Chinese
天子言:“文殊师利!何者第一义谛?何者方便谛?” 文殊师利言:“天子!义者不以生故得称、不以坏故得称,无处所相无非处相、非一相非无相、无影响相、不可相非不可相、不可尽非不可尽、非堕落非不堕落,是名第一义谛。天子!义者无心无心相续、非迹非不迹、非此岸非彼岸非中流,是名第一义谛。无名称无文字处,是名第一义。所以者何?世尊说一切音声悉皆虚妄。” 天子言:“文殊师利!世尊所说亦尽虚妄耶?” 文殊师利言:“世尊不说实不说虚妄。所以者何?世尊住离二边离心意言,说于有为无为法中,不说实不说虚,是故无二。天子!于汝意云何?如来所化化人若有所说,为实为虚?” 天子言:“二俱无也。所以者何?如来所化化人,无身无成就。” 文殊师利言:“如是天子!如来说一切法同于化性,不说实不说虚,是故无二。” 天子言:“文殊师利!如来云何说第一义谛?” 文殊师利言:“天子!第一义谛不可言说。何以故?不可言说。何以故?不可喻、不可说、不可名,是名第一义谛。” 说此第一义谛时,五百比丘远尘离垢,于诸法中得法眼净;二百天子得无生法忍。 寂调音天子复问文殊师利:“第一义者 现代汉语译本 天子说:‘文殊师利(Manjushri,智慧的象征)!什么是第一义谛(paramārtha-satya,最高的真理)?什么是方便谛(saṃvṛti-satya,权宜的真理)?’ 文殊师利说:‘天子!真义不是因为生而得名,也不是因为灭而得名,没有处所之相,也没有非处所之相,不是单一之相,也不是没有相,没有影响之相,不可说是相,也不可说不是相,不可说是尽,也不可说不是尽,不是堕落,也不是不堕落,这叫做第一义谛。天子!真义没有心,也没有心念的相续,不是痕迹,也不是没有痕迹,不是此岸,也不是彼岸,也不是中流,这叫做第一义谛。没有名称,也没有文字之处,这叫做第一义。为什么呢?世尊(Śākyamuni,释迦牟尼佛)说一切音声都是虚妄的。’ 天子说:‘文殊师利!世尊所说的一切也都是虚妄的吗?’ 文殊师利说:‘世尊不说真实,也不说虚妄。为什么呢?世尊安住于远离二边,远离心意言说的境界,在有为法(saṃskṛta-dharma,因缘和合的法)和无为法(asaṃskṛta-dharma,非因缘和合的法)中,不说真实,也不说虚妄,所以没有二元对立。天子!你认为如何?如来(Tathāgata,佛的称号)所化现的化人如果有所说,是真实的还是虚妄的?’ 天子说:‘两者都不是。为什么呢?如来所化现的化人,没有身体,也没有成就。’ 文殊师利说:‘是的,天子!如来说一切法都如同化现的性质,不说真实,也不说虚妄,所以没有二元对立。’ 天子说:‘文殊师利!如来是怎样宣说第一义谛的呢?’ 文殊师利说:‘天子!第一义谛是不可言说的。为什么呢?因为不可言说。为什么呢?因为不可比喻、不可说、不可名状,这叫做第一义谛。’ 在宣说这第一义谛的时候,五百比丘远离尘垢,在诸法中得到法眼净(dharma-cakṣus-viśuddhi,对佛法的清净之眼);二百天子得到无生法忍(anutpattika-dharma-kṣānti,对不生不灭之法的证悟)。 寂调音天子又问文殊师利:‘第一义是……’
English
English version The Deva said: 'Manjushri (Manjushri, symbol of wisdom)! What is the ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya, the highest truth)? What is the conventional truth (saṃvṛti-satya, expedient truth)?' Manjushri said: 'Deva! Truth is not named because of arising, nor is it named because of ceasing. It has no characteristic of location, nor does it have the characteristic of non-location. It is not a single characteristic, nor is it without characteristics. It has no characteristic of influence. It cannot be said to be a characteristic, nor can it be said not to be a characteristic. It cannot be said to be exhausted, nor can it be said not to be exhausted. It is not falling, nor is it not falling. This is called the ultimate truth. Deva! Truth has no mind, nor does it have the continuity of mind. It is not a trace, nor is it not a trace. It is not this shore, nor is it the other shore, nor is it the middle stream. This is called the ultimate truth. There is no name, nor is there a place for words. This is called the ultimate truth. Why? The World-Honored One (Śākyamuni, Shakyamuni Buddha) said that all sounds are false.' The Deva said: 'Manjushri! Is everything that the World-Honored One says also false?' Manjushri said: 'The World-Honored One does not speak of truth, nor does he speak of falsehood. Why? The World-Honored One dwells in the state of being apart from the two extremes, apart from the mind and the words of thought. In conditioned dharmas (saṃskṛta-dharma, compounded dharmas) and unconditioned dharmas (asaṃskṛta-dharma, uncompounded dharmas), he does not speak of truth, nor does he speak of falsehood, therefore there is no duality. Deva! What do you think? If a transformation person created by the Tathāgata (Tathāgata, title of the Buddha) speaks, is it true or false?' The Deva said: 'Neither. Why? The transformation person created by the Tathāgata has no body and no accomplishment.' Manjushri said: 'Yes, Deva! The Tathāgata says that all dharmas are like the nature of transformation, neither true nor false, therefore there is no duality.' The Deva said: 'Manjushri! How does the Tathāgata speak of the ultimate truth?' Manjushri said: 'Deva! The ultimate truth is unspeakable. Why? Because it is unspeakable. Why? Because it cannot be compared, cannot be spoken, cannot be named. This is called the ultimate truth.' When this ultimate truth was spoken, five hundred Bhikshus (Bhikshus, monks) were far from dust and defilement, and obtained the purity of the Dharma Eye (dharma-cakṣus-viśuddhi, pure eye of Dharma) in all dharmas; two hundred Devas obtained the forbearance of non-arising dharmas (anutpattika-dharma-kṣānti, realization of the Dharma of non-arising and non-ceasing). The Deva Svaraghosa (Svaraghosa, peaceful sound) then asked Manjushri: 'The ultimate truth is...' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 难可究尽。”
Chinese
文殊师利言:“如是天子!第一义谛,不正精进者难可究尽。” 天子言:“云何菩萨正精进耶?” 文殊师利言:“若菩萨不为知、不为断、不为修、不为证而精进者,是名正精进。所以者何?若谓此应知、此应断、此应修、此应证者,此则有相、此则取着、此则戏论、此则有作。若如是行,不名正精进。” 天子言:“若如是者,复云何名正精进耶?” 文殊师利言:“如如等、法界等,即与无闻等。如如等、法界等,即与见等。凡夫法等、学法无学法、声闻法、缘觉法、菩萨法、佛法等,即诸行等、涅槃等、垢等净等。如是平等精进者,名正精进。” 天子言:“文殊师利!何等如与垢净等?” 文殊师利言:“空、无相、无愿如。所以者何?涅槃空故。天子!如瓦器中空、宝器中空,无二无别。如是天子!垢空净空俱同一空,无二无别。” 天子言:“文殊师利!菩萨于诸圣谛应精进不?” 文殊师利言:“天子!若菩萨不于诸谛起精进者,云何当为声闻说法?所以者何?菩萨修谛必有所为,声闻修谛则无所为。菩萨修谛有善方便,声闻修谛无善方便。菩萨修谛有所观察,声闻修谛无所观察。菩萨修谛为一切众生而不证实际;菩萨修 现代汉语译本 ‘难以完全探究。’ 文殊师利(Manjushri,菩萨名)说:‘正是这样,天子(Deva,天神)!对于第一义谛(Paramārtha-satya,最高的真理),不以正确的精进修行是难以完全探究的。’ 天子问:‘怎样的菩萨才算是正确的精进呢?’ 文殊师利说:‘如果菩萨为了知(jñāna,知识)、为了断(prahāṇa,断除烦恼)、为了修(bhāvanā,修行)、为了证(sākṣātkriya,证悟)而精进,那就不叫做正确的精进。为什么呢?如果认为这个应该知、这个应该断、这个应该修、这个应该证,这就有了分别相(lakṣaṇa,特征)、这就有了执着(abhiniveśa,固执)、这就有了戏论(prapañca,虚妄的言论)、这就有了造作(saṃskṛta,有为法)。如果这样修行,不叫做正确的精进。’ 天子问:‘如果像您说的这样,那又该怎样才叫做正确的精进呢?’ 文殊师利说:‘如如(tathatā,真如)与法界(dharmadhātu,宇宙的真实本性)相等,也就与无闻(aśruta,未听闻)相等。如如与法界相等,也就与见(darśana,见解)相等。凡夫法(pṛthagjana-dharma,凡夫的法)、有学法(śaikṣa-dharma,还在学习的修行者的法)与无学法(aśaikṣa-dharma,已经完成学习的修行者的法)、声闻法(śrāvaka-dharma,声闻乘的法)、缘觉法(pratyekabuddha-dharma,缘觉乘的法)、菩萨法(bodhisattva-dharma,菩萨乘的法)、佛法(buddha-dharma,佛的法)相等,也就与诸行(saṃskāra,一切有为法)相等、与涅槃(nirvāṇa,寂灭)相等、与垢(mala,污垢)相等、与净(śuddha,清净)相等。像这样平等地精进,才叫做正确的精进。’ 天子问:‘文殊师利!什么是如与垢净相等呢?’ 文殊师利说:‘空(śūnyatā,空性)、无相(animitta,无相)、无愿(apraṇihita,无愿)就是如。为什么呢?因为涅槃也是空性的。天子!就像瓦器中的空和宝器中的空,没有两样,没有分别。像这样,天子!垢的空和净的空,都是同一个空,没有两样,没有分别。’ 天子问:‘文殊师利!菩萨对于诸圣谛(ārya-satya,四圣谛)应该精进吗?’ 文殊师利说:‘天子!如果菩萨不对于诸谛生起精进,又怎么能为声闻说法呢?为什么呢?菩萨修谛一定有所作为,声闻修谛则无所作为。菩萨修谛有善巧方便,声闻修谛无善巧方便。菩萨修谛有所观察,声闻修谛无所观察。菩萨修谛是为了利益一切众生而不证得实际(bhūta-koṭi,真如实性);菩萨修