Chinese
大正藏第 17 册 No. 0734 佛说鬼问目连经 No. 734 佛说鬼问目连经 后汉安息国三藏安世高译 闻如是： 一时佛住王舍城迦兰陀竹园。尔时目连晡时从禅定起，游恒水边，见诸饿鬼受罪不同。时诸饿鬼见尊者目连，皆起敬心，来问因缘。 一鬼问言：“我一生以来，恒患头痛。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，好以杖打众生头。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，资财无量而乐着弊衣。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，布施作福，还复悔惜。今受花报，果在地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，宿无常处，恒倚巷陌。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，客来投止，不肯安处；见他客止，方复瞋恚。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我食不啖一斛而不得饱。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，饭饲众生，初不令足。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，腹大如瓮，咽细如针孔，不得下食。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，作聚落主，自恃豪强，轻欺百姓，强打拍人，索好美食。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼 现代汉语译本 《佛说鬼问目连经》 后汉安息国三藏安世高译 我是这样听说的： 一时，佛陀住在王舍城（Rājagṛha）的迦兰陀竹园（Kalandaka Venuvana）。当时，目连（Maudgalyāyana）尊者在下午从禅定中起身，在恒河（Ganges）边游行，看见各种饿鬼遭受不同的罪报。那些饿鬼见到尊者目连，都生起敬重心，前来询问因缘。 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，一直患有头痛。这是什么罪业导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，喜欢用棍杖敲打众生的头部。现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，资财无数，却喜欢穿着破旧的衣服。这是什么罪业导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，布施作福，之后又后悔吝惜。现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，没有固定的住所，总是依靠在街巷里。这是什么罪业导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，客人来投宿，你不肯好好安排；看到其他客人留宿，反而生气。现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我吃一斛（hú）的食物都吃不饱。这是什么罪业导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，用饭食供养众生，从来不让他们吃饱。现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，肚子大得像瓮，咽喉细得像针孔，无法下咽食物。这是什么罪业导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，作为村落的首领，仗着自己豪强，轻视欺负百姓，强行殴打他人，索要美味食物。现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼
English
English version 'The Buddha Speaks of the Maudgalyāyana Sutra on Ghost Questions' Translated by An Shih-kao, a Tripiṭaka master from Parthia during the Later Han Dynasty Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in the Kalandaka Bamboo Grove (Kalandaka Venuvana) in Rājagṛha (王舍城). At that time, the Venerable Maudgalyāyana (目连) arose from meditation in the afternoon and wandered along the Ganges River (恒水), where he saw various hungry ghosts suffering different retributions. When these hungry ghosts saw the Venerable Maudgalyāyana, they all arose with respectful hearts and came to inquire about the causes and conditions. One ghost asked, 'Since the beginning of my life, I have constantly suffered from headaches. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyāyana replied, 'When you were a human, you liked to strike the heads of sentient beings with a staff. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the fruit will be in hell.' One ghost asked, 'Since the beginning of my life, I have had immeasurable wealth, yet I am attached to wearing tattered clothes. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyāyana replied, 'When you were a human, you made offerings and created blessings, but then you regretted and were stingy. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the fruit will be in hell.' One ghost asked, 'Since the beginning of my life, I have had no fixed abode and always rely on alleys and streets. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyāyana replied, 'When you were a human, when guests came to seek lodging, you were unwilling to provide them with a comfortable place; when you saw other guests staying, you became angry. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the fruit will be in hell.' One ghost asked, 'I cannot be full even after eating one hú (斛) of food. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyāyana replied, 'When you were a human, when you fed sentient beings with food, you never allowed them to be full. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the fruit will be in hell.' One ghost asked, 'Since the beginning of my life, my belly has been as large as a jar, and my throat is as thin as a needle's eye, making it impossible to swallow food. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyāyana replied, 'When you were a human, as the leader of a village, you relied on your power and strength, despised and bullied the common people, forcibly beat people, and demanded delicious food. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the fruit will be in hell.' One ghost --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
问言：“我一生已来，恒患男根疮烂，痛不可言。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，佛图精舍清净之处，行于淫欲。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来多有儿子，皆端正可喜而皆早死。念之断绝，痛不可言。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，见儿杀生，助喜啖肉；杀生故短命，喜故痛毒。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，有一狗体大牙利，两目赫赤，常来啖我。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，喜将狗猎，残害众生，无有慈心。今受花报，果在地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，有一人持诸利刀，常割我肉，尽便持去，须臾寻生而复来割，痛不可言。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，喜屠割众生，初无慈心。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，恒患身体，处处皆痛，不可得忍。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，好渔猎，所网得鱼投之沙土，令其苦死。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，顽无所知。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，强劝人酒，令其颠倒。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，恒患热渴，行见 现代汉语译本 有鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，一直患有男根疮烂的疾病，疼痛难忍，这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连（Maudgalyayana，佛陀十大弟子之一，以神通著称）回答说：‘你做人的时候，在佛寺精舍这种清净的地方，行淫欲之事。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报（指恶报的初期显现），最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来有很多儿子，都长得端正可爱，但是都早早夭折。想到他们就肝肠寸断，痛苦难忍。这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，看到别人杀害动物，反而助长他们的喜悦，喜欢吃肉；因为杀生所以导致短命，因为助长喜悦所以导致痛苦。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报，最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，总有一只狗，体型巨大，牙齿锋利，两眼血红，经常来吃我的肉。这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，喜欢带着狗去打猎，残害众生，没有慈悲心。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报，最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，总有一个人拿着各种锋利的刀，经常割我的肉，割完就拿走，过一会儿肉又长出来，他又来割，疼痛难忍。这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，喜欢屠宰众生，一开始就没有慈悲心。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报，最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，一直身体不好，到处都疼，难以忍受。这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，喜欢捕鱼打猎，把捕到的鱼扔到沙土上，让它们痛苦地死去。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报，最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，愚笨无知，什么都不懂。这是什么罪过导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，强行劝人喝酒，使他们神志不清。现在受到的这种痛苦是花报，最终的果报是在地狱。’ 一个鬼问道：‘我这一生以来，一直感到口渴难耐，行走时看到’
English
English version A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, I have constantly suffered from sores and rot on my male organ, the pain is unbearable. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana (one of the ten principal disciples of the Buddha, known for his supernatural powers) replied: 'When you were a human, you engaged in sexual misconduct in the pure place of a Buddhist monastery. Now you are receiving the flower retribution (the initial manifestation of bad karma), and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, I have had many sons, all of whom were handsome and lovable, but they all died young. The thought of them breaks my heart, and the pain is unbearable. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana replied: 'When you were a human, you rejoiced when you saw others killing animals and enjoyed eating meat; killing causes a short life, and rejoicing causes pain. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, there has always been a dog with a large body, sharp teeth, and blood-red eyes that constantly comes to eat my flesh. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana replied: 'When you were a human, you enjoyed hunting with dogs, harming sentient beings, and had no compassion. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, there has always been a person holding various sharp knives who constantly cuts my flesh, takes it away after cutting it all off, and then after a short while, the flesh grows back, and he comes to cut it again, the pain is unbearable. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana replied: 'When you were a human, you enjoyed slaughtering sentient beings and had no compassion from the beginning. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, I have constantly suffered from my body, and it hurts everywhere, making it unbearable. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana replied: 'When you were a human, you enjoyed fishing and hunting, throwing the caught fish onto the sand, causing them to die in agony. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, I have been ignorant and know nothing. What sin caused this?' Maudgalyayana replied: 'When you were a human, you forced people to drink alcohol, causing them to become disoriented. Now you are receiving the flower retribution, and the ultimate consequence is hell.' A ghost asked: 'Since the beginning of my life, I have constantly suffered from thirst, and when I walk, I see' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
恒河，冀入其中以除热渴。方入其中，身体焦烂，肌肉离骨；渴欲饮之一口入腹，五藏焦烂，痛不可言。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，喜焚烧山泽，残害众生。今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，恒患饥渴，欲至厕上取粪啖之。厕上有大力鬼，以杖打我，初不能得近。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，作佛图主。有客比丘来，悭惜不与食。待客去后，乃行与旧僧。悭惜僧物故，今受花报，果入地狱。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，恒处不净，臭恼缠身，不能得离；饥渴之时，还食此不净。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，作婆罗门子。有一道人，中后来就汝乞食。汝尔时当作是方便，令此道人不复来乞，便取其钵，盛粪着底，以饭覆之。道人得钵，还至本处，着一面澡漱既讫，摄钵欲食，钵中臭秽不可得近。以是之故，堕在地狱，汝将来世堕粪屎弥犁地狱中。” 一鬼问言：“我一生已来，肩上有铜瓶，盛满中洋铜。一手捉铜杓以取之，还灌其头，痛不可言。何罪所致？” 目连答言：“汝为人时，作僧维那知僧事。有一瓶酥藏着余处，不行与僧，待客去后，乃行与旧僧。此酥是招提僧物，一切有分。悭惜僧物故，今受花报，果 现代汉语译本：一个饿鬼问道：‘我看见恒河（Ganges River，印度教的圣河），希望进入其中以消除热渴。刚一进入其中，身体就焦烂，肌肉脱离骨头；饥渴难耐想喝一口，进入腹中，五脏焦烂，痛苦得无法形容。这是什么罪导致的？’ 目连（Maudgalyayana，佛陀的十大弟子之一，以神通著称）回答说：‘你做人的时候，喜欢焚烧山林沼泽，残害众生。现在受的是花报（immediate retribution），果报（ultimate consequence）还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，一直遭受饥饿干渴的折磨，想去厕所取粪便吃。厕所里有大力鬼，用棍子打我，始终无法靠近。这是什么罪导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，是佛寺的负责人。有外来的比丘（bhikkhu，佛教僧侣）来，你吝啬不给他们食物。等客人走后，才给原来的僧人。因为吝啬僧众的财物，所以现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，一直身处污秽之中，臭气熏天，无法摆脱；饥渴的时候，只能吃这些污秽之物。这是什么罪导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，是婆罗门（Brahmin，印度教的祭司阶层）的儿子。有一个道人，后来到你这里乞讨食物。你当时想了个办法，让这个道人不再来乞讨，就拿了他的钵（patra，僧侣的食器），在底部盛满粪便，用饭盖在上面。道人得到钵，回到原来的地方，洗漱完毕后，拿起钵想吃，钵里的臭味让人无法靠近。因为这个缘故，你堕入地狱，你将来还会堕入粪屎弥犁地狱（粪便地狱）。’ 一个饿鬼问道：‘我一生以来，肩膀上有一个铜瓶，盛满熔化的铜水。一手拿着铜勺舀出来，再灌到自己的头上，痛苦得无法形容。这是什么罪导致的？’ 目连回答说：‘你做人的时候，是寺院的维那（karmadana，寺院的管理者），负责僧众的事务。有一瓶酥油藏在别的地方，不分给僧众，等客人走后，才给原来的僧人。这酥油是常住僧众的财物，每个人都有份。因为吝啬僧众的财物，所以现在受的是花报，果报还在地狱。’