Chinese
大正藏第 45 册 No. 1902 受用三水要行法 No. 1902 受用三水要行法 唐三藏法师义净撰 准依圣教。及西方现今众生所用之水。有其三别。一时水。二非时水。三触用水。 言时水者。谓是沙弥俗人。自手滤漉观知无虫。午前任受而饮。若大僧手触盆罗及杓水即不堪入口。而况食用。有恶触故即如僧家常用之水。大僧岂可得触。虽大僧不触。于午后时不合饮用。然水体无触。已是俗人等触。带于染腻非全极净。是故须受。 二非时净水者。谓大苾刍及沙弥等用意之人。并须澡豆及上屑等。连腕四指。咸须净洗无有垢腻。瓦盆及罗并须新净。不与垢腻相染者方得。罗滤此水。皆用铜碗铜杓。灰揩去腻始得取水。若无此等可求。必有染木之器。不曾与触腻相染。每日净洗尘垢不停者。通用亦得。若常用水可贮在净瓶。净瓶须是瓦。非铜澡罐。由其瓶内有铜青不净不得灰揩故。拔出铜钗揩拭。即知净秽。然铜以灰揩为净。圣教亲说。若澡豆洗。但去食腻。铜垢不除。可取铜匙灰揩。足为目验。其瓦瓶水尽。每须洗濯中间方盛新水。然五天之地。无将铜瓶为净瓶者。一为垢生带触。二为铜腥损人。此之净水时与非时。任情取饮。是佛别开。以其净故。 现代汉语译本 大正藏第 45 册 No. 1902 受用三水要行法 No. 1902 受用三水要行法 唐三藏法师义净 撰 根据圣教的规定，以及西方现在众生所使用的水，有三种区别：一是时水，二是非时水，三是触用水。 所谓时水，指的是沙弥（佛教出家男子，年龄未满二十岁）或俗人（在家信徒）亲自过滤，观察确认没有虫子的水。在中午之前可以随意饮用。如果大僧（受过具足戒的比丘）的手触碰到水盆、滤水器或水瓢，那么这水就不适合饮用了，更何况食用。因为有了不好的接触，就如同僧家常用的水一样，大僧怎么可以触碰呢？即使大僧没有触碰，在中午之后也不应该饮用。然而，水体本身没有接触，但已经被俗人等接触过，带有污垢油腻，并非完全干净。因此需要接受（净化）。 第二种是非时净水，指的是大苾刍（比丘，受过具足戒的僧人）及沙弥等用心的人，都需要使用澡豆（古代的洗涤用品）及上等细末等，连同手腕四指，都要彻底清洗干净，没有污垢油腻。瓦盆和滤水器都必须是新的或干净的，不与污垢油腻相染才能使用。用滤水器过滤这种水，都使用铜碗铜勺，用灰擦拭去除油腻后才能取水。如果没有这些，必须寻找没有沾染过油腻的木制器皿，每天清洗干净，不停留尘垢的，也可以通用。如果经常用水，可以储存在净瓶中。净瓶必须是瓦制的，而不是铜制的澡罐。因为瓶内有铜锈不干净，不能用灰擦拭，可以拔出铜钗擦拭，就知道是否干净。然而，用灰擦拭铜器是干净的，圣教亲自这样说。如果用澡豆洗涤，只能去除食物的油腻，铜锈无法去除，可以用铜匙用灰擦拭，足以验证。瓦瓶中的水用完后，每次都要清洗干净，中间才能盛放新水。然而，在五天竺（古代印度的五个区域）的地方，没有人用铜瓶作为净瓶。一是容易生垢带污，二是铜腥味损害人体。这种净水，无论何时都可以随意饮用，这是佛陀特别开许的，因为它干净。
English
English version Taisho Tripitaka Volume 45 No. 1902 The Essential Practices for Using the Three Waters No. 1902 The Essential Practices for Using the Three Waters Composed by Tripitaka Master Yijing of the Tang Dynasty According to the Holy Teachings and the water used by sentient beings in the West, there are three distinctions: first, timely water; second, untimely water; and third, touched water. Timely water refers to water that is personally filtered by a Shramanera (a novice Buddhist monk under the age of twenty) or a layperson (a householder devotee), who observes and confirms that there are no insects. It can be freely drunk before noon. If the hand of a senior monk (a Bhikshu who has taken the full monastic vows) touches the water basin, filter, or ladle, then the water is not suitable for drinking, let alone consumption. Because of the impure contact, it is like the water commonly used in monasteries, which a senior monk should not touch. Even if a senior monk does not touch it, it should not be drunk after noon. However, the water itself is untouched, but it has been touched by laypersons, etc., and carries dirt and grease, so it is not entirely pure. Therefore, it needs to be accepted (purified). The second type is untimely pure water, which refers to water used by senior Bhikshus (fully ordained monks) and Shramaneras who are mindful. They must use cleansing powder (ancient washing products) and fine powder, etc., and thoroughly wash their wrists and four fingers, ensuring there is no dirt or grease. The earthenware basin and filter must be new or clean, and only those that are not contaminated with dirt and grease can be used. When filtering this water, use copper bowls and copper ladles, and scrub them with ash to remove grease before taking the water. If these are not available, you must find wooden utensils that have not been contaminated with grease, and wash them clean daily, without allowing dust to accumulate. These can also be used. If water is used frequently, it can be stored in a clean bottle. The clean bottle must be made of earthenware, not a copper washing pot. Because there is unclean copper rust inside the bottle, it cannot be scrubbed with ash. You can pull out a copper hairpin and wipe it to see if it is clean or dirty. However, scrubbing copper with ash makes it clean, as the Holy Teachings say. If you wash with cleansing powder, it only removes the grease from food, and the copper rust cannot be removed. You can use a copper spoon and scrub it with ash, which is sufficient to verify. When the water in the earthenware bottle is used up, it must be washed clean each time before filling it with fresh water. However, in the five regions of India, no one uses copper bottles as clean bottles. First, they easily generate dirt and contamination; second, the copper smell harms the body. This pure water can be drunk freely at any time, which is specially permitted by the Buddha because it is clean. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
更不劳受。若苾刍在非时中。煎药煮茶作蜜浆等皆用此水。不得用前时水。以有过故。然用枪杓碗器。皆须离食染。并悉灰揩方合煮物。其净水盆瓶。宜于净处安置。瓫须净物覆盖。瓶即置在竹笼。不得辄令触。欲用水时先净洗手。或用干牛粪。净揩手已。无腻方触。或以净绢布及叶。用替瓶咽。然后方捉。律云。除水及杨枝者。谓此清净之水。非是余二。杨枝若是新条湿者。应须火净受而嚼。故知不可直执戒文。凡欲以水入口。若饮若漱时与非时。皆须澡豆净洗手洗净两唇。漱口再三方合饮水。吃食亦然。又中食了时。若恐净瓶水少。须令俗人授前时水。嚼齿木澡漱已。然口津未得辄咽。要须以此净水三漱口已。方是清净得咽口津。目见西方南海僧众共行此法又此方古德律师有知斯事。然行之者希。若不如是。余腻不除咽咽得罪。亦斋不成。 三触用水者。但使无虫。不论净触即得受用。谓添触瓶向大小便处。及洗手足。更余用不得辄将入口。况食用耶。此等三水观知无虫。乃至明相未出已来。皆随事得用。明相既出即便不合无问多少。乃至瓶内一抄盆中一合。悉须铜盏。明目观察。若无虫者。虽经多日任用无犯。西方僧徒及俗人五戒以为急。若外方客僧不解此水净触法者。无容入寺。又复西方寺法。若见有 现代汉语译本： 更不用说劳累接受（供养）。如果比丘在非时（非进食时间）中，煎药、煮茶、制作蜜浆等都使用这种水（净水），不得使用之前（进食时间）的水，因为它已经不干净了。然而，使用的枪杓、碗等器皿，都必须与食物污染隔离，并且全部用灰擦拭干净，才适合煮东西。盛放净水的盆和瓶子，应该安置在干净的地方。盆子需要用干净的东西覆盖，瓶子则放在竹笼里，不得随意触碰。想要用水时，先净洗双手，或者用干牛粪彻底擦拭双手，没有油腻才能触摸。或者用干净的绢布或树叶，代替瓶口，然后才拿取。律典上说，‘除了水和杨枝’，指的是这种清净的水，不是另外两种（指前时水和三触水）。杨枝如果是新鲜湿润的枝条，应该用火净化后再接受并咀嚼。所以可知不能直接执着于戒条的字面意思。凡是想要用水入口，无论是饮用还是漱口，无论是否是进食时间，都必须用澡豆净洗双手，洗净两唇，漱口两三次才能饮水。吃东西也是这样。另外，中午吃完饭后，如果担心净瓶里的水不够，需要让俗人递送前时水。嚼完齿木，洗漱完毕后，口中的津液还不能立刻咽下，一定要用这种净水漱口三次后，才是清净的，可以咽下口津。我亲眼看到西方南海的僧众都共同奉行这种方法，而且我们这里古代的律师也有知道这件事的，然而实行的人很少。如果不如这样做，剩余的油腻没有去除就咽下，每次咽下都会犯戒，斋戒也无法完成。 三触用水，只要没有虫子，不论是否被（不净物）接触过，就可以接受使用。指的是（用净水）添加接触过大小便处，以及洗过手脚的瓶子里的水，除此之外，不能随意用来入口，更何况是食用呢？这些三触水，观察后知道没有虫子，乃至到天亮之前，都可以根据情况使用。天亮之后，就不可以了，无论多少，哪怕是瓶子里的一点点，盆里的一小口，都必须用铜盏，仔细观察。如果没有虫子，即使经过多日也可以使用，没有犯戒。西方僧徒和俗人都把五戒看得很重要。如果外来的僧人不懂得这种净水和三触水的用法，不允许进入寺庙。而且西方的寺庙规定，如果看到有（人违犯用水规定）
English
English version: Not to mention the labor of receiving (offerings). If a Bhikshu, during non-meal times, uses this water (clean water) for decocting medicine, brewing tea, making honey drinks, etc., he must not use the water from the previous (meal) time, as it is no longer pure. However, the ladles, bowls, and other utensils used must be kept separate from food contamination, and all must be scrubbed clean with ash before being suitable for cooking. The basins and bottles for holding clean water should be placed in clean areas. The basin must be covered with a clean cloth, and the bottle should be placed in a bamboo cage, not to be touched casually. When wanting to use water, first wash hands thoroughly, or use dry cow dung to thoroughly scrub hands, ensuring they are free of grease before touching. Or use clean silk cloth or leaves to cover the bottle opening, and then hold it. The Vinaya says, 'Except for water and toothpicks (Yangzhi)', referring to this pure water, not the other two (referring to the previous time water and three-touch water). If the Yangzhi is a fresh, moist twig, it should be purified with fire before being accepted and chewed. Therefore, it is known that one cannot directly adhere to the literal meaning of the precepts. Whenever wanting to take water into the mouth, whether for drinking or rinsing, whether it is mealtime or not, one must use soap beans (Zaodou) to thoroughly wash hands, wash both lips clean, and rinse the mouth two or three times before drinking water. The same applies to eating. In addition, after finishing the midday meal, if worried that there is not enough water in the clean bottle, one must have a layperson hand over the previous time water. After chewing the toothpick and rinsing, the saliva in the mouth must not be swallowed immediately; one must use this clean water to rinse the mouth three times before it is pure and one can swallow the saliva. I have personally seen monks in the Western and Southern Seas all practice this method, and ancient Vinaya masters here also knew about this matter, but few practice it. If one does not do so, the remaining grease is not removed and swallowing it each time is an offense, and the fast is not complete. The 'three-touch water' (San Chu Yong Shui), as long as there are no insects, regardless of whether it has been touched (by impure things), can be accepted and used. This refers to (using clean water) to add to bottles that have touched places of urination and defecation, and water that has washed hands and feet. Apart from this, it cannot be casually used for drinking, let alone eating. These three-touch waters, after observing and knowing there are no insects, can be used as needed until dawn. After dawn, it is not allowed, no matter how little, even a little bit in the bottle or a small sip in the basin, one must use a copper cup and observe carefully. If there are no insects, even if it has been several days, it can be used without offense. Western monks and laypeople consider the five precepts very important. If foreign monks do not understand the usage of this clean water and three-touch water, they are not allowed to enter the temple. Moreover, Western temples stipulate that if they see (someone violating the water usage rules) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
僧将净瓶上厕饮触瓶水者。以为灭法。即摈出寺。以此言之。冀诸行人。共为存护。令佛法久住。若能依教行者。即是与佛在世无有异也。 又旧律十诵五十九云。有净澡罐厕澡罐。四十一云。有净水瓶常水瓶。又新译有部律文。净瓶触器极分明。此并金口亲言。非是人造。宁容唯一铜瓶不分净触。虽同告语不齿在心。岂可以习俗生常故违圣教。准如此理。诸寺房中及行方等处。所有用水非常狼藉。或大盆贮。或瓫子盛安瓶内。皆不合用。以是大僧手触不好罗滤。经宿不观。停贮多时定有生命。设使无虫。当第三水饮用得罪。谓由盆罗及杓是不净手触有不净尘故。又如寻常用水铜瓶。若自取饮者。以其不净不受而饮。有不受罪。若中前触至过午饮。增触罪。若今日触明日饮。有宿触罪。不受而捉。有恶触罪。不净洗手。复有污手捉饮器罪。不净洗唇口饮水。有不净罪。此之六罪。各有方便成十二罪。皆有不敬圣教罪。此有因本。复二十四。添前成三十六罪。经宿覆藏。复有因本成七十二。添前有一百八罪。此等若其不学。若有不学无知二罪。复有因本成四百三十二罪。添前总成五百四十罪。又复从覆藏已下。及不学无知。皆有不敬教方便根本。更有一千八罪。添前五百四十。总有一千五百四十罪。此等略据一咽 现代汉语译本： 如果僧人拿着净瓶去厕所，饮用时触碰了瓶口的水，有人就认为这是灭法，应该被逐出寺庙。因此，希望各位修行人共同维护，使佛法长久住世。如果能够按照佛的教导修行，就和佛陀在世没有区别。 另外，旧律《十诵律》第五十九卷记载，有干净的澡罐和厕所用的澡罐；第四十一卷记载，有干净的水瓶和普通的水瓶。还有新翻译的《有部律》中，对净瓶和触器区分得非常清楚。这些都是佛陀亲口所说，不是人为编造的。怎么能只有一个铜瓶，却不区分干净和不干净呢？即使同样告知，也不放在心上。怎么能因为习俗和常例，就违背佛陀的教导呢？按照这个道理，各个寺庙的房间里以及行方等处，所有用水都非常杂乱，或者用大盆盛放，或者用瓦罐盛放在瓶子里，这些都不应该使用。因为大僧的手触摸后不好过滤，经过一夜不看，存放很久肯定会有生命。即使没有虫子，当第三次水饮用也会有罪过，因为盆、罗和勺子是不干净的手触摸过的，有不干净的灰尘。又比如平常用水的铜瓶，如果自己取水饮用，因为不干净而不接受而饮用，会有不受罪。如果在中午之前触摸，到中午之后饮用，会增加触罪。如果今天触摸，明天饮用，会有宿触罪。不接受而拿取，会有恶触罪。不干净地洗手，又有脏手拿饮用器的罪过。不干净地洗嘴唇就饮水，有不净罪。这六种罪过，各有方便会变成十二种罪过，都有不尊敬圣教的罪过。这有因本，再加二十四种，加上前面的就成了三十六种罪过。经过一夜的覆盖隐藏，又有因本会变成七十二种，加上前面的就有一百零八种罪过。这些如果是不学习，或者有不学习和无知两种罪过，又有因本会变成四百三十二种罪过，加上前面的总共成了五百四十种罪过。又从覆盖隐藏以下，以及不学习和无知，都有不尊敬教的方便根本，更有一千零八种罪过，加上前面的五百四十种，总共有一千五百四十种罪过。这些只是略微根据一咽（水）来说的。