Chinese
大正藏第 50 册 No. 2047b 龙树菩萨传 龙树菩萨传 姚秦三藏法师鸠摩罗什译 大师名龙树菩萨者。出南天竺梵志种也。天聪奇悟事不再告。在乳哺之中。闻诸梵志诵四韦陀典各四万偈。偈有四十二字。背诵其文而领其义。弱冠驰名独步诸国。世学艺能天文地理图纬秘谶。及诸道术无不悉练。契友三人亦是一时之杰。相与议曰天下义理可以开神明悟幽旨者。吾等尽之矣。复欲何以自娱骋情极欲。最是一生之乐。然诸梵志道士势非王公何由得之。唯有隐身之术斯乐可办。四人相视莫逆于心。俱至术家求隐身法。术师念曰。此四梵志擅名一世。草芥群生今以术故屈辱就我。我若咒法授之。此人才明绝世所不知者唯此贱法。若得之便去不复可屈。且与其药使日用而不知。药尽必来求。可以术屈为我弟子。各与青药一丸告之曰。汝于静处用水磨之以涂眼睑。则无有人能见汝形者。龙树菩萨磨药闻气。便尽知药名分数。多少锱铢无失。随其气势龙树识之。还语术师此药有七十种。分数多少尽如其方。药师问曰汝何由知。答曰药自有气何以不知。师即叹伏。顾斯人者闻之犹难。而况相学。我之贱术何足惜耶。即具授。其四人得术隐身自在入王宫中。宫中美人皆被侵陵百余日。后宫中人有怀妊者以事白王。王大不悦。此何不祥为怪乃尔。召诸智臣以谋此事。有旧老者言凡如此事应有二种。或鬼或术。 现代汉语译本 《龙树菩萨传》 姚秦三藏法师鸠摩罗什译 大师名为龙树菩萨（Nāgārjuna，佛教大乘中观学派创始人），是南天竺（South India）婆罗门种姓出身。他天资聪颖，有过人的领悟力，任何事情都不需要重复教导。还在襁褓之中时，就听诸位婆罗门诵读四《吠陀经》（Four Vedas）的典籍，每部经有四万颂，每颂有四十二个字。他能背诵经文，并且领会其中的含义。成年后，他的名声传遍各国，才学独步天下。世俗的学问、技艺、天文、地理、图谶、秘术，以及各种道术，没有不精通的。他有三个志同道合的朋友，也都是当时杰出的人物。他们一起商议说：‘天下间的义理，能够开启人的神智，领悟幽深旨意的，我们都已经掌握了。还能用什么来娱乐自己，放纵情欲呢？纵情享乐，才是一生中最快乐的事情。然而，我们这些婆罗门、道士，地位又不如王公贵族，要怎样才能得到这些呢？只有隐身之术，才能办到这些乐事。’四人彼此心照不宣，一同去拜访术士，求学隐身之法。术士心想：‘这四个婆罗门，名声显赫于世，视众生如草芥。如今因为法术的缘故，屈尊来求我。我如果把咒法传授给他们，这些人聪明绝顶，唯一不知道的就是这种低贱的法术。如果得到了，就会离去，不再受我控制。不如先给他们药，让他们每天使用却不知道。等药用完了，一定会再来求我，就可以用这法术来控制他们，让他们做我的弟子。’于是，分别给了他们每人一颗青色的药丸，告诉他们说：‘你们在安静的地方，用水磨这药丸，用来涂在眼睑上，就没有人能看见你们的身形了。’龙树菩萨磨药的时候，闻了闻药的气味，就完全知道了药的名称和各种成分的分量，毫厘不差。根据药的气味，龙树就辨识了出来。然后告诉术士说：‘这药有七十种成分，各种成分的分量都和药方上写的一样。’药师问道：‘你是怎么知道的？’龙树回答说：‘药自有气味，怎么会不知道呢？’术士听了，叹服不已。心想：‘这种事情，听过的人都很少，更何况是学习。我的这种低贱的法术，又有什么值得吝惜的呢？’于是，就把隐身术全部传授给了他们。这四个人得到了隐身术，隐身自如，进入王宫之中。宫中的美人都被他们侵犯，持续了一百多天。后来，宫中有人怀孕了，就把这件事禀告了国王。国王非常不高兴，认为这是不祥之兆，非常怪异。于是召集各位智臣，商议这件事。有一位年老的臣子说：‘凡是发生这样的事情，应该有两种可能。要么是鬼，要么是法术。
English
English version The Biography of Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna Translated by Tripiṭaka Master Kumārajīva of the Yao Qin Dynasty The great master, named Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna (founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism), was born into a Brahmin family in South India. He was exceptionally intelligent and quick-witted, requiring no repeated instruction. While still in infancy, he heard Brahmins reciting the four Vedas, each containing forty thousand verses, with each verse consisting of forty-two characters. He could recite the texts from memory and understand their meaning. Upon reaching adulthood, his fame spread throughout various countries, and his talent was unmatched. He was proficient in worldly learning, arts, astronomy, geography, apocryphal texts, secret arts, and various Taoist practices. He had three like-minded friends, all outstanding figures of their time. They discussed together, saying, 'We have mastered all the principles in the world that can enlighten the mind and understand profound meanings. What else can we do to entertain ourselves and indulge our desires? Indulging in pleasure is the greatest joy in life. However, we Brahmins and Taoists do not have the status of kings and nobles. How can we obtain these pleasures? Only the art of invisibility can accomplish these things.' The four of them understood each other perfectly and went together to visit a sorcerer to learn the art of invisibility. The sorcerer thought, 'These four Brahmins are famous throughout the world and regard ordinary people as insignificant. Now, because of magic, they humble themselves to seek me out. If I teach them the incantation, these people are extremely intelligent, and the only thing they don't know is this lowly magic. If they obtain it, they will leave and no longer be controlled by me. It's better to give them medicine first, so they use it daily without knowing. When the medicine runs out, they will surely come back to me, and I can use this magic to control them and make them my disciples.' So, he gave each of them a blue pill and told them, 'In a quiet place, grind this pill with water and apply it to your eyelids. Then no one will be able to see your form.' When Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna ground the medicine, he smelled its scent and immediately knew all the names and amounts of the ingredients, without any error. Based on the scent, Nāgārjuna identified them. Then he told the sorcerer, 'This medicine has seventy ingredients, and the amounts of each ingredient are exactly as written in the prescription.' The sorcerer asked, 'How do you know?' Nāgārjuna replied, 'The medicine has its own scent. How could I not know?' The sorcerer was amazed and sighed, 'This kind of thing is rare even to hear about, let alone to learn. What is there to be stingy about with my lowly magic?' So, he taught them all the art of invisibility. The four of them obtained the art of invisibility and entered the royal palace at will. The palace beauties were all violated by them for more than a hundred days. Later, some of the palace women became pregnant and reported the matter to the king. The king was very displeased and considered it an ominous and strange event. So, he summoned all the wise ministers to discuss the matter. An old minister said, 'Whenever such a thing happens, there should be two possibilities. Either it's a ghost, or it's magic.' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 可以细土置诸门中。令有司守之断诸术者。若是术人足迹自现可以兵除。若其是鬼则无迹也。鬼可咒除人可刀杀。备法试之见四人迹。即闭诸门令数百力士。挥刀空斫斫杀三人。唯有龙树敛身屏气依王头侧。王头侧七尺刀所不至。是时始悟欲为苦本。厌欲心生发出家愿。若我得脱。当诣沙门求出家法。既而得出入山诣佛塔出家受戒。九十日中诵三藏。尽通诸深义。更求诸经都无得处。雪山中深远处有佛塔。塔中有一老比丘。以摩诃衍经与之。诵受爱乐虽知实义未得通利。周游诸国更求余经。于阎浮提中遍求不得。外道论师沙门义宗咸皆摧伏。即起憍慢心。自念言世界法中津涂甚多。佛经虽妙以理推之故未尽。未尽之中可推。而说之以悟后学。于理不违于事无失。斯有何咎。思此事已。即欲行之立师教诫更造衣服。今附佛法所别为异。方欲以无所推屈表一切智相。择日选时当与诸弟子。受新戒着新衣便欲行之。独在静室水精地房。大龙菩萨见其如此。惜而愍之即接入海。于宫殿中开七宝藏发七宝函。以诸方等深奥经典无上妙法授之龙树。龙树受读九十日中通练甚多。其心深入体得实利。龙知其心而问之曰。看经遍未。答言汝诸函中经甚多无量不可尽也。我所读者已十倍阎浮提。龙言如我宫中所有经典。诸处此比复不可知。龙树即得诸经一箱。深入无生三忍具足。龙还送出。时南天竺王甚邪见承事外道毁谤正法。龙树菩萨为化彼故躬 { "translations": [ "可以把细土撒在城门里，命令官吏看守，阻止那些使用法术的人进入。如果是术士，他们的脚印自然会显现，就可以用武力清除。如果那是鬼，就不会留下任何痕迹。鬼可以用咒语驱除，人可以用刀杀死。用这些方法试验后，发现了四个人的脚印。于是关闭所有城门，命令数百名力士挥刀乱砍，杀死了三人。只有龙树（Nāgārjuna，佛教大乘中观学派创始人）收敛身体，屏住呼吸，紧靠国王的头侧。国王头侧七尺之内，刀都无法触及。这时他才醒悟到欲望是痛苦的根源，厌恶欲望的心生起，发出了出家的愿望。‘如果我能脱身，就去沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修道者）那里寻求出家之法。’之后他得以脱身，进入山中，前往佛塔出家受戒。九十天内诵读三藏（Tripiṭaka，佛教经典的总称），完全通晓了其中的深刻含义。他进一步寻求其他经典，却无处可得。雪山（喜马拉雅山脉）深处有一座佛塔，塔中有一位老比丘，把《摩诃衍经》（Mahāyāna Sūtra，大乘佛教经典）给了他。龙树诵读并喜爱这部经典，虽然知道其中的真实含义，但还没有完全通透。他周游各国，寻求其他经典，在阎浮提（Jambudvīpa，古印度）中四处寻找也找不到。外道论师和沙门义宗都被他一一摧伏。于是他生起了骄慢之心，心想：‘世间的法门很多，佛经虽然精妙，但用理智推敲，仍然有未尽之处。对于未尽之处，可以进行推演和解说，以启发后来的学习者。这样做在道理上没有违背，在事实上也没有缺失，这有什么过错呢？’思考这件事后，他打算实行，创立师门教诫，另造服装，在佛教的教法上加以区别，以显示自己无所不能的智慧。他选择日期和时间，准备和弟子们一起接受新的戒律，穿上新的服装，然后开始实行。他独自在静室的水晶地面上，大龙菩萨（Nāga Bodhisattva）看到他这样，怜惜他，于是把他接入海中。在宫殿中打开七宝藏，取出七宝函，把各方等深奥的经典和无上妙法传授给龙树。龙树接受并诵读，九十天中通练了很多，他的心深入其中，体会到了真实的利益。龙知道他的心意，问他说：‘看经看遍了吗？’他回答说：‘你这些函中的经典非常多，无量无尽，我所读的已经十倍于阎浮提了。’龙说：‘像我宫中所有的经典，其他地方的经典与此相比，就更不可知了。’龙树于是得到了一箱经典，深入无生法忍，三忍具足。龙把他送了出来。当时南天竺（South India）的国王非常邪见，信奉外道，毁谤正法。龙树菩萨为了教化他，亲自前往。", "现代汉语译本", "可以把细土撒在城门里，命令官吏看守，阻止那些使用法术的人进入。如果是术士，他们的脚印自然会显现，就可以用武力清除。如果那是鬼，就不会留下任何痕迹。鬼可以用咒语驱除，人可以用刀杀死。用这些方法试验后，发现了四个人的脚印。于是关闭所有城门，命令数百名力士挥刀乱砍，杀死了三人。只有龙树（Nāgārjuna，佛教大乘中观学派创始人）收敛身体，屏住呼吸，紧靠国王的头侧。国王头侧七尺之内，刀都无法触及。这时他才醒悟到欲望是痛苦的根源，厌恶欲望的心生起，发出了出家的愿望。‘如果我能脱身，就去沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修道者）那里寻求出家之法。’之后他得以脱身，进入山中，前往佛塔出家受戒。九十天内诵读三藏（Tripiṭaka，佛教经典的总称），完全通晓了其中的深刻含义。他进一步寻求其他经典，却无处可得。雪山（喜马拉雅山脉）深处有一座佛塔，塔中有一位老比丘，把《摩诃衍经》（Mahāyāna Sūtra，大乘佛教经典）给了他。龙树诵读并喜爱这部经典，虽然知道其中的真实含义，但还没有完全通透。他周游各国，寻求其他经典，在阎浮提（Jambudvīpa，古印度）中四处寻找也找不到。外道论师和沙门义宗都被他一一摧伏。于是他生起了骄慢之心，心想：‘世间的法门很多，佛经虽然精妙，但用理智推敲，仍然有未尽之处。对于未尽之处，可以进行推演和解说，以启发后来的学习者。这样做在道理上没有违背，在事实上也没有缺失，这有什么过错呢？’思考这件事后，他打算实行，创立师门教诫，另造服装，在佛教的教法上加以区别，以显示自己无所不能的智慧。他选择日期和时间，准备和弟子们一起接受新的戒律，穿上新的服装，然后开始实行。他独自在静室的水晶地面上，大龙菩萨（Nāga Bodhisattva）看到他这样，怜惜他，于是把他接入海中。在宫殿中打开七宝藏，取出七宝函，把各方等深奥的经典和无上妙法传授给龙树。龙树接受并诵读，九十天中通练了很多，他的心深入其中，体会到了真实的利益。龙知道他的心意，问他说：‘看经看遍了吗？’他回答说：‘你这些函中的经典非常多，无量无尽，我所读的已经十倍于阎浮提了。’龙说：‘像我宫中所有的经典，其他地方的经典与此相比，就更不可知了。’龙树于是得到了一箱经典，深入无生法忍，三忍具足。龙把他送了出来。当时南天竺（South India）的国王非常邪见，信奉外道，毁谤正法。龙树菩萨为了教化他，亲自前往。", "english_translations": [ "Fine soil could be scattered inside the gates, and officials ordered to guard them, preventing those who use magic from entering. If they were sorcerers, their footprints would naturally appear, and they could be eliminated by force. If it were a ghost, there would be no trace. Ghosts can be dispelled with spells, and people can be killed with knives. After testing with these methods, the footprints of four people were found. So, all the gates were closed, and hundreds of strong men were ordered to wield their knives and chop wildly, killing three people. Only Nāgārjuna (founder of the Mahayana Madhyamaka school of Buddhism) contracted his body, held his breath, and leaned close to the king's head. Within seven feet of the king's head, the knives could not reach. At that moment, he realized that desire is the root of suffering, and a heart of aversion to desire arose, and he made a vow to renounce the world. 'If I can escape, I will go to the Śrāmaṇas (wandering ascetics) to seek the Dharma of renunciation.' Afterwards, he was able to escape, entered the mountains, and went to a Buddhist pagoda to renounce the world and receive the precepts. Within ninety days, he recited the Tripiṭaka (the three baskets of Buddhist scriptures), fully understanding all the profound meanings. He further sought other scriptures, but could not find them anywhere. Deep in the snowy mountains (Himalayas) there was a Buddhist pagoda, and in the pagoda there was an old Bhikṣu (Buddhist monk) who gave him the Mahāyāna Sūtra (Mahayana Buddhist scriptures). Nāgārjuna recited and loved this scripture, and although he knew its true meaning, he had not yet fully mastered it. He traveled around various countries, seeking other scriptures, but could not find them anywhere in Jambudvīpa (ancient India). He defeated all the heretical teachers and Śrāmaṇa sects. Then he became arrogant and thought to himself: 'There are many paths in the world, and although the Buddhist scriptures are wonderful, there are still things that have not been fully explored when reasoned about. For those things that have not been fully explored, one can extrapolate and explain them to enlighten later learners. There is no violation of reason or loss of fact in doing so, so what is wrong with it?' After thinking about this, he intended to put it into practice, establish his own teachings, create new clothes, and distinguish them from the Buddhist Dharma, in order to show his omniscient appearance. He chose a date and time, preparing to receive new precepts and wear new clothes with his disciples, and then begin to practice. Alone in a quiet room with a crystal floor, the Nāga Bodhisattva (Dragon Bodhisattva) saw him like this, and took pity on him, so he took him into the sea. In the palace, he opened the seven-treasure storehouse, took out the seven-treasure box, and gave Nāgārjuna the profound scriptures and unsurpassed Dharma of all directions. Nāgārjuna accepted and recited them, and within ninety days he practiced them extensively, his heart deeply immersed in them, and he experienced real benefits. The Dragon knew his mind and asked him: 'Have you finished reading the scriptures?' He replied: 'There are so many scriptures in your boxes, immeasurable and endless, and what I have read is already ten times that of Jambudvīpa.' The Dragon said: 'Compared to all the scriptures in my palace, the scriptures in other places are even more unknowable.' Nāgārjuna then obtained a box of scriptures, deeply entered the forbearance of non-birth, and was fully endowed with the three forbearances. The Dragon sent him out. At that time, the king of South India (Southern India) was very heretical, worshiping heretics and slandering the true Dharma. Nāgārjuna Bodhisattva went there in person to transform him." ] } --------------------------------------------------------------------------------