English
Therein consciousness is bound by desire and lust. Because consciousness is bound by desire and lust, One delights in that. Delighting in that, Even so, one looks back to the past. "Thus was my ear in the past time, thus were sounds" ... "Thus was my nose in the past time, thus were odors" ... "Thus was my tongue in the past time, thus were tastes" ... "Thus was my body in the past time, thus were tangibles..." ...or 'thus was my mind in the past, thus were phenomena'— there, consciousness is bound by desire and lust. Because consciousness is bound by desire and lust, it delights in that. Delighting in that, it thus looks back to the past. Or else, it relishes and delights in the laughter, speech, and play it had with women in the past, and finds satisfaction in that. Thus, it looks back to the past. How does it look forward to the future? 'May I be of such a form in the future'— there, it brings delight. 'May I be of such a feeling... may I be of such a perception... may I be of such volitional formations... may I be of such a consciousness in the future'— there, it brings delight. Thus, it looks forward to the future. Or else, 'may my eye be thus in the future, thus forms'— it directs its mind to the attainment of what is not yet attained. Due to the mind's direction, it delights in that. Delighting in that, it thus looks forward to the future. 'May my ear be thus in the future, thus sounds'... 'may my nose be thus in the future, thus odors'... 'may my tongue be thus in the future, thus tastes'... 'may my body be thus in the future, thus tangibles'... 'may my mind be thus in the future, thus phenomena'— it directs its mind to the attainment of what is not yet attained. Due to the mind's direction, it delights in that. Delighting in that, it thus looks forward to the future. Or else, 'by this virtue, or vow, or ascetic practice, or holy life, I shall be a deva, or one of the devas'— it directs its mind to the attainment of what is not yet attained. Due to the mind's direction, it delights in that. Delighting in that, it thus looks forward to the future— thus, looking forward or back. They crave these very desires, or former ones. 'These very desires' means desiring, relishing, wishing for, longing for, coveting the present five sense objects. not speaking. They utter the former, speaking of the past five sense-pleasures, uttering, muttering about them – these very sense-pleasures, they utter the former. Therefore the Blessed One said: Rooted in craving, bound by the allure of existence, they are hard to release, for them there is no other liberation; Looking forward or backward, these very sense-pleasures, they utter the former. Greedy for sense-pleasures, devoted, deluded, they are not to be spoken to, they are established in wrongness; Brought to suffering, they lament, "What shall we be, having fallen from here?" "Greedy for sense-pleasures, devoted, deluded." "Sense-pleasures" are, by enumeration, two kinds: material sense-objects and defilement-sense-pleasures. ...these are called material sense-objects... ...these are called defilement-sense-pleasures. Greed is called craving. That which is lust, attachment... covetousness, greed, a root of unwholesome action. By defilement-sense-pleasure, attached to material sense-objects, greedy, infatuated, obsessed, immersed, stuck, clinging, entangled – this is "greedy for sense-pleasures." "Devoted" means those who seek, search for, pursue sense-pleasures; whose conduct is such, who are abundant in it, who hold it dear, who incline towards it, who lean towards it, who tend towards it, who are devoted to it, who are dominated by it – they are devoted to sense-pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, seek, search for, pursue forms... sounds... smells... tastes... touches... they pursue, whose conduct is such, who are abundant in it, who hold it dear, who incline towards it, who lean towards it, who tend towards it, who are devoted to it, who are dominated by it – they are devoted to sense-pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, obtain forms... sounds... smells... tastes... touches, whose conduct is such, who are abundant in it, who hold it dear, who incline towards it, who lean towards it, who tend towards it, who are devoted to it, who are dominated by it – they are devoted to sense-pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, consume forms... sounds... smells... tastes... touches, whose conduct is such, who are abundant in it, who hold it dear, who incline towards it, who lean towards it, who tend towards it, who are devoted to it, who are dominated by it – they are devoted to sense-pleasures. Just as a quarrel-maker is devoted to quarreling, a worker is devoted to work, one who wanders for pasture is devoted to pasture, a meditator is devoted to meditation; just so, those who are devoted to sense-pleasures... They seek, they search, they investigate. Practicing that, abundant in that, revering that, inclined to that, tending to that, leaning to that, devoted to that, dominated by that, they too are devoted to sensual pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, seek, search, investigate forms... ...sounds... ...smells... ...tastes... ...touches... Practicing that, abundant in that, revering that, inclined to that, tending to that, leaning to that, devoted to that, dominated by that, they too are devoted to sensual pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, obtain forms... ...sounds... ...smells... ...tastes... ...touches... Practicing that, abundant in that, revering that, inclined to that, tending to that, leaning to that, devoted to that, dominated by that, they too are devoted to sensual pleasures. And those who, by way of craving, enjoy forms... ...sounds... ...smells... ...tastes... ...touches... Practicing that, abundant in that, revering that, inclined to that, tending to that, leaning to that, devoted to that, dominated by that, they too are devoted to sensual pleasures. "Deluded" means mostly gods and humans are deluded, greatly deluded, completely deluded in the five strands of sensual pleasure. They are deluded, greatly deluded, completely deluded, blinded by ignorance, covered, enveloped, veiled, hidden, concealed, obstructed. They are greedy for sensual pleasures, devoted to them, deluded by them. "They are 'avadāniya', settled in wrong conduct." "Avadāniya" means they understand. Also, the stingy are called 'avadāniya'. They do not heed the words, the explanations, the teachings, the instructions of the Buddhas and their disciples – therefore, 'avadāniya'. How do they 'understand' to be 'avadāniya'? They go to hell, they go to the animal realm, they go to the realm of hungry ghosts. Thus they 'come to understand' – 'avadāniya'. How are the stingy called 'avadāniya'? The five kinds of stinginess: stinginess regarding dwelling, regarding families, regarding gain, regarding praise, regarding the Dhamma. That which is such stinginess, being stingy, the state of being stingy, envy, miserliness, bitterness, the mind's not letting go – this is called stinginess. Moreover, stinginess regarding aggregates is also stinginess, stinginess regarding elements... ...stinginess, stinginess regarding sense-bases is grasping. This is called stinginess. By this stinginess, people endowed with not understanding are heedless. Thus, the stingy are called unteachable. How are they unteachable? Those who do not heed the word, the explanation, the teaching, the instruction of the Buddhas' disciples? They do not accept the word, the explanation, the teaching, the instruction of the Buddhas' disciples. They do not listen well. They do not lend an ear. They do not apply their minds to understanding. They are disobedient. They do not do what is said. They act contrary. They turn their face elsewhere. Thus, those who do not heed the word, the explanation, the teaching, the instruction of the Buddhas' disciples are called unteachable – unteachable. They are established in wrongdoing. They are established in wrong bodily action. They are established in wrong verbal action. They are established in wrong mental action. They are established in killing living beings. They are established in taking what is not given. They are established in sexual misconduct. They are established in false speech. They are established in divisive speech. They are established in harsh speech. They are established in idle chatter. They are established in covetousness. They are established in ill-will. They are established in wrong view. They are established in wrong formations. They are established in the five wrong sense-pleasures. They are established in the five wrong hindrances. Deeply engaged, established, clinging, fallen into, devoted to, inclined towards, stuck, stuck fast, entangled – thus, those unteachable ones are established in wrongdoing. Afflicted by suffering, they lament. Afflicted by suffering means: attained suffering, reached suffering, gone to suffering; attained Mara, reached Mara, gone to Mara; attained death, reached death, gone to death. They lament means: they babble, they wail, they grieve, they are weary, they lament, they beat their breast and cry, they fall into confusion – thus, afflicted by suffering, they lament. "What indeed shall we be, departed from here?" Departed from here, what shall we be? We shall be hell-beings. , we shall be born in the animal realm, we shall be born in the realm of hungry ghosts, we shall be human beings, we shall be devas, we shall be with form, we shall be without form, we shall be percipient, we shall be non-percipient, we shall be neither percipient nor non-percipient. "Shall we indeed exist in the future? Shall we not exist in the future? What indeed shall we be in the future? How indeed shall we be in the future? Having been what, what shall we indeed be in the future?