English
investigation, thorough investigation, investigation of phenomena, discernment, observation, close observation, sagacity, skill, cleverness, discernment, thought, investigation, wisdom, intellect, leading insight, insight, comprehension, goad, wisdom, faculty of wisdom, power of wisdom, weapon of wisdom, palace of wisdom, light of wisdom, radiance of wisdom, lamp of wisdom, gem of wisdom, non-delusion, investigation of phenomena, right view. Mindfulness: that which is mindfulness, recollection... ...right mindfulness. So wisdom and mindfulness, thus spoke Venerable Ajita. And name-and-form, dear sir: Name means the four formless aggregates. Form means the four great elements and the derived form of the four great elements. Dear sir is an affectionate address, a respectful address, an address of reverence and esteem, dear sir. And name-and-form, dear sir. This, being asked by me, declare: This by me means what I ask, what I request, what I entreat, what I propitiate. Being asked means questioned, requested, entreated, propitiated. Declare means declare, explain, teach, make known, establish, reveal, analyze, make clear, make manifest. This, being asked by me, declare. Where does this cease? Where does this cease, disappear, subside, come to an end, become tranquil? Where does this cease? Therefore, that brahmin said: "Wisdom and mindfulness, And name-and-form, dear sir; This, being asked by me, declare, Where does this cease?" 6. This question you have asked, Ajita, I will tell you; Where name and form, Completely cease; With the cessation of consciousness, There this ceases. This question you have asked: This means wisdom and mindfulness and name-and-form. You have asked means you have asked, requested, entreated, propitiated. This question you have asked. Ajita, I will tell you: Ajita: the Blessed One addresses that brahmin by name. This means wisdom and mindfulness and name-and-form. I will tell means I will tell, explain, teach, make known, establish, reveal, analyze, make clear, make manifest. Ajita, I will tell. I tell you. Where name and form, without remainder, cease— By 'name' are meant the four immaterial aggregates. By 'form' are meant the four great elements and form derived from the four great elements. By 'without remainder' is meant completely, entirely, in every way, without remainder, without residue; this word signifies exhaustion. By 'cease' is meant cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Where name and form, without remainder, cease. Through the cessation of consciousness, here it ceases. Through the cessation of conditioned consciousness by stream-entry path knowledge, name and form that would arise in the immeasurable samsara, excluding seven existences, these cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Through the cessation of conditioned consciousness by once-returner path knowledge, name and form that would arise in five existences, excluding two existences, these cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Through the cessation of conditioned consciousness by non-returner path knowledge, name and form that would arise in the form realm or formless realm, excluding one existence, these cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Through the cessation of conditioned consciousness by Arahantship path knowledge, name and form that would arise, these cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Through the cessation of the last consciousness of an Arahant attaining parinibbāna in the element of Nibbāna without remainder, wisdom and mindfulness, and name and form, these cease, subside, go to an end, become tranquil. Thus, through the cessation of consciousness, here it ceases. Therefore, the Blessed One said: "This question you asked, Ajita, I tell you: Where name and form, without remainder, cease— Through the cessation of consciousness, there it ceases." 7. And those who have known the Dhamma O revered one, and those who are learners, many here; Of them, their conduct, being asked, tell me, dear sir. "And those who are understood phenomena" – by "understood phenomena" are meant Arahants, those with defilements destroyed. For what reason are Arahants, those with defilements destroyed, called "understood phenomena"? They are understood phenomena, known phenomena, weighed phenomena, discerned phenomena, clearly understood phenomena, made clear phenomena. "All formations are impermanent" – thus they are understood phenomena, known phenomena, weighed phenomena, discerned phenomena, clearly understood phenomena, made clear phenomena. "All formations are suffering" – thus they are understood phenomena… "All phenomena are non-self" – thus they are understood phenomena… "Conditioned by ignorance are formations" – thus they are understood phenomena… "Whatever is of the nature to arise, all that is of the nature to cease" – thus they are understood phenomena, known phenomena, weighed phenomena, discerned phenomena, clearly understood phenomena, made clear phenomena. Or, for them, the aggregates are understood, the elements are understood, the sense bases are understood, the destinations are understood, the rebirths are understood, the re-linking is understood, the existences are understood, the wanderings are understood, the rounds of existence are understood. Or, they stand at the end of the aggregates, they stand at the end of the elements, they stand at the end of the sense bases, they stand at the end of the destinations, they stand at the end of the rebirths, they stand at the end of the re-linking, they stand at the end of existences, they stand at the end of wanderings, they stand at the end of the rounds of existence, they stand in their final existence, they stand in their final body, they are Arahants bearing their final body. And for them, this is the last, this is the final body; The wandering of birth and death, there is no renewed existence for them. For that reason, Arahants, those with defilements destroyed, are called "understood phenomena". "And those who are understood phenomena, and those learners, many here." "Learners" – for what reason are they called learners? They learn, therefore they are learners. And what do they learn? They learn higher morality, they learn higher mind, they learn higher wisdom. What is the training in higher morality? Here, a monk is moral, he dwells restrained by the restraint of the Pātimokkha, endowed with good conduct and resort. Seeing danger in the slightest faults, he undertakes and trains in the precepts. Whether a small aggregate of virtue or a great aggregate of virtue, virtue is the foundation, the beginning, the conduct, restraint, control, the mouth, the chief means for the attainment of wholesome states – this is the training in higher virtue. What is the training in higher mind? Here, a monk, quite secluded from sensual pleasures… (and so on) enters and dwells in the first jhana… the second jhana… the third jhana… the fourth jhana – this is the training in higher mind. What is the training in higher wisdom? Here, a monk is wise, endowed with wisdom that sees rise and fall, noble, penetrative, leading to the right destruction of suffering. He truly understands: "This is suffering." "This is the origin of suffering." (and so on) "This is the cessation of suffering." "This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering." – he truly understands. "These are the taints." (and so on) "This is the origin of the taints." "This is the cessation of the taints." "This is the origin of the taints." "This is the path leading to the cessation of the taints." – he truly understands. "This is the training in higher wisdom." These three trainings, reflecting, they train; knowing, they train; seeing, they train; resolving the mind, they train; being devoted with faith, they train; exerting energy, they train; establishing mindfulness, they train; concentrating the mind, they train; understanding with wisdom, they train; fully knowing what is to be fully known, they train; fully comprehending what is to be fully comprehended, they train; abandoning what is to be abandoned, they train; developing what is to be developed, they train; realizing what is to be realized, they train; they practice, they fully practice, they undertake and live by them. For that reason, they are called – trainees. "Puthū" means many. These trainees are stream-enterers and those on the path to stream-entry, once-returners and those on the path to once-returning, non-returners and those on the path to non-returning, arahants and those on the path to arahantship. "Here" means in this view, in this patience, in this preference, in this acceptance, in this Dhamma, in this Vinaya, in this Dh... in this discipline, in this teaching, in this holy life, in this Teacher's Dispensation, in this existence, in this human world – and those who are learners, many here. "To me, the wise one, their conduct, being asked, declare, dear sir!" You too are wise, discerning, intelligent, clever, knowing, sagacious. Of those whose natures are understood, and of the learners, their conduct, behavior, way of life, practice, action, resort, dwelling, path. "Being asked" means questioned, requested, implored, pleased. "Declare" means tell, explain, teach, make known, establish, reveal, distinguish, clarify, make manifest. "Dear sir" is an affectionate address, a respectful address, an address of reverence and esteem. "Dear sir" – "To me, the wise one, their conduct, being asked, declare, dear sir!" Therefore, that brahmin said: "And those whose natures are understood, and those who are learners, many here; To me, the wise one, their conduct, being asked, declare, dear sir!" 8. One should not crave for sensual pleasures, one should be undisturbed in mind; Skilled in all phenomena, mindful, a bhikkhu should wander. "One should not crave for sensual pleasures." "Sensual pleasures" are, by enumeration, two kinds of pleasures: