English
The element analysis. The Suttanta division. Six elements – the earth element, the water element, the fire element, the wind element, the space element, the consciousness element. What is the earth element there? The earth element is twofold – there is internal, there is external. What is the internal earth element there? That which is internal, personal, hard, solidified, hardness, the state of being hard, internal, grasped, such as – hairs, body-hairs, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone-marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, diaphragm, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, stomach, feces, or whatever else there is, internal, personal, hard, solidified, hardness, the state of being hard, internal, grasped – this is called 'the internal earth element'. What is the external earth element there? That which is external, hard, solidified, hardness, the state of being hard, external, not grasped, such as – iron, copper, tin, lead, quicksilver, pearls, gems, lapis lazuli, conch-shells, rocks, coral, silver, gold, rubies, cat's eye, grass, wood, gravel, potsherds, earth, stones, mountains, or whatever else there is, external, hard, solidified, hardness, the state of being hard, external, not grasped – this is called 'the external earth element'. And that which is the internal earth element, and that which is the external earth element, having gathered them together, having combined them – this is called "the earth element". What is the water element there? The water element is twofold – there is internal, there is external. What is the internal water element there? That which is internal, personal, water, watery, moisture, moist, binding, of form, internal, u appropriated, that is to say – bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, snot, lymph, urine, or whatever else there is internally, personally, water, watery, cohesion, cohesive, binding the body, internally appropriated – this is called 'the internal water element'. Now, what is the external water element? Whatever is external, water, watery, cohesion, cohesive, binding the body, externally unappropriated, that is to say – root sap, trunk sap, bark sap, leaf sap, flower sap, fruit sap, milk, curds, ghee, fresh butter, oil, honey, molasses, or waters from the earth, or waters from the sky, or whatever else there is external, water, watery, cohesion, cohesive, binding the body, externally unappropriated – this is called 'the external water element'. And the internal water element, and the external water element, having gathered them together, having combined them – this is called "the water element". 175. Now, what is the fire element? The fire element is twofold – there is internal, there is external. Now, what is the internal fire element? Whatever is internal, personally, fire, fiery, heat, heated, warmth, warmed, internally appropriated, that is to say – that by which one is warmed, that by which one ages, that by which one is consumed, that by which what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted is properly digested, or whatever else there is internal, personally, fire, fiery, heat, heated, warmth, warmed, internally appropriated – this is called 'the internal fire element'. Now, what is the external fire element? Whatever is external, fire, fiery, heat, heated, warmth, warmed, externally unappropriated, that is to say – wood fire, straw fire, chip fire, grass fire, cow-dung fire, husk fire, rubbish fire, lightning fire, heat from fire, heat from the sun, heat from a pile of wood, heat from a pile of grass, heat from a pile of grain water, the heat of accumulated goods, or whatever else there may be of external fire, that which pertains to fire, heat, that which pertains to heat, warmth, that which pertains to warmth, external, not clung to – this is called the ‘external fire element’. And that internal fire element and that external fire element, having gathered them together, having summarized them – this is called the ‘‘fire element’’. 176. Therein, what is the wind element? The wind element is twofold – there is internal, there is external. Therein, what is the internal wind element? That which is internal, personal, wind, pertaining to wind, the stiffening of matter, internal, clung to, namely – upward-going winds, downward-going winds, winds in the belly, winds in the intestines, winds coursing through the limbs, knife-like winds, razor-like winds, lotus-like winds, in-breath, out-breath, or whatever else there may be of internal, personal, wind, pertaining to wind, the stiffening of matter, internal, clung to – this is called the ‘internal wind element’. Therein, what is the external wind element? That which is external, wind, pertaining to wind, the stiffening of matter, external, not clung to, namely – easterly winds, westerly winds, northerly winds, southerly winds, dusty winds, dustless winds, cold winds, hot winds, slight winds, strong winds, black winds, hurricane winds, wing winds, eagle winds, fan winds, winnowing winds, or whatever else there may be of external, wind, pertaining to wind, the stiffening of matter, external, not clung to – this is called the ‘external wind element’. And that internal wind element and that external wind element, having gathered them together, having summarized them – this is called the ‘‘wind element’’. 177. Therein, what is the space element? The space element is twofold – there is internal, there is external. Therein, what is the internal space element? That which is internal, personal, space, pertaining to space, emptiness, pertaining to emptiness, a void, pertaining to a void, uncontacted by flesh and blood Herein, that which is internal, appropriated, namely – the ear-hole, the nostril, the mouth-opening, that by which what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted is taken in, that where what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted remains, that by which what is eaten, drunk, chewed, and tasted passes out downwards, or whatever else there is internally, personally, space, spatial, emptiness, empty, an opening, open, untouched by flesh and blood, internally appropriated – this is called the 'internal space element'. Now, what is the external space element? That which is external, space, spatial, emptiness, empty, an opening, open, untouched by the four great elements, externally unappropriated – this is called the 'external space element'. And that which is the internal space element, and that which is the external space element, having gathered them together, having combined them – this is called the 'space element'. 178. Now, what is the consciousness element? The eye-consciousness element, the ear-consciousness element, the nose-consciousness element, the tongue-consciousness element, the body-consciousness element, the mind-consciousness element – this is called the 'consciousness element'. These are the six elements. 179. And further, six elements – the element of pleasure, the element of pain, the element of joy, the element of sorrow, the element of equanimity, the element of ignorance. 180. Now, what is the element of pleasure? That which is bodily agreeable, bodily pleasant, agreeable and pleasant feeling born of bodily contact, agreeable and pleasant sensation born of bodily contact – this is called the 'element of pleasure'. Now, what is the element of pain? That which is bodily disagreeable, bodily painful, disagreeable and painful feeling born of bodily contact, disagreeable and painful sensation born of bodily contact – this is called the 'element of pain'. Now, what is the element of joy? That which is mental agreeable, mental pleasant, agreeable and pleasant feeling born of mental contact, agreeable and pleasant sensation born of mental contact – this is called the 'element of joy'. Now, what is the element of sorrow? That which is mental disagreeable, mental suffering, born of mental contact, unpleasant, painful feeling, unpleasant, painful sensation born of mental contact – this is called "the element of displeasure". Therein, what is the element of equanimity? That mental (feeling) which is neither pleasant nor unpleasant, born of mental contact, neither painful nor pleasant feeling, neither painful nor pleasant sensation born of mental contact – this is called "the element of equanimity". Therein, what is the element of ignorance? That which is not knowing, not seeing, not understanding, not comprehending, not awakening, not penetrating, not grasping, not fathoming, not reflecting, not reviewing, not making clear, dullness, foolishness, lack of clear comprehension, delusion, great delusion, utter delusion, ignorance, the flood of ignorance, the yoke of ignorance, the latent tendency of ignorance, the obsession of ignorance, the fetter of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome states – this is called "the element of ignorance". These are the six elements. Also another six elements – the element of sensual desire, the element of ill-will, the element of harmfulness, the element of renunciation, the element of non-ill-will, the element of non-harmfulness. Therein, what is the element of sensual desire? Connected with sensual desire, thought, initial application, intention, focusing, directing, placing of the mind, wrong intention – this is called the element of sensual desire. Taking Avīci hell as the lower limit, and the devas of the realm of "controlling others' creations" as the upper limit, whatever is within this interval, within this range, included therein, the aggregates, elements, and sense bases, form, feeling, perception, mental formations, consciousness – this is called "the element of sensual desire". Therein, what is the element of ill-will? Connected with ill-will, thought, initial application, intention, focusing, directing, placing of the mind, wrong intention – this is called "the element of ill-will". Or in the ten grounds for resentment, the striking of the mind, counter-striking, resentment, opposition, anger,