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t46n1920 treatise on contemplating the mind.g2.0f

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Chinese

大正藏第 46 册 No. 1920 观心论   No. 1920 [cf. No. 1921]   观心论(并序)(亦名煎乳论)   天台修禅寺沙门智者述   问曰。佛经无量。论亦甚多。弘法之人诜诜盖世。听受之众无处不有。是则法雨普津四众。露润利益无边。何所见闻。更何利益而造斯论。答曰。如所问言。佛经无量论亦甚多。是事共知。但弘法之人为利物故多施加水之乳。致令听受之者失真道味。四众转就浇离。致使信心之者渐歇薄谈。将恐深广大法不久停留。众生眼灭失正法利。是以闲生悲伤烦究难忍。不惟凡浅寡闻少见。欲助鹦鹉。奋其翅力。辄承三宝力。欲作斯论也。问者欲知作论者。大意有二。一者自责为诸学徒。二者外诸四众脱能信受亦可传之。略以偈答曰。  大师将涅槃  慈父有遗属  四念处修道  常依木叉住  我等非佛子  不念此遗属  乘缓内无道  戒缓惧三途  由不问观心  令他信渐薄  乌鸦不施道  岂报白鸦恩  非但田不良  无平等种子  法雨若不降  法种必燋枯  各无来世粮  失三利致苦  大法将欲颓  哀哉见此事  为是因缘故  须造观心论  平等真法界  无行无能到  若能问观心  能行 现代汉语译本 《观心论》(并序)(亦名煎乳论) 天台修禅寺沙门智者 述 问:佛经数量浩瀚,论著也极多。弘扬佛法之人遍布天下,听闻佛法的大众无处不在。这样说来,佛法如雨般普遍滋润四众弟子,佛法的甘露润泽利益无边无际。既然如此,还有什么见闻,还有什么利益,需要您来撰写这部论著呢? 答:正如您所说,佛经数量浩瀚,论著也极多,这是大家都知道的事实。但是,弘扬佛法之人为了利益众生,常常施予掺水的乳汁,导致听闻佛法之人失去了真道的滋味。四众弟子逐渐变得浮躁疏离,使得有信心的人逐渐懈怠,谈论也变得肤浅。我担心深广的佛法不久将要衰退,众生眼盲,失去正法的利益。因此,我常常感到悲伤烦恼,难以忍受。我不顾自己凡庸浅薄,寡闻少见,想要效仿鹦鹉,奋力振翅,凭借三宝的力量,想要撰写这部论著。 提问者想要知道作者的意图,主要有两个方面:一是自我鞭策,为了诸位学徒;二是希望四众弟子如果能够信受,也可以将此论传扬开来。我用偈语简要回答: 大师将要涅槃,慈父留下遗嘱。 四念处修习正道,常依戒律而住。 我们不是真佛子,不思念佛陀遗嘱。 乘坐的车辆迟缓,内心没有正道,戒律松弛,惧怕堕入三途。 由于不探究观心,使他人信心渐薄。 乌鸦不布施正道,怎能报答白鸦的恩情? 不仅是田地不好,而且没有平等的种子。 佛法之雨如果不降临,佛法的种子必定焦枯。 各自没有来世的粮食,失去三种利益导致痛苦。 大法将要衰颓,哀叹啊,我亲眼见到此事。 为了这个因缘,必须撰写《观心论》。 平等真正的法界,无所作为,也无从到达。 如果能够探究观心,就能修行。

English

English version The Treatise on Contemplating the Mind (with Preface) (also known as the Treatise on Boiled Milk) Composed by Śramaṇa Zhiyi (智者) of Tiantai (天台) Chan Temple Question: The Buddhist scriptures are immeasurable, and the treatises are also numerous. Those who propagate the Dharma are everywhere in the world, and the masses who listen to the Dharma are present in every place. In this case, the rain of Dharma universally nourishes the fourfold assembly (四众), and the dew of Dharma benefits without limit. What have you seen and heard, and what benefit is there, that you need to compose this treatise? Answer: As you have asked, the Buddhist scriptures are immeasurable, and the treatises are also numerous; this is a fact known to all. However, those who propagate the Dharma often give milk mixed with water for the sake of benefiting beings, causing those who listen to the Dharma to lose the true taste of the Path. The fourfold assembly gradually becomes impetuous and estranged, causing those with faith to gradually become lazy, and their discussions become superficial. I am worried that the profound and vast Dharma will soon decline, beings will be blind, and they will lose the benefit of the true Dharma. Therefore, I often feel sad and troubled, and it is difficult to bear. Regardless of my own ordinariness and shallowness, my lack of knowledge and experience, I want to imitate the parrot, striving to flap my wings, relying on the power of the Three Jewels (三宝), and wanting to compose this treatise. The questioner wants to know the author's intention, which mainly has two aspects: first, self-exhortation, for the sake of all students; second, hoping that if the fourfold assembly can believe and accept it, they can also spread this treatise. I will answer briefly with a verse: The Great Master (大师) is about to enter Nirvana (涅槃), the compassionate father leaves behind his last instructions. Cultivate the Path through the Four Foundations of Mindfulness (四念处), always abide by the precepts (木叉). We are not true children of the Buddha (佛子), we do not think of the Buddha's last instructions. The vehicle we ride is slow, there is no Path within, the precepts are lax, fearing falling into the three evil realms (三途). Because we do not explore contemplating the mind, it causes others' faith to gradually weaken. If the crow does not give the Path, how can it repay the kindness of the white crow? It is not only that the field is not good, but also that there are no equal seeds. If the rain of Dharma does not fall, the seeds of Dharma will surely be scorched. Each has no food for the next life, losing the three benefits and leading to suffering. The Great Dharma is about to decline, alas, I see this with my own eyes. For this reason, it is necessary to compose the 'Treatise on Contemplating the Mind'. The equal and true Dharma Realm (法界), is without action and cannot be reached. If one can explore contemplating the mind, one can practice.

Chinese

亦能到  即是四念处  能依木刃戒  乘急内有道  戒急生人天  此是真佛子  不乖慈父属  天龙皆庆喜  一切岂不欣  能报白鸦恩  普施乌鸦食  既有好良田  有平等种子  法雨应时降  法种皆生长  各有未来资  俱获三利益  为是因缘故  须造观心论  诸来求法者  欲闻无上道  不知问观心  闻慧终不发  诸来求法者  欲思无上道  不知问观心  恩慧终不生  诸来求法者  欲修无上道  不知问观心  修慧终不成  诸来求法者  欲修四三昧  不知问观心  困苦无所获  诸来求法者  多听得言语  不知问观心  未得真实乐  诸来求法者  修三昧得定  不知问观心  盲禅无所见  诸来求法者  欲忏悔众罪  不知问观心  罪终难得脱  诸来求法者  意欲离烦恼  不知问观心  烦恼终不灭  诸来求法者  本为利益他  不知问观心  退转令他谤  诸来求法者  欲兴显佛法  不知问观心  退还大行损  如此众得失  非偈可具陈  有此诸得失  无人觉悟者  为是因缘故  须造观心论  末代修观心  得邪定发见  辩才无穷尽  自谓人间宝  无知者鼻嗅  野孤气冲眼  举尾共脚行 现代汉语译本 也能到达彼岸。 这就是四念处(观察身、受、心、法的四种方法),能够依靠如木头般坚固的戒律。 乘坐快速的交通工具,内心有正道;严守戒律,就能转生到人天善道。 这才是真正的佛子,不违背慈悲佛陀的教诲。 天龙八部都欢喜庆贺,一切众生怎能不欣悦呢? 能够报答白鸦的恩情,普遍布施食物给乌鸦。 既然有好的良田,又有平等的种子。 佛法之雨应时降下,佛法的种子都能生长。 各自都有未来的资粮,都能获得三种利益(现世利益、来世利益、究竟利益)。 因为这个缘故,必须造《观心论》。 那些前来求法的人,想要听闻无上的佛道。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,听闻佛法所产生的智慧最终不会生起。 那些前来求法的人,想要思惟无上的佛道。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,佛法的恩惠最终不会产生。 那些前来求法的人,想要修习无上的佛道。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,修习佛法所产生的智慧最终不会成就。 那些前来求法的人,想要修习四种三昧(四种禅定)。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,即使困苦修行也无所获得。 那些前来求法的人,听了很多佛法,得到了很多言语。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,就无法得到真实的快乐。 那些前来求法的人,修习三昧得到了禅定。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,就像盲人禅修一样,什么也看不见。 那些前来求法的人,想要忏悔各种罪业。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,罪业最终难以解脱。 那些前来求法的人,想要远离烦恼。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,烦恼最终不会灭除。 那些前来求法的人,本来是为了利益他人。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,反而退转,让别人诽谤。 那些前来求法的人,想要弘扬佛法。 如果不知道请教关于观心的问题,反而退转,使弘法大业受损。 像这样众多的得失,不是几句偈语就能完全陈述的。 有这些得失,却没有觉悟的人。 因为这个缘故,必须造《观心论》。 末法时代修习观心,会得到邪定,产生错误的见解。 辩才无碍,自认为是人间珍宝。 无知的人闻到这种气味,就像野狐的气味冲入眼睛一样。 (他们)摇着尾巴,用脚走路(比喻行为颠倒)。

English

English version One can also reach the other shore. This is the Four Foundations of Mindfulness (the four methods of observing body, feelings, mind, and phenomena), capable of relying on precepts as firm as wooden blades. Riding a fast vehicle, having the right path within; strictly observing the precepts, one can be reborn in the realms of humans and gods. This is a true child of the Buddha, not deviating from the teachings of the compassionate Buddha. The devas and nagas all rejoice and celebrate; how can all beings not be delighted? Able to repay the kindness of the white crow, universally giving food to crows. Since there is good fertile land, and equal seeds. The rain of Dharma falls in due season, and the seeds of Dharma all grow. Each has future provisions, and all obtain three benefits (benefits in this life, benefits in the next life, and ultimate benefits). Because of this reason, it is necessary to create the 'Treatise on Contemplating the Mind' (Guan Xin Lun). Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to hear the unsurpassed path. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, the wisdom arising from hearing the Dharma will ultimately not arise. Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to contemplate the unsurpassed path. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, the grace of the Dharma will ultimately not arise. Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to cultivate the unsurpassed path. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, the wisdom arising from cultivation will ultimately not be achieved. Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to cultivate the four samadhis (four types of meditative concentration). If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, even with arduous practice, nothing will be gained. Those who come seeking the Dharma, hear much Dharma and obtain many words. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, they will not obtain true joy. Those who come seeking the Dharma, cultivate samadhi and obtain concentration. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, like blind men meditating, they will see nothing. Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to repent of all sins. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, sins will ultimately be difficult to escape. Those who come seeking the Dharma, intending to be free from afflictions. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, afflictions will ultimately not be extinguished. Those who come seeking the Dharma, originally for the benefit of others. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, they will regress and cause others to slander. Those who come seeking the Dharma, wanting to promote the Buddha's Dharma. If they do not know to ask about contemplating the mind, they will regress and the great work of propagation will be damaged. Such gains and losses cannot be fully stated in a few verses. Having these gains and losses, there are no enlightened ones. Because of this reason, it is necessary to create the 'Treatise on Contemplating the Mind' (Guan Xin Lun). In the degenerate age, cultivating contemplation of the mind will lead to wrong concentration and generate wrong views. Eloquence is inexhaustible, and they consider themselves treasures of the human realm. The ignorant smell this odor, like the odor of a wild fox assaulting the eyes. They wag their tails and walk on their feet (a metaphor for inverted behavior).

Chinese

次第堕坑殒  为是因缘故  须造观心论  守鼻隔安般  及修不净观  安般得四禅  不免泥梨业  不净谓无学  覆钵受女饭  设得随禅生  堕长寿天难  为是因缘故  须造观心论  依事法用心  无慧发鬼定  显异动物心  事发坏佛法  命终生鬼道  九十五眷属  像法决疑明  三师破佛法  为是因缘故  须造观心论  内心不为道  邪谄念名利  诈现禅坐相  得名利眷属  事发坏他心  毁损佛正法  此是扇提罗  死堕无间狱  为是因缘故  须造观心论  说法得解脱  听法众亦然  不知问观心  如贫数他宝  说者问观心  无说则无示  听者问观心  无问亦无得  为是因缘故  须造观心论  戒为制心马  虽持五部律  不知问观心  心马终不调  律住持佛法  解外不解内  净名呵上首  乃名真奉律  为是因缘故  须造观心论  诵经得解脱  非为世财利  若能问观心  破一微尘中  出大千经卷  受持读诵此  闻持无遗忘  心开得解脱  为是因缘故  须造观心论  观他修供养  兴显安行人  密心为自利  猗托以资身  坏他喜舍善  驼驴以偿人  若能问观心  即如驼骠也  为 是因缘故  须造观心论  诸道各有法  了不自寻研  忽窥𨵦释教  动经十数年  非但彼法拙  亦有谋坏心  此是迦毗梨  仙圣岂听然  为是因缘故  须造观心论  富贵而无道  多增长憍逸  若能问观心  得真法富贵  虽高而不危  虽满而不溢  不着世富贵  心常在道法  为是因缘故  须造观心论  贫贱多奸谄  窥𨵦造众恶  现被王法治  死堕三恶道  若能问观心  即安贪养道  有道即真贵  无为即富乐  为是因缘故  须造观心论  四众皆佛子  无非是法亲  因执善法诤  遂结未来怨  若能问观心  和合如水乳  皆师子之子  悉是旃檀林  为是因缘故  须造观心论  年衰身带病  眼闇耳渐聋  心昏多忘漏  年不如一年  死王金翅鸟  不久吞命根  一旦业绳断  气绝岂能言  为是因缘故  须造观心论  稽首十方佛  深悲观心者  劝善谛观察  发正觉妙乐  稽首十方法  深悲观心者  劝善谛观察  得真法免苦  稽首十方僧  若能善观察  入大和合海  欢喜心无量  稽首龙树师  愿加观心者  令速得开晓  亦加舍三心  今承三宝力  起三十六问  其门诸细门  对事难可 现代汉语译本 因为这些因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 各种道都有各自的法门,却不自己深入研究。 偶然窥探到释迦牟尼的教法,已经过了十几年。 不只是认为其他法门拙劣,还怀有破坏佛法的心。 这里是迦毗梨(Kapilavastu,古印度释迦族居住地),仙人和圣人怎么会听任这种事发生呢? 因为这个因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 富贵而没有道义的人,大多增长骄傲放纵。 如果能够询问《观心论》,就能得到真正的法财和富贵。 即使地位高也不会有危险,即使圆满也不会溢出。 不执着于世间的富贵,内心常常在道法之中。 因为这个因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 贫贱的人大多奸诈谄媚,窥探机会制造各种恶行。 现在被王法惩治,死后堕入三恶道。 如果能够询问《观心论》,就能安心地以清净的意念来修养道。 有了道就是真正的尊贵,无为就是富足快乐。 因为这个因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 四众弟子都是佛的子女,没有谁不是法亲。 因为执着于各自的善法而争论,最终结下未来的怨恨。 如果能够询问《观心论》,就能像水和乳一样融合。 都是狮子的后代,都是珍贵的旃檀林(Sandalwood Forest,比喻佛法僧团)。 因为这个因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 年纪衰老身体带着疾病,眼睛昏花耳朵渐渐失聪。 心智昏聩,常常忘记遗漏,一年不如一年。 死王就像金翅鸟(Garuda,佛教护法神),不久就要吞噬性命的根本。 一旦业力的绳索断裂,气息断绝,哪里还能说话呢? 因为这个因缘的缘故,必须撰写《观心论》。 向十方诸佛稽首,为那些深刻悲悯观心的人。 劝勉他们仔细观察,发起正觉的妙乐。 向十方法稽首,为那些深刻悲悯观心的人。 劝勉他们仔细观察,得到真正的佛法,免除痛苦。 向十方僧众稽首,如果能够善于观察。 就能进入大和合的海,欢喜心无量无边。 向龙树菩萨(Nagarjuna,大乘佛教中观学派创始人)稽首,愿您加持观心的人。 让他们迅速开悟,也舍弃三种心。 现在凭借三宝(佛、法、僧)的力量,提出三十六个问题。 其中的各个细微之处,针对具体的事情难以一一列举。

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