English
“He will do me harm” – anger arises, “He did harm to my dear and beloved one… he is doing harm… he will do harm” – anger arises, “He did good to my disliked and unloved one… he is doing good… he will do good” – anger arises, or anger arises without cause. Whatever such mental affliction, resentment, hostility, opposition, wrath, indignation, intense indignation, malice, ill-will, intense ill-will, mental perversion, mental defilement, anger, being angry, the state of being angry, malice, being malicious, the state of being malicious, perversion, being perverted, the state of being perverted, opposition, counter-opposition, fierceness, fury, discontent of mind – this is called And this is anger. And the extreme minuteness of anger should be known. There is some time when anger merely disturbs the mind, and not yet does it distort the face; there is some time when anger merely distorts the face, and not yet does it move the jaw; there is some time when anger merely moves the jaw, and not yet does it utter harsh speech; there is some time when anger merely utters harsh speech, and not yet does it look around in all directions; there is some time when anger merely looks around in all directions, and not yet does it grasp a stick or weapon; there is some time when anger merely grasps a stick or weapon, and not yet does it raise a stick or weapon; there is some time when anger merely raises a stick or weapon, and not yet does it strike down with a stick or weapon; there is some time when anger merely strikes down with a stick or weapon, and not yet does it cut and sever; there is some time when anger merely cuts and severs, and not yet does it break and smash; there is some time when anger merely breaks and smashes, and not yet does it dismember limb by limb; there is some time when anger merely dismembers limb by limb, and not yet does it take away life; there is some time when anger merely takes away life, and not yet does it settle for the abandonment of all good things. When anger, having killed another person, kills oneself, then anger has reached its highest peak, has attained its greatest expansion. He whose anger is abandoned, uprooted, calmed, tranquilized, incapable of arising again, burnt by the fire of wisdom, he is called 'unangered'. Because anger is abandoned, he is unangered; because the basis of anger is fully understood, he is unangered; because the cause of anger is cut off, he is unangered – he is unangered. A fearful one. Here, some person is fearful, greatly fearful, extremely fearful. He trembles, greatly trembles, extremely trembles, fears, falls into terror. "I do not obtain family support," "I do not obtain a following," "I do not obtain a dwelling," "I do not obtain gain," "I do not obtain fame," "I do not obtain praise," "I do not obtain happiness," "I do not obtain robes," "I do not obtain almsfood," "I do not obtain a lodging," "I do not obtain requisites for the sick, medicine, and provisions," "I do not obtain an attendant for the sick," "I am unknown"— thus he trembles, greatly trembles, extremely trembles, fears, falls into terror. Here, a monk is fearless, not greatly fearful, not extremely fearful. He does not tremble, does not greatly tremble, does not extremely tremble, does not fear, does not fall into terror. "I do not obtain family support," "I do not obtain a following," "I do not obtain a dwelling," "I do not obtain gain," "I do not obtain fame," "I do not obtain praise," "I do not obtain happiness," "I do not obtain robes," "I do not obtain almsfood," "I do not obtain a lodging," "I do not obtain requisites for the sick, medicine, and provisions," "I do not obtain an attendant for the sick," "I am unknown"— thus he does not tremble, does not greatly tremble, does not extremely tremble, does not fear, does not fall into terror. —Without anger, fearless. Not boastful, not remorseful. Here, some person is boastful, greatly boastful. He boasts, he greatly boasts: "I am accomplished in virtue," or "accomplished in observances," or "accomplished in virtue and observances," or "by birth," or "by clan," or "by being a son of a good family," or "by beauty of complexion," or "by wealth," or "by study," or "by profession," or "by craft," or "by knowledge," or "by learning," or "by ready wit," or "by some other thing or other." "I have gone forth from a high family," or "from a great family," or "from a family of great wealth," or "from a family of abundant wealth," or "I am known and famous among householders and monastics," or "I am a recipient of robes, almsfood, lodging, and requisites for the sick, medicine, and provisions," or "I am a master of the suttas," or "vin He is a noble one, or a speaker of Dhamma, or a forest dweller, or an alms-round eater, or a rag-robe wearer, or a three-robe wearer, or one who goes on continuous alms-round, or one who refuses a second meal, or a sitter, or one who accepts any lodging, or a gainer of the first jhana, or a gainer of the second jhana, or a gainer of the third jhana, or a gainer of the fourth jhana, or a gainer of the attainment of the sphere of infinite space... of infinite consciousness... of nothingness... of neither perception nor non-perception, he praises himself, he boasts. Thus he does not praise himself, he does not boast. From self-praise and boasting he is far removed, abstained, completely abstained, gone forth, escaped, completely freed, disjoined. He dwells with a mind that has transcended boundaries – this is one who does not boast. One without remorse. Remorse means remorse about hands, remorse about feet, remorse about hands and feet, perception of allowable in unallowable, perception of unallowable in allowable, perception of proper time in improper time, perception of improper time in proper time, perception of fault in what is not a fault, perception of no fault in what is a fault; whatever such remorse, regretting, the state of regretting, mental regret, mental vexation – this is called remorse. Moreover, for two reasons remorse, mental regret, mental vexation arises: from having done and from not having done. How does remorse, mental regret, mental vexation arise from having done and from not having done? Thinking: "Bad bodily conduct has been done by me, good bodily conduct has not been done by me" – remorse, mental regret, mental vexation arises; Thinking: "Bad verbal conduct has been done by me, good verbal conduct has not been done by me"... "Bad mental conduct has been done by me, good mental conduct has not been done by me" – remorse, mental regret, mental vexation arises; Thinking: "Killing living beings has been done by me, abstinence from killing living beings has not been done by me" – remorse, mental regret, mental vexation arises; Thinking: "Taking what is not given has been done by me, abstinence from taking what is not given has not been done by me" – remorse arises. Regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises: "I committed misconduct in sensual pleasures, I did not abstain from misconduct in sensual pleasures" – regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises. "I spoke falsely, I did not abstain from false speech" – "I spoke divisively, I did not abstain from divisive speech" – "I spoke harshly, I did not abstain from harsh speech" – "I engaged in idle chatter, I did not abstain from idle chatter" – "I was covetous, I was not uncovetous" – "I harbored ill-will, I did not harbor non-ill-will" – "I held wrong view, I did not hold right view" – regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises. Thus, from having done and not having done, regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises. Or else, "I was not complete in my moral conduct" – regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises. "I was not guarded in my sense faculties" – "I was not moderate in eating" – "I was not devoted to wakefulness" – "I was not endowed with mindfulness and clear comprehension" – "My four foundations of mindfulness were undeveloped" – "My four right exertions were undeveloped" – "My four bases of psychic power were undeveloped" – "My five faculties were undeveloped" – "My five powers were undeveloped" – "My seven factors of awakening were undeveloped" – "My Noble Eightfold Path was undeveloped" – "Suffering was not fully understood by me" – "The origin was not abandoned by me" – "The path was not developed by me" – "Cessation was not realized by me" – regret, mental remorse, mental anguish arises. One whose regret is abandoned, uprooted, calmed, tranquilized, incapable of future arising, burnt by the fire of knowledge, is called one without regret – not boastful, without regret. "Speaking wisely, not arrogant." "Wisdom" is called discernment. That discernment, understanding... non-delusion, investigation of phenomena, right view. Having encompassed by wisdom, having... He speaks, having taken up speech, even speaking much, even saying much, even explaining much, even conversing much. He does not speak ill-spoken, ill-said, ill-uttered, ill-expressed, ill-phrased speech – he is a speaker of wisdom. Undisturbed, he is called. What is agitation there? That agitation of mind, the non-calming of thought, the distraction of mind, the bewilderment of mind – this is called agitation. For whom this agitation is abandoned, uprooted, calmed, pacified, incapable of arising again, burnt by the fire of knowledge, he is called undisturbed – a speaker of wisdom, undisturbed. He is indeed a sage, restrained in speech. Here, a monk, having abandoned false speech, abstains from false speech; he is a speaker of truth, firm in truth, reliable, trustworthy, not deceiving the world. Having abandoned divisive speech, he abstains from divisive speech – having heard here, he does not tell there to cause division among these; or having heard there, he does not tell here to cause division among those. Thus, he is a uniter of the divided, a promoter of the united; delighting in unity, rejoicing in unity, exulting in unity,