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t85n2761 srimati sutra notes.g2.0f

Chinese

念念成形苦则众多也。不种众苦不得厌苦乐求涅槃者。势极则及理数使然。此明佛性能生厌苦心也。如来藏者。无前际不起不灭法也。非三世摄。前际为未来不起为现在灭为过去。体是常存令人乐求。世尊如来藏者非我非众生非命非人者。此明佛性常寂真实不如外道所计。我人众生寿命虚妄常也。如来藏者堕身见众生者。计断常人也。以五阴为我复名身见也。颠倒众生者。是四倒人也。空乱意众生。是二乘人也。无四住分段为空谓为小乘涅槃为乱也。非其境界者。上三种人或累未除。不以佛性为境界也。   是法界藏者。是第十三章经名也。十方不共慈悲等也。法身藏者佛性身也。出世间上上藏者。无为常住也。自性清净藏者。体非惑累也。而客尘烦恼上烦恼所染者。烦恼可尽故言言客。障心不明为染也。刹那善心非烦恼所染者。烦恼以闇惑为体。心以虑解为体。虽曰同处恒自失承也。又一解。善心以住烦恼始生初不同时向得相染也。然有烦恼有烦恼染心者。虽不同时未能相免假名之道故有染也。自性清净心而有染者。迮事既尔达理可知。众生虽有清净佛性。未免烦恼名为染也。难可了知者。净不应染染不应净说言清净有言有染言隐理玄非是学地所能解也。如实知见者。佛具五眼。一切种智众善所归达解诸法乃能 现代汉语译本:念念成形,苦难就会增多。不经历各种苦难,就无法厌倦痛苦,想要寻求涅槃是不可能的。这是事物发展到极点必然会遵循的规律。这说明佛性能够产生厌恶痛苦的心。如来藏(Tathagatagarbha,指佛性)是无始无终、不生不灭的法,不属于过去、现在、未来这三世所包含。‘前际’指的是未来,‘不起’指的是现在,‘灭’指的是过去。它的本体是永恒存在的,能够令人乐于追求。世尊所说的如来藏,不是‘我’(Atman,神我),不是众生(sentient beings),不是生命(life),也不是人(person)。这说明佛性是常寂、真实的,不像外道所认为的那样。他们所认为的‘我’、‘人’、‘众生’、‘寿命’都是虚妄不实的。如来藏对于那些执着于身见(belief in a self)的众生来说,会被认为是断灭或常存的。把五蕴(skandhas,构成人身的五种要素)当作‘我’,这又被称为身见。颠倒的众生,指的是具有四种颠倒见解的人。空乱意的众生,指的是二乘(声闻乘和缘觉乘)之人。他们将没有四住地烦恼(four abodes of affliction)和分段生死(life and death in realms of desire, form, and formlessness)的状态视为空,并认为小乘涅槃是混乱的。非其境界,指的是以上这三种人,或许累积的业障尚未消除,所以无法将佛性作为他们的境界。 是法界藏(Dharmadhatu-garbha,法界之藏)指的是第十三章经的名称。它包含着十方诸佛所共有的慈悲等等。法身藏(Dharmakaya-garbha,法身之藏)指的是佛性的身体。出世间上上藏(the supreme treasure beyond the world)指的是无为、常住的境界。自性清净藏(Self-nature pure store)指的是本体没有被迷惑和业障所污染。而‘客尘烦恼上烦恼所染’,指的是烦恼是可以被消除的,所以说是‘客’。烦恼会遮蔽心性,使之不明,这被称为‘染’。刹那间的善心不会被烦恼所污染,因为烦恼以黑暗和迷惑为本体,而心以思考和理解为本体。虽然说它们处于同一处所,但始终是各自独立的。另一种解释是,善心产生时,烦恼才开始产生,最初它们并非同时存在,所以不会相互污染。然而,有烦恼和被烦恼所染的心,虽然它们并非同时存在,但无法完全避免相互影响,所以只能用假名来描述它们之间的关系,因此说有‘染’。自性清净的心也会被染污,从细微的事情就可以推知深刻的道理。众生虽然具有清净的佛性,但无法避免烦恼的侵扰,所以被称为‘染’。这很难被理解,因为清净的本体不应该被染污,而被染污的状态不应该是清净的。说它是清净的,又说它被染污,这说明其中的道理是隐晦而玄妙的,不是处于学习阶段的人所能够理解的。如实知见,指的是佛具有五眼(five eyes),具备一切种智(omniscience),是众善的归宿,通达和理解一切诸法,才能够真正地了解。

English

English version: The more thoughts take shape, the more suffering arises. Without experiencing various sufferings, one cannot become weary of suffering, and seeking Nirvana becomes impossible. This is the inevitable law when things reach their extreme. This illustrates that Buddha-nature can generate a mind that detests suffering. The Tathagatagarbha (Buddha-nature) is the Dharma that has no beginning or end, neither arising nor ceasing, and is not included within the three times (past, present, and future). 'Former limit' refers to the future, 'not arising' refers to the present, and 'ceasing' refers to the past. Its essence is eternally existent, making it desirable to seek. The Tathagatagarbha spoken of by the World Honored One is not 'Atman' (self), not sentient beings, not life, and not a person. This illustrates that Buddha-nature is eternally tranquil and real, unlike what is conceived by external paths. Their conceptions of 'self,' 'person,' 'sentient beings,' and 'life' are all false and unreal. The Tathagatagarbha, for those sentient beings attached to the belief in a self (Skandha-dristi), will be considered either annihilationist or eternalist. Taking the five skandhas (aggregates constituting a person) as 'self' is also called belief in a self. Deluded sentient beings refer to those with the four inverted views. Sentient beings with confused minds refer to those of the Two Vehicles (Sravakayana and Pratyekabuddhayana). They regard the state without the four abodes of affliction (four abodes of affliction) and segmented life and death (life and death in realms of desire, form, and formlessness) as emptiness, and consider Hinayana Nirvana as confusion. 'Not their realm' refers to the above three types of people, perhaps whose accumulated karmic obstacles have not yet been eliminated, so they cannot take Buddha-nature as their realm. The Dharmadhatu-garbha (Dharmadhatu-garbha) refers to the name of the thirteenth chapter of the sutra. It contains the compassion, etc., shared by all Buddhas in the ten directions. The Dharmakaya-garbha (Dharmakaya-garbha) refers to the body of Buddha-nature. The supreme treasure beyond the world (the supreme treasure beyond the world) refers to the unconditioned and eternally abiding realm. The Self-nature pure store (Self-nature pure store) refers to the essence that is not defiled by delusion and karmic obstacles. And 'defiled by adventitious dust afflictions and upper afflictions' refers to the fact that afflictions can be eliminated, so they are called 'adventitious.' Afflictions obscure the mind, making it unclear, which is called 'defilement.' A momentary good thought is not defiled by afflictions, because afflictions take darkness and delusion as their essence, while the mind takes thinking and understanding as its essence. Although they are said to be in the same place, they are always independent of each other. Another explanation is that when a good thought arises, afflictions begin to arise, and initially they do not exist simultaneously, so they do not defile each other. However, there are afflictions and a mind defiled by afflictions, although they do not exist simultaneously, they cannot completely avoid influencing each other, so they can only be described with provisional names, hence the saying 'defilement.' The self-nature pure mind is also defiled, and profound principles can be inferred from subtle matters. Although sentient beings have pure Buddha-nature, they cannot avoid the intrusion of afflictions, so they are called 'defiled.' This is difficult to understand, because the pure essence should not be defiled, and the defiled state should not be pure. Saying it is pure and also saying it is defiled illustrates that the principles within are obscure and mysterious, and cannot be understood by those in the learning stage. 'Knowing and seeing as it is' refers to the fact that the Buddha has the five eyes (five eyes), possesses omniscience (omniscience), is the refuge of all virtues, and thoroughly understands all dharmas, so that he can truly understand. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chinese

知耳。问于佛时。咨佛取定以之为问。如是如是者。向咨今可明其不谬也。唯信佛语者。大士利智得后受行。二乘智劣信而未解。随信信增上者。上品信忍也。随顺法智者。顺忍人也。而得究竟者。具上二忍信有佛性不没退转也。观察诸法施六根也。若知学地有此观智。当知佛地必有佛性大明智也。观察业报者。若知学地有因有果。亦能解知有佛性果万善因也。观察阿罗汉眼者。小乘经云。罗汉无眼。今见有眼。知非究竟必有佛性常觉不眠也。观察心自在乐者。得自在者。心则受乐。三禅之中亦有乐根。故知必有佛性之乐也。观察圣自在通者。若三乘圣人学地常有自在神通。故知佛地必有佛性大神通也。是究竟者入大乘道。染信佛性不退转者。则能具修万善向佛也。因信如来者。得如是大利益不谤染义者。因由信佛语知有佛性。复得解知大乘之道不没言非也。   更有余大利益者。第十四经名也。佛去世后降伏恶人。令法等流一切信行也。离自毁伤者。不谤大乘也。生大功德者。生大乘法也。自成就甚深法智者。无生忍人也。随顺法智者。顺忍人也。仰惟世尊唯佛所知者。信忍人也。此三忍人闻佛性大乘则能受行也。诸余众生者。此下明于非法人也。坚着妄说者。说有三乘因果各别也。违背正法者。不顺一乘也。 现代汉语译本 了解耳朵(知耳)。向佛陀请教(问于佛时),请教佛陀以确定(咨佛取定)并以此作为问题(以之为问)。像这样像这样(如是如是者),之前请教的现在可以明白其没有谬误了(向咨今可明其不谬也)。只有相信佛语的人(唯信佛语者),大士(菩萨,大士)以锐利的智慧(利智)得到后才能接受并修行(得后受行)。二乘(声闻乘和缘觉乘)的智慧较弱(智劣),只是相信而不能理解(信而未解)。随着信心增长的人(随信信增上者),是上品信忍(上品信忍也)。随顺法智的人(随顺法智者),是顺忍人(顺忍人也)。而得到究竟的人(而得究竟者),具备以上两种忍(具上二忍),相信有佛性(信有佛性)并且不会消失退转(不没退转也)。观察诸法(观察诸法)是施舍六根(施六根也)。如果知道在学习阶段(学地)有这种观智(观智),应当知道在佛的境界(佛地)必定有佛性的大光明智慧(必有佛性大明智也)。观察业报的人(观察业报者),如果知道在学习阶段有因有果(若知学地有因有果),也能理解知道有佛性的果和万善的因(亦能解知有佛性果万善因也)。观察阿罗汉的眼睛(观察阿罗汉眼者),小乘经典说(小乘经云),阿罗汉没有眼睛(罗汉无眼),现在看见有眼睛(今见有眼),知道不是究竟(知非究竟),必定有佛性的常觉不眠(必有佛性常觉不眠也)。观察心自在的快乐(观察心自在乐者),得到自在的人(得自在者),内心就会感到快乐(心则受乐)。在三禅之中也有快乐的根源(三禅之中亦有乐根),所以知道必定有佛性的快乐(故知必有佛性之乐也)。观察圣人的自在神通(观察圣自在通者),如果三乘圣人在学习阶段常常有自在神通(若三乘圣人学地常有自在神通),所以知道佛的境界必定有佛性的大神通(故知佛地必有佛性大神通也)。这是究竟的人进入大乘道(是究竟者入大乘道)。坚信佛性不退转的人(染信佛性不退转者),就能具足地修习各种善行,趋向成佛(则能具修万善向佛也)。因为相信如来(因信如来者),得到这样大的利益,不诽谤染污的意义(得如是大利益不谤染义者),是因为相信佛语,知道有佛性(因由信佛语知有佛性),又能够理解知道大乘的道理,不否定它(复得解知大乘之道不没言非也)。 更有其余的大利益(更有余大利益者),是第十四经的名称(第十四经名也)。佛陀去世后降伏恶人(佛去世后降伏恶人),使佛法等同流传,一切都相信并修行(令法等流一切信行也)。远离自我毁伤(离自毁伤者),是不诽谤大乘(不谤大乘也)。产生大的功德(生大功德者),是产生大乘佛法(生大乘法也)。自己成就甚深的法智(自成就甚深法智者),是无生忍人(无生忍人也)。随顺法智的人(随顺法智者),是顺忍人(顺忍人也)。仰望思维世尊,只有佛陀才知道(仰惟世尊唯佛所知者),是信忍人(信忍人也)。这三种忍人听到佛性大乘就能接受并修行(此三忍人闻佛性大乘则能受行也)。其余的众生(诸余众生者),这下面说明关于非法之人(此下明于非法人也)。坚决地执着于虚妄的说法(坚着妄说者),是说有三乘,因果各自不同(说有三乘因果各别也)。违背正法的人(违背正法者),是不顺从一乘(不顺一乘也)。