English
Of one whose mind is sent forth: "This is the path leading to the cessation of suffering." Of one whose mind is sent forth: "These are the defilements." to one who has been sent (to understand) "this is the path leading to the cessation of defilements"; to one who has been sent (to understand) "these phenomena are to be fully known"; to one who has been sent (to understand) "these phenomena are to be realized"; to one who has been sent (to understand) the origin, disappearance, gratification, danger, and escape from the six sense bases; to one who has been sent (to understand) the origin, disappearance, gratification, danger, and escape from the five clinging-aggregates... (and) the four great elements; to one who has been sent (to understand) "whatever is of the nature to arise, all that is of the nature to cease." A bhikkhu means a virtuous ordinary person (bhikkhu) or a trainee (bhikkhu) – a bhikkhu with a resolute mind. Then the Elder Sāriputta said – What should be his endeavors, What should be his resorts here; What should be his observances, For a bhikkhu with a resolute mind? 197. What training should he undertake, One-pointed, discerning, mindful; Like a smith of silver, He should blow away his own impurities. ‘What training should he undertake’ means: what training should he take up, undertake, grasp, seize, embrace, firmly adhere to – ‘what training should he undertake’. ‘One-pointed, discerning, mindful’ means: ‘One-pointed’ means one-pointed in mind, undistracted in mind, with an unscattered mind, tranquility, the faculty of concentration, the power of concentration… (and) right concentration. ‘Discerning’ means discerning, wise, intelligent, sagacious, knowing, understanding, astute. ‘Mindful’ means mindful for four reasons – mindful by developing mindfulness of the body as body-contemplation; mindful of feelings… (and) of mind… (and) of phenomena as phenomena-contemplation. That is called mindful – mindful. ‘What training should he undertake’ asks about the training in higher virtue. ‘One-pointed’ asks about the training in higher mind. ‘Discerning’ asks about the training in higher wisdom. ‘Mindful’ asks about purity – ‘what training should he undertake, one-pointed, discerning, mindful’. ‘Like a smith of silver, he should blow away his own impurities’ means: ‘Smith’ is called a goldsmith. ‘Silver’ is called gold. Just as a goldsmith... Just as for gold, he blows, melts, purifies even coarse impurity, he blows, melts, purifies even medium impurity, he blows, melts, purifies even subtle impurity; just so, a monk blows, melts, purifies his own coarse defilements, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught; even medium defilements... even subtle defilements he blows, melts, purifies, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught. Or else, a monk his own impurity of lust, impurity of hatred, impurity of delusion, impurity of conceit, impurity of wrong view, impurity of defilement, impurity of misconduct, that which causes blindness, that which causes no vision, that which causes ignorance, that which obstructs wisdom, that which is on the side of vexation, that which does not lead to Nibbāna— he blows, melts, purifies, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught. Or else, with right view, he blows, melts, purifies wrong view, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught. With right intention, wrong intention... With right speech, wrong speech... With right action, wrong action... With right livelihood, wrong livelihood... With right effort, wrong effort... With right mindfulness, wrong mindfulness... With right concentration, wrong concentration... With right knowledge, wrong knowledge... With right liberation, wrong liberation— he blows, melts, purifies, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught. Or else, with the Noble Eightfold Path, all defilements, all misconducts, all anxieties, all fevers (of passion), all torments, all unwholesome volitional formations— he blows, melts, purifies, abandons, dispels, makes an end of, brings to naught. Just as a smith purifies his own impurity from silver. Therefore, the Elder Sāriputta said: "What training should he undertake, being unified, discerning, mindful; just as a smith purifies his own impurity from silver?" For one who is disgusted, that which is comfortable, an empty seat... This path, indeed, for one who practices; For one desiring perfect enlightenment, in accordance with the Dhamma, That I will declare to you, as I understand it. For one who is disgusted, this is comfort. "For one who is disgusted" means: Disgusted with birth, With aging... with sickness... with death... With sorrow... with lamentation... with pain... with grief... with despair... (etc.) Disgusted with the suffering of wrong views, Feeling oppressed, feeling ashamed – for one who is disgusted. "This is comfort" means: I will explain what comfortable living is. What is comfortable living? Right practice, Conforming practice, Non-opposing practice, Non-conflicting practice, Meaningful practice, Practice in accordance with the Dhamma, Fulfilling the precepts, Guarding the sense doors, Moderation in eating, Devotion to wakefulness, Mindfulness and clear comprehension, The four foundations of mindfulness, The four right exertions, The four bases of psychic power, The five faculties, The five powers, The seven factors of enlightenment, The Noble Eightfold Path, Nibbāna and the path leading to Nibbāna – This is comfortable living – for one who is disgusted, this is comfort. "Sāriputta," "Bhagavā." He addresses that elder by name. "Bhagavā" is a term of respect. Moreover, Bhagavā means "he who has broken lust," Bhagavā means "he who has broken hatred," Bhagavā means "he who has broken delusion," Bhagavā means "he who has broken conceit," Bhagavā means "he who has broken wrong views," Bhagavā means "he who has broken the arrows (of craving)," Bhagavā means "he who has broken defilements," Bhagavā means "he who has shared, distributed, divided the jewel of the Dhamma," Bhagavā means "he who has put an end to existences," Bhagavā means "he whose body is developed, whose morality is developed, whose mind is developed, whose wisdom is developed;" Or Bhagavā means "he who has resorted to remote forest dwellings, Quiet, without noise, secluded, Suitable for human solitude, Conducive to seclusion," Or Bhagavā means "he who is a partaker of robes, Almsfood, dwellings, Medicines for the sick, and requisites," Or Bhagavā means "he who is a partaker of the taste of meaning, The taste of Dhamma, the taste of liberation, and..." Of higher virtue, of higher mind, of higher wisdom, is the Blessed One. Or the Blessed One is a partaker of the four jhānas, of the four immeasurables, of the four formless attainments, is the Blessed One. Or the Blessed One is a partaker of the eight liberations, of the eight spheres of mastery, of the nine successive attainments of dwelling, is the Blessed One. Or the Blessed One is a partaker of the ten perceptions to be developed, of the ten kasiṇa attainments, of the concentration of mindfulness of breathing, of the attainment of foulness, is the Blessed One. Or the Blessed One is a partaker of the four foundations of mindfulness, of the four right exertions, of the four bases of spiritual power, of the five faculties, of the five powers, of the seven factors of enlightenment, of the Noble Eightfold Path, is the Blessed One. Or the Blessed One is a partaker of the ten powers of a Tathāgata, of the four confidences, of the four analytical knowledges, of the six supernormal powers, of the six Buddha-qualities, is the Blessed One. The Blessed One – this name was not made by a mother, nor made by a father, nor made by a brother, nor made by a sister, nor made by friends and companions, nor made by blood relatives, nor made by ascetics and brahmins, nor made by deities. This is an ultimate liberation for the Buddhas, the Blessed Ones, a true designation attained at the foot of the Bodhi tree, together with the attainment of omniscience, namely, 'the Blessed One.' Thus, Sāriputta, is the Blessed One. Resorting to an empty seat, a dwelling, he goes. A seat is called that where one sits – a couch, a chair, a cushion, a mat, a piece of leather, a grass mat, a leaf mat, a straw mat. A dwelling is called a lodging, a monastery, a half-gabled house, a palace, a mansion, a cave. That seat and dwelling is empty, secluded, utterly secluded from the sight of unsuitable forms; empty, secluded, utterly secluded from the hearing of unsuitable sounds... empty, secluded, utterly secluded from the five unsuitable sense-pleasures. Resorting to, frequenting, associating with, attending to that seat and dwelling – he resorts to an empty seat, a dwelling. For one desiring perfect enlightenment, in accordance with the Dhamma. Perfect enlightenment is called knowledge in the four paths, wisdom, the faculty of wisdom, the power of wisdom. ...the investigation-of-states-enlightenment-factor is examination, insight, right view. For one who desires to awaken to that perfect enlightenment, to follow that enlightenment, to comprehend that enlightenment, to fully awaken to that enlightenment, to attain it, to experience it, to realize it – for one who desires perfect enlightenment. What are the things in accordance with the Dhamma? What are the things in accordance with enlightenment? Right practice, suitable practice, unopposed practice, unconflicting practice, meaningful practice, practice in accordance with the Dhamma: perfection in virtues, guardedness of the sense doors, moderation in eating, devotion to wakefulness, mindfulness and clear comprehension – these are called the things in accordance with enlightenment. Or, insight in the preliminary stage of the four paths – these are called the things in accordance with enlightenment – for one who desires perfect enlightenment, in accordance with the Dhamma.