English
One who asserts fixed views is ill-led, difficult to teach, difficult to understand, difficult to observe, difficult to satisfy... Thus – one fixed in views is not easy to guide. One who has preconceived views as foremost. Conceived, preconceived, fabricated, established, proceeds having made views foremost. Having views as a banner, having views as an emblem, having views as a chief authority, proceeds surrounded by views – one who has preconceived views as foremost. Whatever he relies on, there he says it is good. "Whatever he relies on" means: whatever teacher, whatever teaching, whatever group, whatever view, whatever practice, whatever path, he relies on, clings to, adheres to, approaches, is devoted to, is intent on – whatever he relies on. "There" means: by his own view, by his own acceptance, by his own liking, by his own doctrine. "He says it is good" means: a good saying, a beautiful saying, a wise saying, a firm saying, a logical saying, a reasoned saying, a characteristic saying, a causal saying, a proper saying, by his own doctrine – whatever he relies on, there he says it is good. Proclaiming purity, there he saw it as such. A proclaimer of purity, a proclaimer of purification, a proclaimer of complete purity, a proclaimer of clarity, a proclaimer of complete clarity. Or else, one who sees purity, one who sees purification, one who sees complete purity, one who sees clarity, one who sees complete clarity – a proclaimer of purity. "There" means: by his own view, by his own acceptance, by his own liking, by his own doctrine, he saw, he perceived, he beheld, he penetrated what is true, real, existent, actual, not otherwise – proclaiming purity, there he saw it as such. Therefore the Blessed One said: "One fixed in views is not easy to guide, having preconceived views as foremost; Whatever he relies on, there he says it is good, proclaiming purity, there he saw it as such." 146. A brahmin does not enter into reckoning with a kalpa, nor is he one who roams in views, nor is he bound by knowledge; And having known the conventions of the many, he remains equanimous, thinking "this is grasping." "A brahmin does not enter into reckoning with a kalpa." "Na" is a negation. "Brahmin" means one who has banished the seven defilements... such a one is called a brahmin, one who is untainted. "Kalpa" means two kalpas: the kalpa of craving and the kalpa of views... this is the kalpa of craving... this is the kalpa of views. "Saṅkhā" is called knowledge. Which Wisdom is knowing... ...non-delusion, investigation of phenomena, right view. A brahmin does not approach a view, having reckoned. A brahmin, having reckoned, having known, having weighed, having investigated, having clarified, having made clear: "All formations are impermanent..." "All formations are suffering..." "...whatever is of the nature to arise, all that is of the nature to cease." Having reckoned, having known, having weighed, having investigated, having clarified, having made clear, he does not lead to, does not approach, does not go to, does not grasp, does not cling to, does not adhere to a view based on craving or a view based on wrong view. Thus, a brahmin does not approach a view, having reckoned. Not one who follows views, nor one bound by knowledge. For him, the sixty-two views are abandoned, eradicated, calmed, tranquilized, incapable of arising again, burnt by the fire of knowledge. He, by views, is not led, is not guided, is not carried away, is not swept away. Nor does he consider that view as essential, nor does he return to it. Thus, not one who follows views. Nor one bound by knowledge means: by the knowledge of the eight attainments or by the knowledge of the five supernormal powers, he does not make, does not generate, does not produce, does not bring forth, does not manifest a bond of craving or a bond of views. Thus, not one who follows views, nor one bound by knowledge. And he, having known the conventions of ordinary people. "Having known" means: having known, having understood, having weighed, having investigated, having clarified, having made clear. "All formations are impermanent," having known, having understood, having weighed, having investigated, having clarified, having made clear. "All formations are suffering..." "...whatever is of the nature to arise, all that is of the nature to cease." Having known, having understood, having weighed, having investigated, having clarified, having made clear. Thus, and he, having known. "Conventions" are called the sixty-two views, the conventions of views. "Of ordinary people" means: or those conventions generated by ordinary people. Thus, "of ordinary people." Or conventions generated by various different people. Thus, "of ordinary people." And he, having known the conventions of ordinary people. He remains equanimous, he considers it grasping. Others, by way of craving, by way of views, grasp, cling, adhere... adhere. The Arahant is equanimous, does not grasp, does not cling, does not adhere—I think he is equanimous, not grasping. Therefore the Blessed One said: "The brahmin does not come to be reckoned in an eon, nor is he devoted to views, nor bound by knowledge; Having known the conventions of the many, he is equanimous, I think, not grasping." 147. The sage in this world has released the knots, in disputes arisen he is not partial; He is equanimous towards the good and the bad, not grasping, I think, not grasping. "The sage in this world has released the knots." Knots are the four knots: covetousness is a bodily knot, ill-will is a bodily knot, adherence to rites and rituals is a bodily knot, adherence to the view "this is true" is a bodily knot. Attachment to one's own view is covetousness, a bodily knot; aversion, displeasure towards others' views is ill-will, a bodily knot; clinging to one's own virtue or practice or rites and rituals is adherence to rites and rituals, a bodily knot; adherence to one's own view is a bodily knot, adherence to the view "this is true" is a bodily knot. "Released" means having abandoned the knots, released. Or, having burst the knots that are tied, bound, fastened, attached, clung to, entangled, fettered, released. Just as they release, untie a vehicle or a chariot or a cart or a sedan chair that is prepared; in the same way, having abandoned the knots, released. Or, having burst the knots that are tied, bound, fastened, attached, clung to, entangled, fettered, released. "Sage" means wisdom... (rest omitted) ...he is a sage who has crossed the net of attachment. "In this" means in this view... (rest omitted) ...in this human world—"the sage in this world has released the knots." "In disputes arisen he is not partial." In disputes that have arisen, come into being, originated, manifested, become apparent, going by way of desire, going by way of hatred When there is fear, he does not go with fear. When there is delusion, he does not go with delusion. He does not go with desire, he does not go with hatred, he does not go with fear, he does not go with delusion. He does not go by way of lust, he does not go by way of hatred, he does not go by way of delusion, he does not go by way of conceit, he does not go by way of views, he does not go by way of restlessness, he does not go by way of doubt, he does not go by way of latent tendencies. He is not led, not carried, not borne, not swept away by factional states. In disputes, he is not a partisan. The peaceful one is equanimous among the unpeaceful. "Peaceful" means peaceful from lust, peaceful from hatred, peaceful from delusion... peaceful, calmed, tranquilized, extinguished, cooled, gone, allayed from all unwholesome volitional formations. Thus, peaceful, calmed, tranquilized, cooled, allayed. "Among the unpeaceful" means among those who are unpeaceful, uncalmed, untranquilized, uncooled, unallayed. Thus, the peaceful one among the unpeaceful. "Equanimous" means the Arahant endowed with sixfold equanimity. Seeing a form with the eye, he is neither pleased nor displeased, he dwells equanimous, mindful and comprehending. Hearing a sound with the ear... he awaits the time, the developed peaceful one. Thus, the peaceful one is equanimous among the unpeaceful. He considers non-grasping as grasping. Others grasp, cling, and adhere by way of craving and by way of views. The Arahant is equanimous, does not grasp, does not cling, does not adhere. Thus, he considers non-grasping as grasping. Therefore, the Blessed One said: "Having released the knots in this world, the sage, In disputes, is not a partisan; The peaceful one is equanimous among the unpeaceful, He considers non-grasping as grasping." 148. Having abandoned past defilements, not creating new ones, He is not led by desire, nor is he a proponent of views; He, the wise one, is liberated from views, He does not cling to the world, not blaming the non-self. "Having abandoned past defilements, not creating new ones" means past defilements are called past forms, feelings, perceptions, volitional formations, consciousness. Past volitional formations... Whatever defilements might arise concerning these, having abandoned, renounced, given up, forsaken, dispelled, made an end of, brought to naught those defilements – having abandoned former influxes. Not making new ones; new are called the present form, feeling, perception, mental formations, consciousness. Concerning the present mental formations, not making desire, not making affection, not making passion, not generating, not producing, not bringing forth, not causing to arise – having abandoned former influxes, not making new ones. Not gone by desire, nor a dogmatist. He does not go by the way of desire, he does not go by the way of hatred, he does not go by the way of delusion, he does not go by the way of fear, he does not go by way of lust, he does not go by way of hatred, he does not go by way of delusion, he does not go by way of conceit,