English
And the reservoir is made out of the bladder of the matured cow, bufPalo, boar, goat or sheep, and it should be flexible, even. ANCIENT HINDU MEDICINE 622 . strong and of the required , size.” Susruta IV. 35. 2-7"“*. 201. <T3 wi5tcwii(ftrai!5iT: I l a’s^taau'awa- ^'w’jrfa ai<tra, ?isi i^afa, ^ Wafa, =ai: jft’wfa, aa: ^taafa l aalalaaa" a’jfa^taiftJa- aiga; aKifia aritfa afe; a’a^airaa:; aai ■saaiataia-fnfaaafasara- fajflfTmfaa=arr^'ai'%ciaii7aiara afrw-a^afraiarflTataa-sj^ara,^ - la^a- ?snaT?^a@r^-^ai-aia^tra!a-aia^3a(^ata^-Wi'aa-ai’a-ai!i^gaan- af i^S55K]5jaiia3?jraH 'ai<aagai5at ii a af^ait a I'aa a arw a I ■ fiVa afaqi^ a afe^ i%a: aiar ii ^ aa uta^ftanafta^aaTat aaaasjTr^anmtatia affafeaiiarfaarr- asiaT^fe-aftatfiaa s^^^ai-an^airt-aalaiw atafafaaarfa'aitfa aiaf- saaaff'aaaiftg^aairfa gsaiaafanaara^tatfa faa^ia aifa I ^ wiwiaasaaaiaaiga^aiafat^a irefla afaiat ft aaiUs^ faaai: ii aafaag taiat afeaR^ a’^a f% l a^aamalaifti a^aa atai?faa>.ii x a^fa'a^^f’ aia^ir^^ ^s^at^aaflar?^^ arfaft^aaaftare- aa a^atafafaaafta^., ^jaaaarflg^aasj aft^afeaia^ ftf, %a- aiRiiaatf I aRTfa , ^ . afef^sfaja' ra?^''arrfa.l ^wiaaaaawtaig fafear ftaa ireat: i aa^aif ^na^a^afa, aajaata^ f§aaaa aa^ ii ^ aa^aifa gaaaaaawi^ftfaaaiwaraaaaKa^ra,,crania ??ifa. SURGERY, 523 Fractures : “One suffering from fractures, should avoid salt (sodium chloride), pungents, alkalies, acids, sexual indulgence, exposure to the sun, exercise and desiccant food. He should take cooked fine rice, meat-broth, milk, milk- fat, pea soup, and stimulative foods and drinks. The bark of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ticus glomerata, Picas religiosa, Butea frondosa, Terminalea arjuna, Bambusae, Shorea robusta and Picas indica for splint {laisa). Por lini¬ ment, Rubra inanjista, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Pterocarpum santalinum, and buttered rice- paste which has been repeatedly washed in. water (that is fat has been washed out from the surface of the rice paste) should be used. The w^ound should be bandaged every seventh day in the wintry season, every fifth day in the temperate season, every third, day in the hot ' weather, or according to the urgency of the needs. But if the bandage (splint) is loose, reparation of the joints does . not take place, and if too tight,'it is apt to cause inflammation of the tissues, pain and suppuration ; therefore 524 ANCIENT HINDU MEDICINE it should be properly bandaged (The reparation of the bone in fractures depends on two factors r (1) The fragments of the fractured bone are tO' he placed in apposition to one another in the normal jjosition, and kept in that condition from a week to eight weeks, according to the needs of the case, so that the bone can be repaired and consolidated, (2) The reparation principally takes place in the soft tissues surrounding the hone, and from the torn periosteum granulation tissue is formed, which when calcified forms callus and which by ossification is converted into bony structure therefore if the splint has been put on before the hones have been properly set, or if the bandage is loose, or due to ■ movement, the fragments change their place, then of course reparation can not take place, and after three months time, they lose their recuperative- power ; if on the other hand, [the fragments of the bones are very rigidly fixed, face to face, without leaving any space between them, and the bandage is very tight, there will be then minimum of callus formation. Therefore for successful reparation, both these extremes are to be avoided, and this can be only faithfully determined by X ray examination. In children SURGERY 525 normally, the reparation is rapid, especially in cancellovxs tissues).” Susruta IV. 3. 2-8®®“. Fractures of the Fhalanges or dislocation of the Metacar^o-Fhalangeal joints : “Whether the phalanges are fractured or the joints are dislocated, they should be placed in the normal apposition and bandaged (Wyeth’s finger- bandage or roller-bandage), and upon it (vul¬ nerary) butter should be applied. Metatarsal fractures : In the fractures of 202. i aiwmg n ttci vnft II -a 2^(i^qT5f *n!fm an^rai ii ii n. / smvtci^iTtPjr^ n i ’qra gg qi ii a qiVnifq sgigtqt gq? qrqr qq 'q i ^iqRqi' q^q' q si^ra qftg: ii ^ 526 ANCIENT HINDU MEDICINE the metatarsus, (vulnerary) liniment should be" applied, then bandaged, and upon it splint should ' be placed (to prevent motion and displacement of the bones). Fractures of fibula and femur : In fractures ' of the fibula (tibia) and the femur, the parts should be massaged with a liniment and the fragmented bones brought to apposition ; then after fixing a splint, they should be bandaged.. If the neck of the femur project, or the frag¬ ments of the bone tear out through the flesh, it should be given a circular bandage. Fractures of the hip-bone : In the fracture of the os innominatum (usually in the neck), the raised part of the bone should be lowered, and the depressed part raised, and thus it should be bandaged. When the hip-joint has been put in its normal place, it should be irrigated (with a vulnerary or an antiseptic). Fractures of the Ribs : If the ribs are fractured, tliey are to be rubbed with a salve, and then after placing a pin {kavalikd), the ribs are to be fixed by Hwisted suture' (iiivandhant), and then bandaged; later the patient is to be laid in an extension splint, simple idrotii) or filled with (vulnerary) oil (katdha). SURGERY 527 " Dislocation of the scapulo-humeral joint : In the dislocation of the scapulo-humeral joint, the humerus is raised, by using a hammer at the axilla, and when the bones are in their normal apposition, affixed by the 'spica bandage for the shoulder' [svastika-vandhana). Dislocation of the JElboiv-joint : If the el¬ bow joint is dislocated, it should be massaged, and then put in the normal position through extension and flexion movements ; when it is done, it should be salved. The same treatment is applicable in the dislocation of the knee-joint,, ankle-joint and radio-carpal joints (wrist-joint). Fractures of the metacarpus : In the frac¬ tures of the metacarpus after proper bandaging, it should be moistened with a (vulnerary) oil ; then to find out the strength of reparation, it should be gradually tested by holding upon the palm of the hand, a dried cow-dung ball (very light), clay-ball, and at last a stone. Dislocation of the acromio-clavicular joint : In the dislocation of the acromio-clavicular joint, if the (outer end of the) clavicle be displaced upwards, or downwards (from the acromion), after fomentation, it should be raised in the former case by a hammer, and in the latter case, depressed, and bandaged with a sti’ong support 528 ANCIENT HINDU MEDICINE (Dessault’s baadage ; in obstinate cases, if the displacement persist and cause discomfort, the bones should be held together by wiring). Fracture of the ILumerus ; In the fracture of the humerus, tlie treatment is similar to that of the femur. Sprain of the Cervical vertebral articulations If the neck is bent or depressed, it should be lirought to apposition by pressure upon the cer¬ vical vertebrse and (with the traction-aid of) maxillary bones ; it should then be bandaged after splint, and the patient laid to bed on his back for a week. Dislocation of the Temporo-Maxillary joint : In the dislocation of temporo-maxillary or tem- poro maudibular joints, the bones should be put in proper apposition and held together by five¬ tailed {pahchahg'i) bandage ( used as four-tailed bandage now-a-days), and there should be nasal injection of errhine, made of a sedative drug- cooked in butter. Pyorrhea alveolaris : If in young people, the teeth become loose, associated with bleeding gum, without any external injury, it should be treated by antiseptic cold wash and injections ; and the patient shall drink milk (during the treatment) with the (tubular) stem of Nymphaea stellata. SIJR&EUY 52S) In case of old men, the loose teeth should be ex¬ tracted (by a forceps). Injuries to the Nose : If the nasal bone caves in or is bent (by traumatism or syphilitic lesion), tiien it should be i-aised and straightened (by a speculum) and then for respiration, in two nasal cavities, two double-mouthed tubes should be inserted. When it is done, it is to be ban¬ daged, and the bandage to be kept moistened by a (vulneiMry) ointment. Injuries to the Ear : If the (ossicles of the) eare are broken, they should be put in their apposition, then after an application of a (vul¬ nerary) ointment, thev should be bandaged and treated like ordinary wounds. Injuries to the Cranium ;—In the fracture of the frontal bone, if the brain matter has not 'Come out (if the dura matter has not been pene¬ trated or hurt), after liniment, the wound shall be bandaged, and the patient shall take clarified butter (?) for a week. Injiammation ; If due to an accidental fall or traumatism, any part of tlie body becomes inflamed without any (apparent) injury, it shall be treated by cold application and fomentation (alternatively).