Chinese
大正藏第 17 册 No. 0735 佛说四愿经 No. 735 佛说四愿经 吴月支国居士支谦译 闻如是： 一时佛在拘夷那竭国，与五百比丘僧，坐于尼延树下，为数千万人说法。于是城中有豪长者，财富无数，名曰纯陀。纯陀有子，厥年十四，时得重病，不免所疾，遂便丧亡。父母、兄弟、宗亲中外莫不爱重，啼哭忧愁，安可言乎！ 尔时纯陀闻佛来化，心大欢喜，便告其妻言：“今佛在此，宜当往见。闻佛说经法者，莫不解悦，忘忧除患！”即与其妻、亲族、仆使俱到佛所，为佛作礼，却坐一面。长者纯陀长跪叉手，前白佛言：“人在世间，积聚钱财，思虑勤苦，不敢衣食，不知布施、奉持经戒，无尊无卑。获得如愿者，或时命尽。父母、兄弟、妻子、亲属啼哭愁毒，为其棺殓，遣送财宝、衣被、饮食，宁有益于死者不？” 佛告纯陀及诸会弟子：“听我所说，善思念之！”纯陀眷属、诸会弟子皆各叉手，一心受教而听。 佛言：“人有四愿，不可常保。何等为四？ “第一愿者，是人身。沐浴、庄饰、饭食、五乐常先与之，疾病卒至，不能止之。命尽，躯强在地，不随人魂神去。空爱重之，复何益也！ “第二愿者，谓有财 现代汉语译本 佛说四愿经 吴国月支人居士支谦翻译 我（阿难）是这样听说的： 一时，佛陀在拘夷那竭国（Kushinagar，古印度城市），与五百比丘僧人一起，坐在尼延树（Niyen tree）下，为数千万人说法。当时城中有一位富有的长者，拥有无数财富，名叫纯陀（Chunda）。纯陀有一个儿子，年仅十四岁，得了重病，无法痊愈，最终去世。他的父母、兄弟、亲戚以及内外亲属都非常爱重他，啼哭忧愁，那种悲痛是难以言表的！ 当时，纯陀听说佛陀来此教化，心中非常欢喜，便告诉他的妻子说：‘现在佛陀在这里，我们应该去拜见他。听说佛陀讲经说法的人，没有不感到解脱喜悦，忘却忧愁，消除病患的！’于是他和他的妻子、亲族、仆人一起到了佛陀那里，向佛陀行礼，然后退坐在一旁。长者纯陀长跪合掌，上前对佛陀说：‘人在世间，积聚钱财，思虑劳苦，不敢随意吃穿，也不知道布施、奉持经戒，无论尊贵还是卑贱。即使获得了如意的财富，有时也会寿命终结。父母、兄弟、妻子、亲属啼哭悲伤，为他准备棺材，遣送财宝、衣被、饮食，这些对于死者来说，难道有什么益处吗？’ 佛陀告诉纯陀以及在座的弟子们：‘听我说，好好思考！’纯陀的眷属以及在座的弟子们都各自合掌，一心接受教诲并聆听。 佛陀说：‘人有四种愿望，是无法永远保持的。是哪四种呢？’ ‘第一种愿望，是这个人的身体。沐浴、装饰、饮食、各种享乐总是优先满足它，但疾病突然到来，却无法阻止。寿命终结时，强壮的身体只能留在地上，不能跟随人的灵魂离去。白白地爱重它，又有什么用呢！’ ‘第二种愿望，是拥有财富。
English
English version The Sutra of Four Wishes Spoken by the Buddha Translated by Layman Zhi Qian from Yuezhi Kingdom of Wu Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was in the country of Kushinagar (Kushinagar, an ancient Indian city), with five hundred Bhikshu (monks) sitting under the Niyen tree (Niyen tree), expounding the Dharma (teachings) to thousands of people. At that time, there was a wealthy elder in the city, possessing countless riches, named Chunda (Chunda). Chunda had a son, only fourteen years old, who contracted a serious illness, from which he could not recover, and eventually passed away. His parents, brothers, relatives, and both inner and outer family members loved him dearly, weeping and grieving; the sorrow was beyond words! At that time, Chunda heard that the Buddha had come to teach, and his heart was filled with joy. He then told his wife, 'Now the Buddha is here; we should go to see him. Those who hear the Buddha expound the Dharma cannot help but feel liberated and joyful, forgetting their sorrows and eliminating their afflictions!' So he, along with his wife, relatives, and servants, went to the Buddha's place, paid respects to the Buddha, and then sat down to one side. The elder Chunda knelt down, joined his palms, and said to the Buddha, 'People in this world accumulate wealth, thinking and toiling, not daring to eat and dress freely, and not knowing about giving alms or upholding the precepts. Whether noble or humble, even if they obtain wealth as they wish, sometimes their lives come to an end. Their parents, brothers, wives, and relatives weep in sorrow, preparing a coffin for them, sending off treasures, clothing, and food. Is there any benefit to the deceased from these things?' The Buddha said to Chunda and the disciples present, 'Listen to what I say, and contemplate it well!' Chunda's family and the disciples present all joined their palms, wholeheartedly receiving the teachings and listening. The Buddha said, 'People have four wishes that cannot be permanently maintained. What are the four?' 'The first wish is for this human body. Bathing, adorning, eating, and various pleasures are always given priority, but when illness suddenly arrives, it cannot be stopped. When life ends, the strong body can only remain on the ground, unable to follow the person's spirit. Vainly cherishing it, what is the use!' 'The second wish is to have wealth.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
产、官爵、俸禄。得之者喜，不得愁忧。疾病，死至命尽，所有财物、官爵、俸禄，故在世间，不随人魂神去，空为愁苦。 “第三愿者，谓有父母、兄弟、妻子、中外、亲属、朋友、知识、恩爱荣乐。疾病，至死命尽，复不能救我命，亦不能随我魂神去。空啼哭，送我到城外深冢间，以弃我去，各疾还归。虽追念我，愁苦忧思，不过十日，诸家宗族、男女聚会，相向歌舞，快共饮食，相对谈笑，捐忘死人。虽有父母、兄弟、妻子、中外、亲属、朋友、知识，不能共追我命，空悲之，复何益也！ “第四愿者，是人意。天下人少有能守护其意者，皆放心恣意，淫于五乐，贪利疾妒，忿怒斗诤，不信道德。至于身死寿尽，魂神去矣，三者相追逐，不得相离。譬如雀飞，意随其两翅，意为身神，两翅为魂魄，人不能守护其意，皆从恶念所为，杀、盗、贪、淫，以生时所为罪，死入太山地狱中，为饥饿鬼。罪竟，乃出为畜生，当为人所屠割。作人放心快意故，入三恶道。” 佛告纯陀及诸弟子：“当端汝心，守护汝意！谛自思惟：知身非我身，所有财物，亦非我许。当谛计校所有，父母、兄弟、妻子、五种亲属、朋友、知识，官爵、俸禄，念欲得之，无有厌足，谓有益于我身，老、病、死来，皆不能益于 现代汉语译本 财产、官位爵禄、俸禄，得到的人欢喜，得不到的人忧愁。疾病来临，直至死亡生命终结，所有的财物、官位爵禄、俸禄，仍然留在世间，不能跟随人的魂魄离去，白白地为此愁苦。 ‘第三个愿望是，拥有父母、兄弟、妻子、内外亲属、朋友、相识之人，享受恩爱荣华。疾病来临，直至死亡生命终结，他们也不能救我的命，也不能跟随我的魂魄离去。只能徒劳地啼哭，送我到城外深深的坟墓间，然后抛弃我离去，各自迅速回家。即使追念我，愁苦忧思，也不过十天，各家宗族男女聚会，互相歌舞，快乐地共同饮食，相对谈笑，忘记了死者。即使有父母、兄弟、妻子、内外亲属、朋友、相识之人，也不能一起追回我的生命，徒劳地悲伤，又有什么用呢！’ ‘第四个愿望是人的意志（意，mind）。天下人很少有能守护自己意志的，都放纵自己的心意，沉溺于五种享乐（五乐，five pleasures），贪图利益，嫉妒他人，愤怒争斗，不相信道德。等到身死寿命终结，魂魄离去，意志、身体、魂魄三者互相追逐，不能分离。譬如麻雀飞行，意志跟随它的两翅，意志是身体的神识，两翅是魂魄，人不能守护自己的意志，都顺从恶念所为，杀生、偷盗、贪婪、邪淫，因为生前所犯的罪恶，死后堕入太山地狱（太山地狱，Mount Tai Hell）中，成为饥饿鬼。罪恶受尽，才出来转生为畜生，被人们宰杀。因为人们放纵自己的心意，所以堕入三恶道（三恶道，three evil realms）。’ 佛（佛，Buddha）告诉纯陀（纯陀，Chunda）及各位弟子：‘应当端正你们的心，守护你们的意志！仔细地自我思考：知道身体不是我所拥有的，所有的财物，也不是我所拥有的。应当仔细地计算所有，父母、兄弟、妻子、五种亲属、朋友、相识之人，官位爵禄、俸禄，想要得到它们，没有满足的时候，认为对我的身体有益处，但是衰老、疾病、死亡来临，都不能对我的身体有益处。
English
English version Property, official positions and ranks, and salaries. Those who obtain them rejoice, while those who do not are filled with sorrow. When illness strikes, and death brings life to an end, all possessions, official positions and ranks, and salaries remain in the world, unable to follow the soul, causing only empty suffering. 'The third wish is to have parents, siblings, wives, inner and outer relatives, friends, and acquaintances, enjoying love and glory. When illness strikes, and death brings life to an end, they cannot save my life, nor can they follow my soul. They can only weep in vain, escort me to a deep grave outside the city, abandon me there, and quickly return home. Even if they remember me, their sorrow and worry will not last more than ten days. The families and clans, men and women, will gather, sing and dance together, happily eat and drink, and laugh and talk, forgetting the dead. Even with parents, siblings, wives, inner and outer relatives, friends, and acquaintances, they cannot bring back my life, and their vain sorrow is of no benefit!' 'The fourth wish concerns the human mind (意, mind). Few people in the world are able to guard their minds; they all indulge their desires, wallowing in the five pleasures (五乐, five pleasures), coveting profit, envying others, becoming angry and contentious, and disbelieving in morality. When their bodies die and their lives end, their souls depart, and the mind, body, and soul chase after each other, unable to separate. It is like a sparrow flying, with the mind following its two wings. The mind is the spirit of the body, and the two wings are the soul. People cannot guard their minds and follow their evil thoughts, committing killing, stealing, greed, and lust. Because of the sins committed during their lives, they fall into the Mount Tai Hell (太山地狱, Mount Tai Hell) after death, becoming hungry ghosts. When their sins are exhausted, they are reborn as animals, to be slaughtered by humans. Because people indulge their desires, they fall into the three evil realms (三恶道, three evil realms).' The Buddha (佛, Buddha) said to Chunda (纯陀, Chunda) and his disciples: 'You should straighten your minds and guard your intentions! Carefully contemplate: know that the body is not mine, and all possessions are not mine either. You should carefully consider all, parents, siblings, wives, five kinds of relatives, friends, acquaintances, official positions and ranks, and salaries. Desiring to obtain them, there is no satisfaction, thinking they are beneficial to my body, but when old age, sickness, and death come, they cannot benefit my body.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
我身，亦不能为我却之。人不能自拔为道，如鹦鹉鸟爱其毛尾，为射猎者所得。贤者谛知，是四愿不随人魂神去，空为之困苦。因拔恩爱之根，绝三恶之道，得三善道：一者、不复老；二者、不复病；三者、不复死。坚守护其意，乃可得度！” 诸弟子闻经欢喜，为佛作礼。◎ 佛说四愿经 ◎佛念天地八方之外，万物受性皆怀忧苦，常伤人民，含血蠕动，不得自在。与天争命，皆当归死。骸骨销烂，下入于土；精神飞翔，展转五道，为善上天，为恶入渊。凡人生时，所为善恶，精神魂魄，随其殃福。生时为人，孝顺父母、忠信事君，死得上天。如世间人，积德为善，仕宦求官位，至公侯豪贵。富乐贫贱困厄，皆由宿命。行伐杀酷虐，生为恶人，死受重酬。自为心侯主招百凶，快心之欢必有后患。帝王人民，俱惑于道，寄托父母。作善福寿，为恶贫苦。盗窃欺人、负债不偿、借贷不归，死后当为奴婢牛马，或作大猪，屠割剥其躯，称卖偿人。作人悭贪，不肯布施，死为饿鬼，不得衣食。如乞丐人，以刀截肉，叩头求食。此皆先时，为人贪残悖逆，不信为善。伤杀盗窃、受人妇女、谗言两舌、饮酒斗乱，死入地狱，掠笞烧煮，身更虿毒，苦痛无极。人有六忧、三苦、四痛，佛戢转化，生死不绝。弃国 现代汉语译本：我的身体，也不能为我免除这些（四件事）。人不能自己解脱而悟道，就像鹦鹉爱惜自己的羽毛，反而被猎人捕获。贤者明白这个道理，这四个愿望（不老、不病、不死、不离所爱）不会随着人的灵魂而去，只是徒增困苦。因此要拔除恩爱之根，断绝三恶道（地狱、饿鬼、畜生），得到三善道（天、人、阿修罗）：一者，不再衰老；二者，不再生病；三者，不再死亡。坚定守护自己的意念，才能得到解脱！' 众弟子听闻佛经，欢喜踊跃，向佛作礼。◎ 《佛说四愿经》 ◎佛陀思念天地八方之外，万物秉性都怀有忧愁和痛苦，常常伤害人民，即使是含血蠕动的生物，都不得自在。与天争命，最终都要归于死亡。骸骨腐烂，最终归于尘土；精神飞翔，辗转于五道（地狱、饿鬼、畜生、人、天），行善者升天，作恶者堕入深渊。凡人活着的时候，所作的善恶，精神魂魄都会随着其业报。活着的时候做人，孝顺父母、忠诚守信地侍奉君主，死后就能升天。如同世间之人，积德行善，通过做官来求得官位，直至公侯豪贵。富裕快乐、贫穷困厄，都是由前世的命运所决定。如果行为残暴凶狠，杀戮成性，那么今生就会成为恶人，死后会受到严厉的惩罚。放纵自己的心意，招致各种凶险，一时的快乐必然会带来长久的祸患。帝王和百姓，都迷惑于世俗之道，寄托于父母。行善则有福寿，作恶则受贫苦。盗窃欺骗他人、欠债不还、借贷不归还，死后应当转世为奴婢牛马，或者变成大猪，被宰杀剥皮，称重出售来偿还债务。做人时如果悭吝贪婪，不肯布施，死后会变成饿鬼，得不到衣食。就像乞丐一样，用刀割自己的肉，叩头乞求食物。这些都是因为前世为人时贪婪残暴、悖逆不道，不相信行善的缘故。伤害杀戮盗窃、奸淫他人妇女、用谗言搬弄是非、饮酒争斗，死后会堕入地狱，遭受鞭打烧煮，身体遭受毒虫的啃噬，痛苦没有尽头。人有六种忧愁、三种痛苦、四种痛楚，佛陀教化转化，生死轮回永无止境。抛弃国家