Chinese
大正藏第 17 册 No. 0823 佛说一切法高王经 No. 823 [Nos. 822, 824] 佛说一切法高王经(一名《一切法义王经》) 元魏婆罗门瞿昙般若流支译 如是我闻： 一时婆伽婆游王舍城迦兰陀竹林，与大比丘众一千二百五十人俱，其先悉是编发梵志，其名曰：优楼频骡迦叶等。一切皆是大阿罗汉，诸漏已尽无复烦恼心得自在，善得心解脱，善得慧解脱，人中大龙，应作者作所作已办，离诸重担逮得己利，尽诸有结善得正智心，解脱一切心得自在，到第一彼岸。 尔时世尊月十五日于布萨时在露地坐，诸比丘众之所围绕供养恭敬。彼时复有一异比丘，初始出家即日受戒，诣世尊所。到佛所已，头面礼足右绕三匝，绕三匝已，合掌向佛白言：“世尊！我新出家朝日受戒，唯愿教我，我于僧中云何而食？僧中食已云何可消？既食食已云何消施？又善男子信何义故，舍家出家得彼饶益？”彼异比丘即以偈颂问如来曰： “我既新出家， 朝日始受戒； 唯愿为我说， 云何消僧食？ 何义故舍家？ 出家入佛法， 唯愿说胜义， 云何消他施？” 如是问已。如来即答彼比丘言：“比丘当知，若比丘成就三法，应 现代汉语译本 《佛说一切法高王经》(又名《一切法义王经》) 元魏时期婆罗门瞿昙般若流支翻译 我是这样听说的： 一时，世尊(Bhagavan，佛的尊称)在王舍城(Rājagṛha)的迦兰陀竹林(Kalandaka Venuvana)游化，与一千二百五十位大比丘(bhikkhu，佛教僧侣)在一起，他们之前都是编发的梵志(brahman，婆罗门)，他们的名字是：优楼频螺迦叶(Uruvilvā-kāśyapa)等。他们都是大阿罗汉(arhat，已证得涅槃的圣者)，诸漏已尽，没有烦恼，心得自在，善得心解脱，善得慧解脱，是人中之龙，应做的事已做完，所作已办，脱离了各种重担，获得了自身的利益，断尽了各种束缚，善于获得正智，心解脱一切，心得自在，到达了第一彼岸。 当时，世尊在月圆之夜(十五日)的布萨(poṣadha，佛教的斋戒日)时，坐在露天之地，被众比丘围绕供养恭敬。那时，又有一位新出家的比丘，当天受戒，来到世尊处。到达佛陀处后，头面礼足，右绕三匝，绕三匝后，合掌向佛禀告说：‘世尊！我新出家，今天早上受戒，希望您能教导我，我在僧团中应该如何食用食物？在僧团中食用食物后，如何才能消化？食用食物后，又该如何消化施主的供养？还有，善男子因为相信什么意义，舍弃家庭出家，才能获得那些利益？’那位异比丘随即以偈颂向如来(Tathāgata，佛的称号)发问： ‘我既新出家， 早上才受戒； 唯愿您为我说， 如何消化僧团的食物？ 因为什么意义舍弃家庭？ 出家进入佛法， 唯愿您说殊胜的意义， 如何消化他人的布施？’ 这样问完后。如来就回答那位比丘说：‘比丘应当知道，如果比丘成就三种法，就应该……’
English
English version The Sutra of the High King of All Dharmas Spoken by the Buddha (also known as The Sutra of the King of the Meaning of All Dharmas) Translated by the Brahmin Gautama Prajñāruci during the Yuan Wei Dynasty Thus have I heard: At one time, the Bhagavan (Buddha, the Blessed One) was wandering in the Kalandaka Venuvana (Kalandaka Bamboo Grove) in Rājagṛha (Royal City), together with a great assembly of twelve hundred and fifty bhikkhus (Buddhist monks), all of whom were formerly braided-hair brahmins (priests), whose names were: Uruvilvā-kāśyapa (Kāśyapa of Uruvilvā), and others. All of them were great arhats (worthy ones who have attained Nirvana), their outflows exhausted, without afflictions, their minds free, well liberated in mind, well liberated in wisdom, great dragons among men, having done what should be done, their tasks completed, having cast off all burdens, having attained their own benefit, having exhausted all fetters, well attained to right knowledge, their minds liberated from all, their minds free, having reached the further shore. At that time, on the full moon night (fifteenth day) during the poṣadha (Buddhist day of observance), the World-Honored One was sitting in an open space, surrounded, venerated, and respected by the assembly of bhikkhus. At that time, there was also a certain bhikkhu who had newly renounced the household life and taken the precepts that very day, who approached the World-Honored One. Having arrived at the Buddha's place, he bowed his head to the ground at his feet, circumambulated him three times to the right, and after circumambulating three times, he joined his palms and addressed the Buddha, saying: 'World-Honored One! I have newly renounced the household life and taken the precepts this morning. I beseech you to teach me, how should I eat in the Sangha (monastic community)? After eating in the Sangha, how can it be digested? After eating, how should I digest the alms of the donors? Furthermore, for what reason does a good man renounce his household life and leave home, in order to obtain those benefits?' That particular bhikkhu then asked the Tathāgata (Thus-Gone One, another name for the Buddha) in verse: 'I have newly renounced the household life, And just received the precepts this morning; I beseech you to tell me, How to digest the Sangha's food? For what reason do I abandon my home? Renouncing and entering the Buddha's Dharma, I beseech you to speak of the supreme meaning, How to digest the alms of others?' Having asked this. The Tathāgata then answered that bhikkhu, saying: 'Bhikkhu, you should know that if a bhikkhu accomplishes three dharmas, he should...' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
食僧食，食已消施，彼善男子信何义故，舍家出家得彼饶益？何等为三？比丘当知，谓：入众僧、作众僧业、僧利相应。比丘当知，比丘成就此三法者，应食僧食，食已消施，彼善男子信何义故，舍家出家得彼饶益？”尔时世尊即说偈言： “若人入众僧， 造作众僧业； 众僧利相应， 彼人能消施。” 如是说已。彼比丘言：“如是之义世尊略说，我不能解。世尊！云何比丘名入众僧、作众僧业？又复云何僧利相应？”时彼比丘！即以偈颂问如来曰： “云何入众僧？ 云何众僧业？ 云何众僧利？ 愿说令得知。” 如是请已。佛言：“比丘！谛听谛听，善思念之！我今为汝广说众僧、说众僧业、说众僧利。” 彼比丘言：“如是世尊！愿乐欲闻。” 佛言：“比丘！所言僧者：四行、四得、八富伽罗。比丘当知，此名为僧，应受世间天人供养，合掌恭敬，无上福田。”尔时世尊重说偈言： “有四行四得， 八种富伽罗； 此等名为僧， 无上胜福田。” 如是说已。彼比丘言：“未知，世尊！何者僧业？”佛言：“比丘！谓：四念处及四正勤、四如意足、五根、五力、七菩提分、八圣道分。比丘当知，此名僧业。”尔时世尊而说偈言： “若常 现代汉语译本：‘食用僧众的食物，食用后能够消化施舍，那些善良的男子因为相信什么意义，舍弃家庭出家而获得那些利益？什么是那三种意义？比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）应当知道，那三种意义是：加入僧众、做僧众的事业、与僧众的利益相应。比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）应当知道，比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）成就这三种法，就应该食用僧众的食物，食用后能够消化施舍，那些善良的男子因为相信什么意义，舍弃家庭出家而获得那些利益？’那时，世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）就说了偈语： ‘如果有人加入僧众，造作僧众的事业；与僧众的利益相应，那个人就能消化施舍。’ 这样说完后，那位比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）说：‘像这样的意义，世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）只是简略地说，我不能理解。世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）！什么样的比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）叫做加入僧众、做僧众的事业？又怎么样叫做与僧众的利益相应？’当时那位比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）！就用偈颂向如来（Tathagata，佛的称号）请问说： ‘怎么样叫做加入僧众？怎么样叫做僧众的事业？怎么样叫做僧众的利益？希望您能解说，让我能够得知。’ 这样请问后，佛说：‘比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）！仔细听，仔细听，好好地思考！我现在为你详细解说僧众、解说僧众的事业、解说僧众的利益。’ 那位比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）说：‘是的，世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）！我非常乐意听闻。’ 佛说：‘比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）！所说的僧众，是指：四向、四得、八补特伽罗（pudgala，人）。比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）应当知道，这叫做僧众，应该接受世间天人的供养，合掌恭敬，是无上的福田。’当时世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）再次说了偈语： ‘有四向四得，八种补特伽罗（pudgala，人）；这些人叫做僧众，是无上殊胜的福田。’ 这样说完后，那位比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）说：‘我不知道，世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）！什么是僧众的事业？’佛说：‘比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）！是指：四念处（smrti-upasthana，四种观禅修习）、以及四正勤（samyak-pradhana，断恶修善的四种精进）、四如意足（rddhi-pada，四种禅定）、五根（panca indriyani，信、精进、念、定、慧五种能力）、五力（panca balani，信、精进、念、定、慧五种力量）、七菩提分（sapta bodhyangani，七种觉悟的要素）、八圣道分（arya-astangika-marga，达到解脱的八种正确方法）。比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家人）应当知道，这叫做僧众的事业。’当时世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）说了偈语：
English
English version: 'Eating the food of the Sangha (community of monks), and being able to digest the offerings after eating, what meaning do those virtuous men believe in, that they renounce their homes and become monks to obtain those benefits? What are those three meanings? A bhiksu (Buddhist monk) should know that those three meanings are: joining the Sangha, doing the work of the Sangha, and being in accordance with the benefits of the Sangha. A bhiksu (Buddhist monk) should know that if a bhiksu (Buddhist monk) achieves these three dharmas, he should eat the food of the Sangha, and be able to digest the offerings after eating. What meaning do those virtuous men believe in, that they renounce their homes and become monks to obtain those benefits?' At that time, the Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha) spoke in verse: 'If someone joins the Sangha, and performs the work of the Sangha; and is in accordance with the benefits of the Sangha, that person can digest the offerings.' After saying this, that bhiksu (Buddhist monk) said: 'Such meaning, the Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha) has only briefly explained, and I cannot understand it. Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha)! What kind of bhiksu (Buddhist monk) is called joining the Sangha, and doing the work of the Sangha? And how is it called being in accordance with the benefits of the Sangha?' At that time, that bhiksu (Buddhist monk)! asked the Tathagata (the Thus Come One, a title for the Buddha) in verse: 'How is it called joining the Sangha? How is it called the work of the Sangha? How is it called the benefits of the Sangha? May you explain it so that I can understand.' After asking this, the Buddha said: 'Bhiksu (Buddhist monk)! Listen carefully, listen carefully, and think well! I will now explain to you in detail the Sangha, the work of the Sangha, and the benefits of the Sangha.' That bhiksu (Buddhist monk) said: 'Yes, Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha)! I am very willing to listen.' The Buddha said: 'Bhiksu (Buddhist monk)! The Sangha refers to: the four paths, the four fruits, and the eight pudgalas (individuals). A bhiksu (Buddhist monk) should know that this is called the Sangha, and should receive the offerings of gods and humans in the world, with palms together in reverence, it is the supreme field of merit.' At that time, the Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha) spoke again in verse: 'There are four paths and four fruits, and eight kinds of pudgalas (individuals); these are called the Sangha, the supreme and excellent field of merit.' After saying this, that bhiksu (Buddhist monk) said: 'I do not know, Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha)! What is the work of the Sangha?' The Buddha said: 'Bhiksu (Buddhist monk)! It refers to: the four smriti-upasthanas (foundations of mindfulness, four types of contemplative practice), and the four samyak-pradhanas (right efforts, four kinds of diligence in abandoning evil and cultivating good), the four rddhi-padas (bases of power, four kinds of concentration), the five panca indriyani (faculties, five abilities of faith, effort, mindfulness, concentration, and wisdom), the five panca balani (powers, five strengths of faith, effort, mindfulness, concentration, and wisdom), the seven sapta bodhyangani (factors of enlightenment, seven elements of awakening), and the arya-astangika-marga (Noble Eightfold Path, eight correct methods to achieve liberation). A bhiksu (Buddhist monk) should know that this is called the work of the Sangha.' At that time, the Bhagavan (the Blessed One, a title for the Buddha) spoke in verse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 勤修习， 寂静八圣道； 如是修胜道， 是名为僧业。”
Chinese
如是说已。彼比丘言：“未知，世尊！何者僧利？” 佛言：“比丘！谓僧利者，四沙门果。何等为四？四者所谓：须陀洹果、斯陀含果、阿那含果、阿罗汉果。比丘当知，此名僧利。”尔时世尊而说偈言： “大人有大利， 僧中富伽罗； 谓四沙门果， 彼人能消施。” 如是说已。彼比丘言：“如世尊说，比丘入僧、作众僧业、僧利相应，如是比丘能消他食，既食食已能消他施。彼善男子！信何义故舍家出家得彼饶益？世尊！若人悕望一切智智舍家出家，未知，世尊！彼富伽罗为入僧不？作僧业不？得僧利不？” 佛言：“比丘！善哉善哉！汝善思量、汝善能问、汝善辩才，能问如来如是之义，利益多人、安乐多人、饶益多人，怜愍世间利益安乐，怜愍天人故如是问。如汝所问：‘若人悕望一切智智舍家出家，彼富伽罗为入僧不、作僧业不、得僧利不？’如是问者，我为汝说。比丘当知，彼富伽罗不入众僧、非作僧业，与众僧利则不相应。”尔时世尊重说偈言： “若人悕菩提， 彼不入众僧； 非修众僧业， 非僧利相应。” 如是说已，彼比丘言：“未知，世尊！彼富伽罗若不入僧、非作 现代汉语译本 勤奋地修习，寂静的八圣道；像这样修习殊胜的道路，这就被称为僧人的事业。 这样说完之后，那位比丘说：‘世尊，我还不明白，什么是僧人的利益？’ 佛陀说：‘比丘，所谓的僧人利益，就是四种沙门果。哪四种呢？就是：须陀洹果（入流果）、斯陀含果（一来果）、阿那含果（不还果）、阿罗汉果（无生果）。比丘你应该知道，这被称为僧人的利益。’当时世尊说了偈语： ‘大德之人有很大的利益，在僧团中是殊胜的人；他们证得四沙门果，这样的人能够消化信众的布施。’ 这样说完之后，那位比丘说：‘如世尊所说，比丘进入僧团、做僧团的事业、与僧团的利益相应，这样的比丘能够消化他人的食物，吃了食物后能够消化他人的布施。那些善男子，因为相信什么意义而舍弃家庭出家，从而获得那些利益呢？世尊，如果有人希望获得一切智智（佛的智慧）而舍弃家庭出家，我还不明白，世尊，这样的人算是进入僧团吗？算是做僧团的事业吗？算是获得僧团的利益吗？’ 佛陀说：‘比丘，好啊好啊！你善于思考、你善于提问、你善于辩才，能够向如来询问这样的意义，利益很多人、安乐很多人、饶益很多人，怜悯世间利益安乐，因为怜悯天人所以这样提问。正如你所问：‘如果有人希望获得一切智智而舍弃家庭出家，这样的人算是进入僧团吗？算是做僧团的事业吗？算是获得僧团的利益吗？’像这样的问题，我为你解答。比丘你应该知道，这样的人不进入僧团、不是做僧团的事业，与僧团的利益不相应。’当时世尊再次说了偈语： ‘如果有人希望获得菩提（觉悟），他就不算进入僧团；不是修习僧团的事业，与僧团的利益不相应。’ 这样说完之后，那位比丘说：‘世尊，我还不明白，这样的人如果不进入僧团、不是做