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English version 'Approaching a warm fire, one should be mindful of moderation in eating. Such a person, by this means, can avoid misfortune, ultimately preserve their lifespan, and live in peace and happiness. Those without wisdom, not knowing that overeating is the cause, attribute it to ghosts and spirits, wasting family wealth and killing living beings to offer sacrifices to ghosts and gods, seeking to preserve their lives, which is a futile effort. The accumulated food in the stomach eventually generates wind, causing cramps, twisting pain, and heartache, leading to death and rebirth in hell, suffering for lifetimes due to lack of wisdom.' The Buddha said, 'Rahula (佛陀之子)! Your returning home out of fear of sin is like those foolish people without wisdom. Those who seek blessings and wish to be free from sin should be humble, diligent, and earnest, draw near to wise teachers, cultivate wisdom, repent of evil deeds and sins, correct past mistakes, and cultivate future good deeds. From this, wisdom will gradually be achieved, and because of the achievement of wisdom, all sins will be extinguished. Just as I said before, the power of sunlight can dispel all darkness, so too is it with people who cultivate wisdom. Because you had good roots and conditions in the past, you were able to encounter me. Sariputra (佛陀十大弟子之一) and others are like skilled doctors who can cure painful illnesses and enable one to avoid death. Why do you now abandon the light and enter the darkness?' The novice Rahula (佛陀之子) said, 'World Honored One! The wisdom of all Buddhas is like a great ocean, while the minds of Rahula (佛陀之子) and others are like mere hairs. How can we receive and hold the wisdom of the Tathagata?' The Buddha told Rahula (佛陀之子), 'Like raindrops from the sky, the later drops cannot catch up with the earlier ones, but although they cannot catch up, they can fill large containers. Cultivating wisdom is also like this, starting from small and subtle beginnings, eventually achieving great capacity. Having achieved great capacity, it can then be transformed into other capacities, and so on, filling countless containers. This is called benefiting oneself and others. Benefiting oneself and others is called a great being, just like I am today.' Rahula (佛陀之子) and the others, having heard the Buddha's words, had their minds opened and their understanding deepened, and they were free from worry. They indicated that they would follow all the teachings of the World Honored One and would not dare to doubt them. At that time, a prince of the kingdom in the assembly, named Jetavana (祇树给孤独园的祇陀太子), having heard the ten wholesome paths taught by the Buddha, and knowing that the causes, conditions, and consequences are endless, knelt with palms together and said to the World Honored One, 'In the past, the Buddha instructed me to uphold the five precepts, but now I wish to relinquish the five precepts and uphold the ten wholesome dharmas. Why is this? Because among the five precepts, the precept against intoxicants is difficult to uphold, and I fear incurring sin because of it.' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 世尊告曰：“汝饮酒时，为何恶耶？”
Chinese
祇陀白佛：“国中豪强时时相率赍持酒食，共相娱乐以致欢乐，自无恶也。何以故？得酒念戒，无放逸故，是故饮酒不行恶也。”佛言：“善哉善哉！祇陀汝今已得智慧方便；若世间人能如汝者，终身饮酒有何恶哉？如是行者，乃应生福，无有罪也。夫人行善凡有二种：一者有漏，二者无漏。有漏善者，常受人天快乐果报；无漏善者，度生死苦涅槃果报。若人饮酒，不起恶业欢喜心故，不起烦恼；善心因缘，受善果报。汝持五戒何有失乎？饮酒念戒，益增其福。先持五戒，今受十善，功德倍胜十善报也。”时波斯匿王白言：“世尊！如佛所说，心欢喜时不起恶业，名有漏善者，是事不然。何以故？人饮酒时心则欢喜，欢喜心故不起烦恼，无烦恼故不行恼害，不害物故三业清净，清净之道即无漏业。世尊忆念，我昔游行猎戏忘将厨宰，于深山中觉饥欲食，左右答言：‘王朝去时，不被命敕令将厨宰，即时无食。’我闻是语已，走马还宫，教令索食。王家厨监名修迦罗。修迦罗言：‘即无现食，今方当作。’我时饥逼，忿不思惟，瞋怒迷荒，教敕傍臣斩杀厨监。臣被王教即共议言：‘简括国中唯此一人忠良直事，今若杀者，更无有能为王监厨称王意者。’时末利夫人，闻 现代汉语译本 世尊告诉祇陀说：‘你喝酒的时候，有什么坏处呢？’ 祇陀回答佛说：‘国内的豪强时常相约带着酒食，共同娱乐以求欢乐，自身并没有什么坏处。为什么呢？因为喝了酒还能想到戒律，没有放纵懈怠的缘故，所以喝酒不会做坏事。’佛说：‘好啊好啊！祇陀你现在已经得到了智慧方便；如果世间人都能像你这样，终身饮酒又有什么坏处呢？这样修行的人，应该得到福报，没有罪过。’ ‘人们行善大致有两种：一种是有漏的，一种是无漏的。有漏的善，常常会受到人天快乐的果报；无漏的善，能脱离生死苦海，得到涅槃的果报。如果有人喝酒，不起恶念，心生欢喜，不起烦恼；因为善心的缘故，会受到善的果报。你持守五戒，又有什么损失呢？喝酒还能想到戒律，更加增长你的福报。先前持守五戒，现在接受十善，功德胜过十善的果报。’ 当时波斯匿王禀告佛说：‘世尊！像佛所说的，心生欢喜时不起恶业，称为有漏的善，这件事是不对的。为什么呢？因为人喝酒时心里会欢喜，因为欢喜心就不会生起烦恼，没有烦恼就不会有恼害的行为，不伤害众生，那么身口意三业就清净，清净的道路就是无漏的业。世尊您还记得，我以前打猎游玩，忘记带厨师和宰杀的人，在深山中感到饥饿想吃饭，左右的人回答说：‘大王您出发的时候，没有命令带厨师和宰杀的人，现在没有食物。’我听到这些话后，骑马返回王宫，命令寻找食物。王家的厨师主管名叫修迦罗（name of a cook）。修迦罗说：‘现在没有现成的食物，现在才开始做。’我当时饥饿难耐，愤怒得失去了思考，生气迷乱，命令旁边的臣子斩杀厨师主管。臣子们接受了大王的命令，就共同商议说：‘全国上下只有这个人忠诚正直，如果现在杀了他，就没有人能为大王管理厨房，满足大王的心意了。’当时末利夫人（Queen Mallika）听到了
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English version The World Honored One (Sezun) said to Jita (name of a person): 'When you drink alcohol, what harm is there?' Jita (name of a person) replied to the Buddha (Fo): 'The powerful and wealthy in the country often gather together, bringing wine and food, to enjoy themselves and find happiness, and there is no harm in it. Why? Because when they drink alcohol, they remember the precepts, and are not lax or indulgent, so drinking alcohol does not lead to evil deeds.' The Buddha (Fo) said: 'Good, good! Jita (name of a person), you have now attained wisdom and skillful means; if people in the world could all be like you, what harm would there be in drinking alcohol throughout their lives? Those who practice in this way should receive blessings and have no sin.' 'People's good deeds are generally of two kinds: one is with outflows (you lou), and the other is without outflows (wu lou). Good deeds with outflows (you lou) often receive the reward of happiness in the realms of humans and gods; good deeds without outflows (wu lou) can escape the suffering of birth and death and attain the reward of Nirvana (Niepan).' If someone drinks alcohol, does not give rise to evil thoughts, feels joy, and does not give rise to afflictions; because of the cause of good thoughts, they will receive the reward of good. What loss is there in your upholding the five precepts? Drinking alcohol while remembering the precepts further increases your blessings. Previously upholding the five precepts, now accepting the ten good deeds, the merit is greater than the reward of the ten good deeds.' At that time, King Pasenadi (Bo sini wang) reported to the Buddha (Fo): 'World Honored One (Sezun)! As the Buddha (Fo) said, not giving rise to evil deeds when the mind is joyful is called good with outflows (you lou), but this is not correct. Why? Because when people drink alcohol, their hearts are joyful, and because of the joyful mind, afflictions do not arise, and without afflictions, there will be no harmful actions, and without harming sentient beings, then the three karmas of body, speech, and mind are pure, and the path of purity is karma without outflows (wu lou). World Honored One (Sezun), you may recall that I used to hunt and play, forgetting to bring the cook and the butcher. In the deep mountains, I felt hungry and wanted to eat, and the people around me replied: 'Your Majesty, when you set out, you did not order the cook and the butcher to be brought, so there is no food now.' After hearing these words, I rode back to the palace and ordered food to be found. The head of the royal kitchen was named Sukara (Xiu jialuo). Sukara (Xiu jialuo) said: 'There is no ready-made food now; it is only now being prepared.' At that time, I was unbearably hungry, and I lost my ability to think in anger, and in a state of anger and confusion, I ordered the ministers beside me to behead the head of the kitchen. The ministers, having received the king's order, discussed together, saying: 'Throughout the country, this is the only person who is loyal and upright. If we kill him now, there will be no one else who can manage the kitchen for the king and satisfy the king's wishes.' At that time, Queen Mallika (Mo li furen) heard --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
王教敕杀修迦罗，情甚爱惜；知王饥乏，即令办具好肉美酒，沐浴名香、庄严身体，将诸伎女往至我所。我见夫人庄束严丽，将从妓女、好酒肉来，瞋心即歇。何以故？末利夫人持佛五戒，断酒不饮，我心常恨。今日忽然将酒肉来共相娱乐，展释情故，即与夫人饮酒食肉，作众伎乐欢喜娱乐，恚心即灭。夫人知我忘失怒意，即遣黄门辄传我命，令语外臣莫杀厨监。即奉教旨。我至明旦深自悔责，愁忧不乐颜色憔悴。夫人问我：‘何故忧愁，为何患耶？’我言：‘吾因昨日为饥火所逼，瞋恚心故杀修迦罗。自计国中更无有人堪监我厨如修迦罗者，为是之故悔恨愁耳。’夫人笑曰：‘其人犹在，愿王莫愁。’我重问曰：‘为实如是，为戏言耶？’答言：‘实在，非虚言也。’我令左右唤厨监来，使者往召须臾将来，我大欢喜，忧恨即除。” 王白佛言：“末利夫人持佛五戒、月行六斋，一日之中，终身五戒以犯饮酒、妄语二戒，八斋戒中顿犯六戒。此事云何？所犯戒罪，轻耶重耶？” 世尊答曰：“如此犯戒，得大功德，无有罪也。何以故？为利益故。如我前说，夫人修善凡有二种：一有漏善，二无漏善。末利夫人所犯戒者，入有漏善；不犯戒者，名无漏善。依语义者，破戒修善，名有漏善；依义语者，凡心 现代汉语译本 国王（王）命令处死修迦罗（Śūkara，人名），内心非常惋惜；知道国王饥饿，就准备了上好的肉和美酒，用名贵的香料沐浴，打扮身体，带着歌舞伎女来到我这里。我看见夫人（末利夫人，Mallikādevī）打扮得庄重美丽，带着随从、美酒和肉食前来，愤怒的心情立刻消散了。为什么呢？因为末利夫人遵守佛陀的五戒，断酒不饮，我心里常常因此怨恨她。今天她忽然带着酒肉来与我一同娱乐，消除隔阂，我就和夫人一起饮酒食肉，欣赏各种歌舞，欢喜娱乐，怒气也就消失了。夫人知道我忘记了怒意，就派黄门（宦官）立刻传达我的命令，告诉外面的臣子不要杀厨师（厨监）。臣子们就遵从了命令。第二天早上我深深地自我悔恨，忧愁不乐，脸色憔悴。夫人问我：‘为什么忧愁，得了什么病呢？’我回答说：‘我因为昨天被饥饿所逼迫，因为愤怒的心杀了修迦罗。我估计国内再也没有人能像修迦罗那样胜任我的厨师了，因此而后悔忧愁。’夫人笑着说：‘那个人还在，希望国王不要忧愁。’我再次问道：‘是真的这样，还是开玩笑呢？’她回答说：‘是真的，不是假话。’我命令左右侍从召厨师来，使者前去召见，一会儿就带来了，我非常高兴，忧愁和悔恨立刻消除了。” 国王（王）对佛陀（佛）说：“末利夫人（末利夫人）遵守佛陀的五戒，每月持守六斋日，在一天之中，终身遵守的五戒却犯了饮酒和妄语两戒，八斋戒中一下子犯了六戒。这件事是怎么回事？所犯的戒罪，是轻还是重呢？” 世尊（世尊）回答说：“这样犯戒，能得到很大的功德，没有罪过。为什么呢？因为是为了利益（他人）的缘故。正如我之前所说，夫人（末利夫人）修善大致有两种：一是有漏善，二是无漏善。末利夫人所犯的戒，属于有漏善；不犯戒，就称为无漏善。从字面意义上说，破戒修善，称为有漏善；从深层意义上说，凡夫之心
English
English version The king (Wang) ordered Śūkara (Śūkara, a personal name) to be killed, feeling very sorry; knowing that the king was hungry, he immediately prepared good meat and fine wine, bathed with precious incense, adorned his body, and brought the singing and dancing girls to me. When I saw Lady Mallikādevī (Mallikādevī) dressed solemnly and beautifully, coming with attendants, fine wine, and meat, my angry mood immediately dissipated. Why? Because Lady Mallikādevī observes the five precepts of the Buddha, abstains from alcohol, and I often resent her for this. Today, she suddenly brought wine and meat to entertain me, dispelling the estrangement, so I drank wine and ate meat with the lady, enjoyed various songs and dances, and the anger disappeared. Knowing that I had forgotten my anger, the lady immediately sent a eunuch (Huangmen) to convey my order, telling the ministers outside not to kill the cook (Chujian). The ministers obeyed the order. The next morning, I deeply regretted myself, feeling sad and unhappy, and my face looked haggard. The lady asked me, 'Why are you sad, what is wrong?' I replied, 'Because I was forced by hunger yesterday, and killed Śūkara because of anger. I estimate that there is no one in the country who can be as competent as Śūkara as my cook, so I regret and worry about it.' The lady smiled and said, 'That person is still alive, I hope the king will not worry.' I asked again, 'Is it really so, or are you joking?' She replied, 'It is true, not a lie.' I ordered the attendants to summon the cook, and the messenger went to summon him, and brought him in a moment. I was very happy, and the worry and regret immediately disappeared.” The king (Wang) said to the Buddha (Buddha): “Lady Mallikādevī (Mallikādevī) observes the five precepts of the Buddha and observes six fast days every month. In one day, she violated the two precepts of drinking alcohol and lying, which she observes for life, and violated six precepts in the eight precepts. What is going on? Is the sin of violating the precepts light or heavy?” The World Honored One (Shizun) replied: “Violating the precepts in this way can obtain great merit and is not sinful. Why? Because it is for the sake of benefiting (others). As I said before, there are roughly two types of good deeds that the lady (Lady Mallikādevī) cultivates: one is conditioned good, and the other is unconditioned good. The precepts that Lady Mallikādevī violated belong to conditioned good; not violating the precepts is called unconditioned good. Literally speaking, breaking the precepts and cultivating good is called conditioned good; in a deeper sense, the mind of an ordinary person -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 所起善，皆无漏业。”