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then the Uposatha should not be performed by a divided Sangha. If it is performed, there is an offense of wrong-doing. Here, bhikkhus, if on the Uposatha day, kings seize a bhikkhu, ...or... robbers seize him, rogues seize him, enemies of bhikkhus seize him, those enemies of bhikkhus should be told by the bhikkhus thus: "Please, sirs, release this bhikkhu for a moment, until this bhikkhu performs the Uposatha." If they obtain this, that is good. If they do not obtain this, those enemies of bhikkhus should be told by the bhikkhus thus: "Please, sirs, stand aside for a moment, until this bhikkhu gives his purification. If he obtains this, that is good. If he does not obtain it, those bhikkhus who are his adversaries should be told by the bhikkhus thus: "Come, venerables, take this bhikkhu outside the boundary for a moment, until the Saṅgha performs the Uposatha." If he obtains this, that is good. If he does not obtain it, the Uposatha should not be performed by a divided Saṅgha. If it is performed, there is an offense of wrong-doing. 90. Authorization for a Mad Person 167. Then the Blessed One addressed the bhikkhus: "Assemble, bhikkhus, there is something for the Saṅgha to do." When this was said, a certain bhikkhu said to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, there is a bhikkhu named Gagga who is mad, and he has not come." "There are these two kinds of mad persons, bhikkhus. There is, bhikkhus, a mad bhikkhu who sometimes remembers the Uposatha and sometimes does not remember, sometimes remembers Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not remember, and there is one who never remembers; sometimes comes to the Uposatha and sometimes does not come, sometimes comes to Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not come, and there is one who never comes. Among these, bhikkhus, the mad person who sometimes remembers the Uposatha and sometimes does not remember, sometimes remembers Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not remember, sometimes comes to the Uposatha and sometimes does not come, sometimes comes to Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not come, I allow, bhikkhus, to give an authorization for a mad person of this kind. And thus, bhikkhus, it should be given. A competent and able bhikkhu should inform the Saṅgha: "May the Saṅgha, venerable sirs, listen to me. The bhikkhu Gagga is mad – he sometimes remembers the Uposatha and sometimes does not remember, he sometimes remembers Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not remember, he sometimes comes to the Uposatha and sometimes does not come, he sometimes comes to Saṅgha-acts and sometimes does not come. If it is suitable for the Saṅgha, the Saṅgha should give an authorization for a mad person to the bhikkhu Gagga, who is mad. Whether the bhikkhu Gagga remembers the Uposatha or does not remember, whether he remembers Saṅgha-acts or does not remember, whether he comes or he may or may not come to the Uposatha, he may or may not come to the Sangha-kamma, the Sangha may perform the Uposatha with Gagga or without Gagga, may perform the Sangha-kamma. This is the motion. “May the Sangha, venerable sirs, listen to me. The bhikkhu Gagga is insane – he remembers the Uposatha and he does not remember, he remembers the Sangha-kamma and he does not remember, he comes to the Uposatha and he does not come, he comes to the Sangha-kamma and he does not come. The Sangha grants to the insane bhikkhu Gagga the 'insane-designation'. Whether the bhikkhu Gagga remembers the Uposatha or does not remember, whether he remembers the Sangha-kamma or does not remember, whether he comes to the Uposatha or does not come, whether he comes to the Sangha-kamma or does not come, the Sangha will perform the Uposatha with Gagga or without Gagga, will perform the Sangha-kamma. To whichever venerable one it is agreeable to grant the 'insane-designation' to the insane bhikkhu Gagga – whether the bhikkhu Gagga remembers the Uposatha or does not remember, whether he remembers the Sangha-kamma or does not remember, whether he comes to the Uposatha or does not come, whether he comes to the Sangha-kamma or does not come, the Sangha will perform the Uposatha with Gagga or without Gagga, will perform the Sangha-kamma – let him be silent; whoever it is not agreeable to, let him speak. “The 'insane-designation' has been granted by the Sangha to the insane bhikkhu Gagga. Whether the bhikkhu Gagga remembers the Uposatha or does not remember, whether he remembers the Sangha-kamma or does not remember, whether he comes to the Uposatha or does not come, whether he comes to the Sangha-kamma or does not come, the Sangha will perform the Uposatha with Gagga or without Gagga, will perform the Sangha-kamma. The Sangha is agreeable, therefore it is silent, thus do I hold this.” 91. The Section on Uposatha and so on for the Sangha 168. Now at that time, in a certain dwelling, on that Uposatha day, four bhikkhus were residing. Then those bhikkhus It occurred to them: “The Blessed One has enjoined, ‘The Uposatha should be observed.’ But we are four people. How then should the Uposatha be observed by us?” They reported this matter to the Blessed One. “I allow, monks, for four to recite the Pātimokkha.” Now at that time, in a certain dwelling, on that Uposatha day, three monks were living. Then it occurred to those monks: “The Blessed One has allowed for four to recite the Pātimokkha. But we are three people. How then should the Uposatha be observed by us?” They reported this matter to the Blessed One. “I allow, monks, for three to perform the Uposatha of purification. And thus, monks, it should be done. A competent, capable monk should inform those monks: “Let the venerable ones listen to me. Today is the fifteenth Uposatha day. When it is suitable for the venerable ones, let us perform the Uposatha of mutual purification.” By the senior monk, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his clasped hands, those monks should be addressed thus: “I am pure, friends; hold me as pure. I am pure, friends; hold me as pure. I am pure, friends; hold me as pure.” By the junior monk, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his clasped hands, those monks should be addressed thus: “I am pure, venerable sirs; hold me as pure. I am pure, venerable sirs; hold me as pure. I am pure, venerable sirs; hold me as pure.” Now at that time, in a certain dwelling, on that Uposatha day, two monks were living. Then it occurred to those monks: “The Blessed One has allowed for four to recite the Pātimokkha, for three to perform the Uposatha of purification. But we are two people. How then should the Uposatha be observed by us?” To the Blessed One this They reported the matter. I allow, monks, for two to perform the purification Uposatha. And thus, monks, it should be done. By the elder monk, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his joined hands, the new monk should be addressed thus: ‘‘I am pure, friend; hold me as pure. I am pure, friend; hold me as pure. I am pure, friend; hold me as pure.’’ By the new monk, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his joined hands, the elder monk should be addressed thus: ‘‘I am pure, venerable sir; hold me as pure. I am pure, venerable sir; hold me as pure. I am pure, venerable sir; hold me as pure.’’ Now at that time, in a certain dwelling, on that Uposatha day, one monk was residing. Then it occurred to that monk: ‘‘The Blessed One has allowed four to recite the Pātimokkha, three to perform the purification Uposatha, two to perform the purification Uposatha. But I am alone. How then should the Uposatha be performed by me?’’ They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Here, monks, if in a certain dwelling, on that Uposatha day, one monk is residing. By that monk, monks, the place where monks gather, whether in a service hall, or a pavilion, or at the foot of a tree, that place should be swept, drinking water and food should be prepared, a seat should be arranged, a lamp should be lit, and he should sit down. If other monks come, the Uposatha should be performed with them. If they do not come, he should resolve: ‘‘Today is my Uposatha.’’ If he does not resolve, there is an offense of wrong-doing. There, monks, where four monks reside, the Pātimokkha should not be recited by three, having brought the purification of one. If they recite, there is an offense of wrong-doing. There, monks, w Where three bhikkhus dwell, having brought the purity of one, the Uposatha of purity should not be done by two. If they do, there is an offense of wrong-doing. There, bhikkhus, where two bhikkhus dwell, having brought the purity of one, it should not be resolved by one. If he resolves, there is an offense of wrong-doing. 92. The method for rectifying offenses 169. Now at that time a certain bhikkhu had incurred an offense on that Uposatha day. Then it occurred to that bhikkhu: "The Blessed One has laid down that 'the Uposatha should not be done by one who has incurred an offense.' And I have incurred an offense. How should I proceed?" They reported this matter to the Blessed One. Here, bhikkhus, if a bhikkhu has incurred an offense on that Uposatha day. That bhikkhu, bhikkhus, having approached another bhikkhu, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his hands in salutation, should say this: "Friend, I have incurred such-and-such an offense, I confess it." He should be told: "Do you see it?" "Yes, I see it." "You should restrain yourself in the future." Here, bhikkhus, if a bhikkhu is in doubt about an offense on that Uposatha day. That bhikkhu, bhikkhus, having approached another bhikkhu, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having squatted, having raised his hands in salutation, should say this: "Friend, I am in doubt about such-and-such an offense; when I am no longer in doubt, then I will rectify that offense,"