application, born of seclusion, with rapture and pleasure, he enters and dwells in the second jhana, with painful practice and slow insight. At that time, the jhana has four factors: sustained application, rapture, pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the second jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. Here, a monk, at that time, develops supramundane jhana, leading to liberation, tending to decrease, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, with the fading away of initial and sustained application... ...he enters and dwells in the third jhana, with painful practice and slow insight. At that time, the jhana has three factors: rapture, pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the third jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. Here, a monk, at that time, develops supramundane jhana, leading to liberation, tending to decrease, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, with the fading away of rapture... ...he enters and dwells in the fourth jhana, with painful practice and slow insight. At that time, the jhana has two factors: pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the fourth jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. Here, a monk, at that time, develops supramundane jhana, leading to liberation, tending to decrease, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, with the abandoning of pleasure... ...he enters and dwells in the fifth jhana, painful... For one on the path of slow direct knowledge, at that time there is a two-factored jhana – equanimity, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the fifth jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. The Quintet. 4. Results of the Fine-Material Sphere 630. Four jhanas – the first jhana, the second jhana, the third jhana, the fourth jhana. 631. What is the first jhana there? Here, a monk, at that time, develops the path to rebirth in the fine-material sphere, quite secluded from sensual pleasures... (abbreviated) ...enters and dwells in the first jhana, the earth kasina, at that time there is contact... (abbreviated) ...there is non-distraction. These phenomena are wholesome. As a result of having done and accumulated that very wholesome kamma of the fine-material sphere, the result is: quite secluded from sensual pleasures... (abbreviated) ...enters and dwells in the first jhana, the earth kasina, at that time there is a five-factored jhana – initial application, sustained application, rapture, happiness, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the first jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. What is the second jhana there? Here, a monk, at that time, develops the path to rebirth in the fine-material sphere, with the fading away of initial and sustained application... (abbreviated) ...enters and dwells in the second jhana, the earth kasina, at that time there is contact... (abbreviated) ...there is non-distraction. These phenomena are wholesome. As a result of having done and accumulated that very wholesome kamma of the fine-material sphere, the result is: with the fading away of initial and sustained application... (abbreviated) ...the second jhana... (abbreviated) ...the third jhana... (abbreviated) ...the fourth jhana... (abbreviated) ...the first jhana... (abbreviated) ...enters and dwells in the fifth jhana, the earth kasina, at that time there is a two-factored jhana – equanimity, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the fifth jhana". The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana... (abbreviated). 5. Results of the Immaterial Sphere 632. Here, a monk, at that time, develops the path to rebirth in the immaterial sphere, having completely transcended the sphere of nothingness, accompanied by the perception of the sphere of neither perception nor non-perception, and with the abandoning of happiness... (abbreviated) ...the fourth. having entered and abided in that jhāna, at that time there is contact…pe… there is non-distraction. These states are wholesome. As a result of having done and accumulated that very wholesome arūpāvacara kamma, having entirely transcended the sphere of nothingness, having entered and abided in the fourth jhāna, accompanied by the perception of the sphere of neither-perception-nor-non-perception, and by the abandoning of pleasure…pe…, at that time there is a two-factored jhāna – equanimity, one-pointedness of mind. This is called “the fourth jhāna.” The remaining states are associated with jhāna. 6. Supramundane Results 633. Four jhānas – the first jhāna, the second jhāna, the third jhāna, the fourth jhāna. 634. Therein, what is the first jhāna? Here, when a bhikkhu develops a supramundane jhāna, leading to liberation, leading to the cessation of accumulation, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, quite secluded from sensual pleasures…pe… having entered and abided in the first jhāna, with painful practice and slow direct knowledge, at that time there is contact…pe… there is non-distraction. These states are wholesome. As a result of having done and developed that very wholesome supramundane jhāna, the result is: quite secluded from sensual pleasures…pe… having entered and abided in the first jhāna, with painful practice and slow direct knowledge, empty, at that time there is a five-factored jhāna – initial application, sustained application, rapture, pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called “the first jhāna.” The remaining states are associated with jhāna. Therein, what is the second jhāna? Here, when a bhikkhu develops a supramundane jhāna, leading to liberation, leading to the cessation of accumulation, for the abandoning of wrong views, for the attainment of the first stage, with the calming of initial and sustained application…pe… having entered and abided in the second jhāna, with painful practice and slow direct knowledge, at that time there is contact…pe… there is non-distraction. These states are wholesome. As a result of having done and developed that very wholesome supramundane jhāna, the result is: with the calming of initial and sustained application…pe… The second jhana... ...the third jhana... ...the fourth jhana... ...the first jhana... ...entering and dwelling in the fifth jhana, with painful practice, slow insight, emptiness. At that time, the jhana has two factors: equanimity, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the fifth jhana." The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana. 7. Functional Consciousness of Form and Formless Realms 635. Four jhanas: the first jhana, the second jhana, the third jhana, the fourth jhana. 636. What is the first jhana there? Here, a monk, at the time when he develops a form-realm jhana, functional, neither wholesome nor unwholesome, nor karmic result, for a pleasant dwelling in this very life, quite secluded from sensual pleasures... ...entering and dwelling in the first jhana, with the earth kasina. At that time, the jhana has five factors: initial application, sustained application, rapture, pleasure, one-pointedness of mind. This is called "the first jhana." The remaining phenomena are associated with jhana.