Chinese
大正藏第 32 册 No. 1655 止观门论颂 No. 1655 止观门论颂一卷 世亲菩萨造 三藏法师义净奉 诏译 若见女形相 及以艳娇姿 愚人不了知 妄生淫染意 佛说膀胀等 蠲除淫欲念 能随世尊教 得胜果非余 戒净有闻思 策励常修习 系念观诸境 斯为解脱因 若人有瞋染 及昏沉睡眠 掉恶作并疑 此五遮修定 少闻与众居 鄙事情欣乐 爱身并受用 亦能遮定心 心乱有五缘 情随众境散 味着并沉掉 我慢重名闻 苾刍依圣教 有过应说除 善取住心缘 是为最初行 次依寂静处 妨难并皆无 然后息邪思 是苾刍初业 应可住尸林 着粪扫衣服 常求静息事 断除淫染心 乞食见女人 应观为不净 摄眼除邪意 正心当取食 多言多事务 此皆须远离 恼乱缘来逼 慧力应须忍 树下草𧂐中 或居崖窟内 观时应住此 寂静可修心 习定缘境时 不太高太下 不应极近远 于境使相应 善取所缘境 子细善观察 闭目住心时 犹如开眼见 根门皆摄敛 住念凝内心 缘境现前观 念念令相续 于前所取相 现代汉语译本 《止观门论颂》一卷 世亲菩萨造 三藏法师义净奉诏译 如果见到女人的形貌,以及艳丽娇媚的姿态,愚昧的人不能明了,虚妄地产生淫欲的念头。 佛陀说修习膀胀观等法门,可以去除淫欲的念头。能够随顺世尊的教导,就能得到殊胜的果报,而不是其他的(方法)。 持戒清净,广闻佛法并深入思考,勤勉努力经常修习,系念于所观的境界,这就是解脱的原因。 如果有人有嗔恨、贪染,以及昏沉、睡眠,掉举、恶作和怀疑,这五种(烦恼)会遮蔽修习禅定。 很少听闻佛法,与大众居住在一起,对低俗的事情感到欣乐,贪爱自身和受用,也能遮蔽禅定之心。 心散乱有五种原因:情意随着外在的境界散乱,贪恋滋味,以及沉没和掉举,我慢心重和追求名闻利养。 比丘应当依循圣教,有过失应当坦白说出并加以改正,善巧地选取安住心念的所缘境,这是最初的修行。 其次,依止寂静之处,没有妨碍和困难,然后止息邪思妄想,这是比丘最初应当做的事情。 应当居住在尸陀林(坟场),穿着粪扫衣(用丢弃的布料缝制的衣服),经常寻求安静止息的事情,断除淫欲染污的心。 乞食时见到女人,应当观想为不净之物,收摄眼根,去除邪念,端正心念,应当这样取食。 多说话、多事务,这些都必须远离。恼乱的因缘来逼迫时,应当运用智慧的力量来忍受。 在树下、草庵中,或者居住在山崖洞窟内,观修时应当安住于此,寂静之处可以修习心念。 修习禅定,缘于境界时,不要太高或太低,不应该太近或太远,要使心念与境界相应。 善巧地选取所缘的境界,仔细地观察,闭上眼睛安住心念时,就像睁开眼睛看到一样。 收摄六根,安住正念,凝聚内心,观想所缘的境界显现在眼前,念念相续不断。 对于先前所取之相
English
English version Verses on the Treatise on the Gates of Śamatha-Vipassanā (Zhǐ Guān Mén Lùn Sòng) Composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu (Shì Qīn Pú Sà) Translated by Tripiṭaka Master Yijing (Sānzàng Fǎshī Yìjìng) under Imperial Decree If one sees a woman's form, and her alluring and charming appearance, a foolish person does not understand and falsely generates thoughts of lust. The Buddha taught practices such as the Corpse Contemplation (Pang Zhang Guan), to eliminate lustful thoughts. Being able to follow the World Honored One's teachings, one obtains superior results, not otherwise. Maintaining pure precepts, widely hearing and contemplating the Dharma, diligently and constantly practicing, focusing the mind on the objects of contemplation, this is the cause of liberation. If a person has anger and attachment, as well as drowsiness and sleepiness, restlessness, regret, and doubt, these five (hindrances) obstruct the practice of meditation. Hearing little of the Dharma, dwelling with the crowd, delighting in vulgar matters, being attached to the body and its enjoyments, also obstruct the mind of meditation. There are five causes of mental distraction: the mind scattering with external objects, craving for flavors, sinking and restlessness, heavy pride, and pursuit of fame and gain. A Bhikṣu (Bǐqiū) should follow the holy teachings, and if there are faults, they should be confessed and corrected. Skillfully choosing the object of focus to abide the mind, this is the initial practice. Next, rely on a quiet place, where there are no hindrances or difficulties, and then cease wrong thoughts. This is the initial task of a Bhikṣu. One should dwell in a charnel ground (Shītuólín), wear robes made of discarded cloth (Fèn Sǎo Yī), constantly seek quiet and cessation, and cut off the mind of lustful defilement. When begging for food and seeing a woman, one should contemplate her as impure. Restrain the eyes, eliminate evil thoughts, and with a righteous mind, one should take food in this way. Much talking and many affairs, all of these must be avoided. When disturbing conditions come and press, one should use the power of wisdom to endure. Under a tree, in a grass hut, or dwelling in a cliff cave, when contemplating, one should abide in such a place. A quiet place is suitable for cultivating the mind. When practicing meditation, focusing on an object, it should not be too high or too low, it should not be too near or too far, one should make the mind correspond with the object. Skillfully choose the object of focus, carefully observe it. When closing the eyes and abiding the mind, it is as if seeing with open eyes. Gather in all the sense faculties, abide in mindfulness, concentrate the inner mind, contemplate the object of focus appearing before you, continuously, thought after thought. Regarding the previously taken appearance
Chinese
形貌用心观 膀胀女根边 可畏可嫌贱 犹如浊池水 风吹令动摇 观诸树影时 不善分明住 心垢烦恼水 乱情风所吹 澄念观察时 闇昧不能住 心沈应策举 可观胜妙事 如蛭饮血困 水浇令使苏 还应速收敛 于旧境安心 令意有堪能 调善皆随念 若其心掉举 应思厌恶事 令心寂静住 如钩斸象头 远离于沉掉 应平等运心 随情住舍中 此时无过咎 从此渐得住 取相影心安 明了中道行 正念灯持照 此时用寻伺 次第应观察 定影即便生 分明现前住 不动摇明净 如大丈夫形 此影望前观 是为差别相 此相既生已 欲爱等便除 即是系心人 初定方便相 次知瞋恚体 本由贪染发 欲爱既已除 得离于瞋恚 次以勤策念 遣除昏睡心 既观差别相 疑情即便息 次当除恶作 善行安隐路 寂静无障碍 能防于掉举 应知用粗寻 观其所取相 即于心影内 以伺细推求 见差别心喜 由此得轻安 次证于乐定 定支次如是 即是根本定 善安于念心 犹如欲至村 及至村中者 既获根本定 更复作余修 得他心宿住 神通天眼耳 于 现代汉语译本 仔细观察身体的形状和外貌,特别注意女性生殖器官的肿胀之处,那里是令人畏惧、厌恶和卑贱的。 它就像浑浊的池水,被风吹动而摇摆不定。观察树木的倒影时,不能清晰地分辨和稳定。 心中的污垢和烦恼就像水,被情欲之风吹动。当试图用澄明的念头去观察时,却无法摆脱内心的黑暗和迷惑。 如果内心昏沉,就应该振作精神,去观察殊胜美妙的事物,就像水蛭吸血后感到困倦,用水浇灌就能使其苏醒。 然后应该迅速收摄心神,将注意力放回原来的境界,使意念具有能力,调伏它,使它顺从你的念头。 如果内心散乱,就应该思考令人厌恶的事情,使内心寂静下来,就像用钩子控制住大象的头部。 远离昏沉和掉举,应该平等地运用心念,随顺自己的心意安住在舍(upeksa,不偏不倚的心境)中,此时没有过失。 从这里开始逐渐安定下来,选取所观对象的影像,使内心安定。在明了的中道上行走,用正念之灯照亮道路。 此时运用寻(vitakka,粗略的思考)和伺(vicara,精细的观察),依次进行观察,禅定的影像就会产生,清晰地呈现在眼前。 它不动摇,明亮而清净,就像一个大丈夫的形象。将这个影像作为目标向前观察,这就是差别相。 当这个(差别)相产生后,对欲望的爱恋等就会消除,这就是系心之人最初获得禅定的方便之相。 进一步了解瞋恚的本质,它原本是由贪染而生。当欲望的爱恋消除后,就能远离瞋恚。 接下来要勤奋地策励念头,去除昏沉睡眠的心。既然已经观察到差别相,疑惑的情绪就会平息。 然后应当去除恶作(kukkritya,后悔),走上善行的安稳道路。寂静而没有障碍,能够防止掉举。 应当知道运用粗略的寻(vitakka),观察所取之相。然后在心中的影像内,用伺(vicara)进行细致的推求。 见到(所观对象的)差别,内心感到喜悦,由此获得轻安(passaddhi)。接下来证得乐定(sukha),禅定的各个组成部分依次出现。 这就是根本定(jhāna),善于安定念头。就像想要到达村庄,以及已经到达村庄的人一样。 既然获得了根本定,更进一步地进行其他的修行,就能获得他心通(paracitta-vijñāna)、宿住通(pūrva-nivāsānusmṛti-jñāna)、神通(riddhi)、天眼通(divya-cakṣus)和天耳通(divya-śrotra)。
English
English version Carefully observe the shape and appearance of the body, paying particular attention to the swelling of the female reproductive organs, which are fearful, disgusting, and base. It is like turbid pond water, swaying and unsteady when blown by the wind. When observing the reflections of trees, one cannot clearly distinguish and stabilize. The dirt and afflictions in the mind are like water, blown by the wind of lust. When trying to observe with a clear mind, one cannot escape the darkness and confusion within. If the mind is drowsy, one should invigorate the spirit and observe sublime and wonderful things, just as a leech feels tired after sucking blood, and is revived by being watered. Then one should quickly gather one's mind and return one's attention to the original state, enabling the mind to have the ability to subdue it and make it obey one's thoughts. If the mind is distracted, one should think of disgusting things to calm the mind, just like controlling the head of an elephant with a hook. Away from dullness and agitation, one should use the mind equally, and dwell in equanimity (upeksa, an unbiased state of mind) according to one's own will, at this time there is no fault. From here, gradually settle down, select the image of the object of observation, and stabilize the mind. Walk on the clear Middle Way, and illuminate the road with the lamp of right mindfulness. At this time, use vitakka (initial application of thought) and vicara (sustained application of thought) to observe in sequence, and the image of meditation will arise, clearly appearing before you. It is unmoving, bright and pure, like the image of a great man. Observe this image as a target forward, this is the differential characteristic. When this (differential) characteristic arises, the love of desire will be eliminated, this is the convenient aspect of the initial attainment of samadhi (concentration) for those who bind their minds. Further understand the nature of anger, which is originally born of greed. When the love of desire is eliminated, one can be free from anger. Next, diligently encourage thoughts to remove the drowsy and sleepy mind. Since the differential characteristics have been observed, the emotions of doubt will subside. Then one should remove kukkritya (remorse), and embark on the safe path of good deeds. Quiet and without obstacles, able to prevent agitation. It should be known to use the rough vitakka (initial application of thought) to observe the object taken. Then, within the image in the mind, use vicara (sustained application of thought) to make a detailed search. Seeing the difference (of the object of observation), the mind feels joy, and thus obtains passaddhi (tranquility). Next, attain sukha (happiness), and the various components of samadhi appear in sequence. This is jhāna (fundamental concentration), good at stabilizing thoughts. It's like someone who wants to reach a village, and someone who has already reached the village. Since the fundamental concentration has been obtained, further practice other practices to obtain paracitta-vijñāna (knowledge of others' minds), pūrva-nivāsānusmṛti-jñāna (knowledge of past lives), riddhi (supernatural powers), divya-cakṣus (divine eye), and divya-śrotra (divine ear).
Chinese
此有伺时 心未能静住 犹如河有浪 非上地应知 既得初定已 仍于所缘住 次依二静虑 寻伺皆止息 虽得住此位 尚有喜水漂 入第三定时 其心便静住 由其心有乐 未能令住念 既证四静虑 众过并皆除 退分胜进分 住分决择分 静虑有四种 修定者初知 若定顺烦恼 此名为退分 后胜为胜分 自住住应知 由先善分别 是决择道因 此定能招彼 名为决择分 于无常等相 作苦等行解 若得此定者 是暖等道分 于青膀等相 观事有多途 如圣教修行 差别宜应识 死尸风鼓腹 穴处有脓流 连跨并皆粗 说名为膀胀 不爱身粗分 唯贪细滑身 对此染心人 令修如是观 若于死尸分 少有白脓流 余肉并多青 说此为青膀 睹色而生爱 斯名爱色人 对治以青膀 日亲之所说 死尸脓遍出 是谓脓流相 对彼爱香人 令观染心息 死尸腰烂断 名为断坏相 对彼爱全身 大仙尊为说 尸骸狐貉啖 鸟啄有残筋 对治爱肌肤 为说食残相 手足诸支骨 随处皆分散 对贪支分人 说骨邪乱相 即于骨乱相 刀杖斫分离 亦为爱全身 令观打乱 相 尸骸被刀斫 或由鉾箭伤 流血遍残躯 名为血涂相 净洁香涂体 新庄着彩衣 于此起贪人 用斯为妙药 于境唯独爱 不许外人看 多虫唼死尸 令观除恶念 骸肉皆销散 但唯牙骨存 于齿生贪者 令观齿骨相 若见新死者 识去有残形 乐着众生贪 令除娇态欲 屎尿及洟唾 合聚共成身 三十二种物 皮囊唤作人 发毛并爪齿 肝肚等相因 内扶三百骨 横缠九百筋 九孔流不净 垢污秽难陈 审观真可恶 智者不应亲 既观他女体 亦复察己形 于斯贪染因 理应常系念 不出三界狱 咸由欲染心 是故明智者 极善思其事 经多地狱苦 幸会得人身 岂得纵狂心 不修殊胜行 淫贪有多种 随生爱不同 一观并能除 谓是白骨观 色触形娇态 衣缨生染着 何药能除此 无过白骨观 先于足大指 定心缘作疮 破坏既脓流 肉皆随堕落 即观指骨形 由如白鸽色 其疮既渐大 肤肉尽皆除 作如是次第 身肉皆除尽 正念胜解成 但观其骨锁 若有片肉在 即名为乱意 况复纵心猿 驰求趣诸境 于多时系想 自知能善住 次渐及余人 现代汉语译本 相 尸体被刀剑砍伤,或者被长矛箭矢所伤,流出的血遍布残破的躯体,这被称为血涂相(Blemish of Blood)。 用干净的香料涂抹身体,穿上崭新的彩色衣服,有人因此产生贪欲,把这些当作美妙的药物。 对于自己的身体,只允许自己爱恋,不允许外人观看。让许多虫子啃食死尸,通过观察来去除邪恶的念头。 尸体的肌肉和脂肪都消散了,只剩下牙齿和骨头。如果有人对牙齿产生贪欲,就让他观察牙齿的骨骼形态。 如果看到新死的人,神识已经离开,只剩下残破的形体,那些贪恋美色的众生,要用这种方法去除娇媚的姿态和欲望。 粪便、尿液和鼻涕、唾液,混合在一起构成了身体。这三十二种不净之物,用皮肤包裹起来,就叫做人。 头发、毛发、指甲和牙齿,肝脏、肠胃等互相依存。内部有三百根骨头支撑,横向缠绕着九百条筋。 九个孔窍流出不干净的东西,污垢秽物难以述说。仔细观察,真是令人厌恶,有智慧的人不应该亲近。 既然观察其他女人的身体,也应该观察自己的身体。对于这种贪恋染着的根源,理应经常系念。 不能超出三界(Three Realms)的牢狱,都是由于欲望染污了内心。所以明智的人,要极其认真地思考这件事。 经历了多次地狱的痛苦,有幸得到了人身,怎么能放纵狂妄的心,不修习殊胜的修行呢? 淫欲和贪婪有很多种,随着所生的爱恋而不同。一种观想就能去除所有这些,这就是白骨观(White Bone Meditation)。 对于颜色、触感、形态和娇媚的姿态,以及衣服和装饰品产生染着,用什么药才能去除这些呢?没有比白骨观更好的了。 首先在脚的大拇指上,集中精神观想它生出疮,疮口破裂流出脓液,肌肉都随着脓液掉落。 然后观察脚趾的骨骼形状,像白鸽的颜色一样。疮口渐渐扩大,皮肤和肌肉都完全脱落。 像这样依次观想,全身的肌肉都脱落干净,正念和殊胜的理解得以成就,只观察骨骼的锁链。 如果还有一片肉存在,就叫做心意散乱。更何况放纵心猿意马,追逐各种境界呢? 在很长的时间里系念观想,自己知道能够安住于这种状态,然后逐渐扩展到其他人。