Chinese
手猛火热铁不以为喻铜柱铁床燋背烂肠血肉縻溃痛彻心髓作如是观唯苦无乐革囊盛粪脓血之聚外假香涂内惟臭秽不净流溢蛆虫住处鲍肆厕孔亦所不及 智者观之但见发毛爪齿薄皮厚皮血肉汗泪涕唾脓脂筋脉脑膜黄痰白痰肝胆骨髓肺脾肾胃心膏膀胱大肠小肠生藏熟藏屎尿臭处如是等物一一非人识风鼓击妄生言语 诈为亲友其实怨妒败德障道为过至重应当远离如避冤贼 是故智者观之如毒蛇想宁近毒蛇不亲女色何以故毒蛇杀人一死一生女色系缚百千万劫种种楚毒苦痛无穷谛察深思难可附近。 经云若更有一惑如淫欲大地众生无一人得道。 戒杀臆说 云栖和尚曰天地生物以供人食如种种谷种种果种种蔬果可谓千足万足何苦复将同有血气同有子母同有知觉觉痛觉痒觉生觉死之物而杀食之岂理也哉寻常说只要心好不在斋素嗟乎戮其身而啖其肉天下之言凶心惨心毒心恶心孰甚焉好心当在何处此数语最为痛切余请申之夫释氏之所为斋者以众生造杀业者定招杀报故于十戒中首重戒杀即救此杀命之人非特慈心于物己也且六畜总皆我屡世眷属不应以物命视之故不应食肉今且就世情论之人非木石岂不知爱惜物命亦非不念及轮回乃不能持素其故有二一者耽刍豢之悦口二者虑藜藿之损身(此二语出莲池师)岂知养德养身皆宜 现代汉语译本 手被猛烈的火烧灼，热铁加身，不应以此来比喻地狱之苦。铜柱铁床，焦灼后背，腐烂肠子，血肉糜烂溃散，痛苦直达心髓。应当这样观想，地狱唯有痛苦而没有快乐。如同用皮革袋子盛装粪便，脓血聚集在一起，外表用香涂抹，内部却只有臭秽不洁，不断流溢，蛆虫居住其中，即使是卖鱼的店铺和厕所的臭味也比不上。智者观察这些，只能看到头发、毛发、指甲、牙齿、薄皮、厚皮、血液、肌肉、汗水、眼泪、鼻涕、脓、脂肪、筋、脉、脑膜、黄痰、白痰、肝脏、胆囊、骨髓、肺脏、脾脏、肾脏、胃、心、脂肪、膀胱、大肠、小肠、生的内脏、熟的内脏、屎尿等污秽之物。这些东西没有一样是‘人’，只是风在其中鼓动，才虚妄地产生语言。 假装是亲友，实际上心怀怨恨嫉妒，败坏德行，阻碍修道，这种过失极其严重，应当远离他们，如同躲避仇敌。 因此，智者观察女色，应当像看待毒蛇一样。宁可接近毒蛇，也不要亲近女色。为什么呢？因为毒蛇杀人，只死一次，而女色会使人被束缚百千万劫，遭受种种楚毒，痛苦无穷。仔细观察，深入思考，难以接近女色。 经书上说，如果再有一种迷惑像淫欲一样，那么大地上就没有一个众生能够得道。 戒杀臆说 云栖和尚（Yunqi Heshang，云栖寺的僧人）说：天地生成万物，是为了供给人们食用，如各种谷物、各种水果、各种蔬菜瓜果，可谓是千足万足，何苦还要将同样有血气、同样有子母之情、同样有知觉，能感觉到疼痛、感觉到痒、感觉到生存和死亡的动物杀害并吃掉呢？这难道合乎道理吗？平常人们说只要心好，不必拘泥于吃斋。唉！戮杀它们的身体，吃它们的肉，天下的凶狠之心、惨无人道之心、恶毒之心，还有什么能超过这种行为呢？好心又在哪里呢？这几句话最为痛切。我再进一步阐述，佛教徒之所以要吃斋，是因为众生造下杀业，必定会招致杀报，所以在十戒中，首先重视戒杀，这实际上是在救助那些被杀害的生命，不仅仅是对万物怀有慈悲之心，而且六畜总的来说都是我们累世的眷属，不应该把它们看作是物品。所以不应该吃肉。现在就世俗人情来说，人非木石，难道不知道爱惜物命吗？也并非不考虑到轮回，只是不能坚持吃素，其中的原因有两个：一是贪图吃肉的快乐，二是顾虑吃素会损害身体（这两句话出自莲池大师）。岂不知修养德行和保养身体都应该适宜。
English
English version Being burned by fierce fire and hot iron, one should not use this as a metaphor for the suffering of hell. Copper pillars and iron beds, scorching the back, rotting the intestines, flesh and blood decaying and disintegrating, pain piercing the very marrow of the heart. One should contemplate in this way, that hell has only suffering and no joy. It is like using a leather bag to hold feces, pus and blood gathered together, the outside smeared with fragrance, but the inside only foul and unclean, constantly overflowing, maggots dwelling within, even the stench of a fish market and a toilet cannot compare. The wise, observing these, can only see hair, fur, nails, teeth, thin skin, thick skin, blood, flesh, sweat, tears, mucus, pus, fat, tendons, veins, meninges, yellow phlegm, white phlegm, liver, gallbladder, bone marrow, lungs, spleen, kidneys, stomach, heart, fat, bladder, large intestine, small intestine, raw organs, cooked organs, excrement, urine, and other filthy things. None of these things is a 'person'; it is only the wind blowing within them that falsely produces speech. Pretending to be friends, but actually harboring resentment and jealousy, ruining virtue, obstructing the path of cultivation, this kind of fault is extremely serious, and one should stay away from them as if avoiding enemies. Therefore, the wise, observing female allure, should regard it as they would a poisonous snake. One would rather approach a poisonous snake than be intimate with female allure. Why? Because a poisonous snake kills a person only once, while female allure will bind a person for hundreds of thousands of kalpas, suffering all kinds of tortures, endless pain. Observe carefully, think deeply, it is difficult to approach female allure. The sutra says, if there is another delusion like lust, then not a single being on earth will be able to attain enlightenment. Presumptuous Words on Abstaining from Killing Venerable Yunqi (Yunqi Heshang, a monk of Yunqi Temple) said: Heaven and earth produce all things to provide for people's food, such as various grains, various fruits, various vegetables and melons, which can be said to be more than sufficient. Why bother to kill and eat animals that also have blood and qi, also have the affection of mothers and offspring, also have consciousness, and can feel pain, feel itching, feel life and death? Is this reasonable? People usually say that as long as the heart is good, there is no need to be strict about vegetarianism. Alas! To slaughter their bodies and eat their flesh, what in the world is more cruel, more inhumane, more poisonous, and more evil than this? Where is the good heart to be found? These few words are most poignant. I will further elaborate that the reason why Buddhists abstain from eating meat is that sentient beings create the karma of killing, which will inevitably lead to retribution of killing. Therefore, among the ten precepts, the first and foremost is to abstain from killing, which is actually to help those lives that are being killed, not only to have compassion for all things, but also because the six domestic animals are generally our relatives from past lives, and we should not regard them as mere objects. Therefore, we should not eat meat. Now, in terms of worldly affairs, people are not made of wood or stone, how can they not know to cherish life? It is not that they do not consider reincarnation, but that they cannot adhere to vegetarianism. There are two reasons for this: one is to indulge in the pleasure of eating meat, and the other is to worry that eating vegetarian food will harm the body (these two sentences are from Master Lianchi). How can they know that cultivating virtue and nourishing the body are both appropriate? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
食素盖滋养胃气全凭水谷鱼肉动火本草言之甚详孙真人着卫生歌流行于世并未齿及于肉如云雁有序兮犬有义黑鲤朝北知臣礼人无礼义反食之天地神明皆不喜此等议论为何如乎近时好事者籍口养老广述杀命等事刊成书册混行于世殊可痛恨盖七十非肉不饱之说乃孟夫子论王道中之一语非如本草等书专门之论也不然七十者不应衣帛耶五十者不应食肉耶其意若谓衣帛食肉后生家不可享用惟五十以上乃可耳然未尝教人恣意杀戮极穷口腹如今人之所为者纵使杀命养命寿过彭祖然且仁者不为况无益而有损乎究竟而论人与万物皆属上帝生灵上帝好生岂有生物养人之理惟是洪荒之世禽兽逼人天生人以养万物者不知几世代矣后世圣人始教人网罟以歒禽兽不意流毒至今杀害无厌有俗人所不忍闻者讵可令圣人见耶且人食虎虎亦食人人食鲍鲍亦伤人今日且然何论洪荒生物养人之说不辨而自明矣余尝窃思末劫瘟疫流行痘症酷烈皆是杀气上于天知亦是杀冤业报而人犹不悟苦哉苦哉或曰汝极陈杀生之戒似矣惟肉不养人之说实难迁就盖食肉人肥食菜人瘦汝不能食肉便禁人食肉人谁汝信予曰非肉能肥人以肥人能食肉耳譬之健汉能行淫非淫欲能健人也又不见山中有辟谷神仙市井无百岁屠行世人一日不再饭则饿终年不食肉未死此予所自信者虽圣人复起不易吾言矣 现代汉语译本 吃素是为了滋养胃气，这完全依赖于水谷。鱼肉是动火之物，本草书籍对此有详细的论述。孙思邈（Sun Simiao）真人的《卫生歌》流传于世，但其中并未提及肉食。例如，书中说大雁迁徙有秩序，犬有忠义之心，黑鲤鱼朝北，懂得臣子的礼节。人如果没有礼义，反而吃它们，天地神明都会不高兴。这些议论怎么样呢？ 近来有些好事者，借口养老，大肆宣扬杀生之事，刊印成书，混淆视听，实在令人痛恨。所谓‘七十岁非肉不饱’的说法，只是孟子（Mencius）在论述王道时的一句话，并非像本草等书籍那样专门的论述。不然的话，七十岁的人就不应该穿丝绸衣服了吗？五十岁的人就不应该吃肉了吗？孟子的意思好像是说，穿丝绸衣服、吃肉，年轻人不应该享用，只有五十岁以上的人才可以。然而，孟子并没有教人恣意杀戮，极尽口腹之欲，像现在的人所做的那样。纵然杀害生命来滋养自己，寿命超过彭祖（Peng Zu），但仁者也不会这样做，更何况这样做无益反而有害呢？ 归根结底，人和万物都属于上帝（Shangdi）的生灵，上帝有好生之德，怎么会有创造生物来供养人类的道理呢？只是在洪荒时代，禽兽逼迫人类，天生人类来制服万物，不知经历了多少世代。后世的圣人开始教人使用网罟来捕捉禽兽，不料这种做法流毒至今，杀害无厌。有些事情连普通人都不忍心听，怎么能让圣人看到呢？况且人吃老虎，老虎也吃人；人吃鲍鱼，鲍鱼也会伤人。今天尚且如此，更何况洪荒时代生物供养人类的说法呢？不辨自明了。 我曾经私下思考，末劫时期瘟疫流行，痘症肆虐，都是杀气上达于天，也是杀生的冤业报应，而人们仍然不觉悟，真是可悲啊！ 有人说：‘你极力陈述戒杀生的道理，似乎很有道理。但是，肉不养人的说法实在难以接受。因为吃肉的人肥胖，吃菜的人瘦弱。你不能吃肉，就禁止别人吃肉，谁会相信你呢？’ 我回答说：‘不是肉能使人肥胖，而是肥胖的人能吃肉。这就像健壮的男子能行淫欲，而不是淫欲能使人健壮一样。你没看见山中有辟谷的神仙，而市井中没有百岁的屠夫吗？世人一天不吃饭就会饿，但终年不吃肉也不会死。’这是我所坚信的，即使圣人复生，也改变不了我的观点。
English
English version Eating vegetarian food is to nourish the stomach qi (vital energy), which relies entirely on water and grains. Fish and meat are fire-inducing substances, and herbal books have detailed discussions on this. Sun Simiao's (a famous doctor in ancient China) 'Hygienic Song' is popular in the world, but it does not mention meat. For example, the book says that geese migrate in order, dogs have loyalty, and black carp face north, understanding the etiquette of a subject. If people have no etiquette and eat them instead, the gods of heaven and earth will be unhappy. What about these arguments? Recently, some people with ulterior motives, using the excuse of providing for the elderly, have vigorously promoted the killing of lives, printed them into books, and confused the public, which is really hateful. The saying 'Seventy years old cannot be satisfied without meat' is just a sentence Mencius (a famous philosopher in ancient China) said when discussing the way of kings, not a specialized discussion like herbal books. Otherwise, should people in their seventies not wear silk clothes? Should people in their fifties not eat meat? Mencius's meaning seems to be that young people should not enjoy wearing silk clothes and eating meat, only people over fifty can. However, Mencius did not teach people to kill arbitrarily and indulge in the desires of the mouth, as people do now. Even if you kill lives to nourish yourself and live longer than Peng Zu (a legendary long-lived person in China), a benevolent person would not do this, let alone if it is useless and harmful? In the final analysis, people and all things belong to the spirits of Shangdi (God), and Shangdi has the virtue of loving life. How can there be a reason to create creatures to support humans? It's just that in the prehistoric era, birds and beasts forced humans, and humans were born to subdue all things. I don't know how many generations it took. Later sages began to teach people to use nets to catch birds and beasts. Unexpectedly, this practice has been poisoning the world to this day, killing without satisfaction. Some things that even ordinary people can't bear to hear, how can they let the saints see? Moreover, people eat tigers, and tigers also eat people; people eat abalone, and abalone also hurts people. It is still the case today, let alone the saying that creatures support humans in the prehistoric era? It is self-evident without discrimination. I once thought privately that the epidemic in the last days, and the rampant smallpox, are all the killing air reaching the sky, and also the retribution of the killing karma, but people are still not aware of it, it is really sad! Someone said: 'You have tried your best to state the principle of abstaining from killing, which seems to make sense. However, the saying that meat does not nourish people is really difficult to accept. Because people who eat meat are fat, and people who eat vegetables are thin. You can't eat meat, so you forbid others to eat meat, who will believe you?' I replied: 'It is not that meat can make people fat, but that fat people can eat meat. It's like a strong man can have lust, but lust can't make people strong. Haven't you seen the immortals who practice abstinence in the mountains, but there are no centenarian butchers in the city? People will be hungry if they don't eat for a day, but they won't die if they don't eat meat all year round.' This is what I firmly believe, and even if the saint is resurrected, it will not change my point of view. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------