Chinese
大正藏第 17 册 No. 0727 十不善业道经 No. 727 十不善业道经 马鸣菩萨集 西天译经三藏朝散大夫试鸿胪少卿宣梵大师赐紫沙门臣日称等奉 诏译 此十不善业道，体性是罪，若乐求佛道者，远离彼过，当如是知。 何等为十？所谓身业三种，语业四种，意业三种。于是义中，今当解说。身三种者，杀生、不与取、欲邪行；语四种者，妄言、绮语、两舌、恶语；意三种者，贪、瞋、邪见。 云何杀生？谓于有情率先见已，次审其名，决定欲杀，动身施作，断其命根。如是五缘次第具足，成杀生罪，定感彼果。 云何不与取？谓于他物先窥觇已，而起审虑，决定欲取，动身所作，即盗其物。具足五缘，成不与取罪。 云何欲邪行？于此罪中而有四类，非处、非时、非分、非往。非处者，谓于诸佛菩萨经像、和尚阇梨、父母所止，或相邻近，皆所不应。非时者，谓于昼日，或偶月事，怀妊新产，彼不乐欲，及病恼等，或受净住八关斋戒，皆非其宜。非分者，谓于面门及以非道，童男处女，自执持等，俱不应作。非往者，谓于他妻，及比丘尼、亲族、异趣，及炫卖等，设自境界作非梵行，所不应理。如上当知。 云何妄语 现代汉语译本 《十不善业道经》 马鸣菩萨 集 西天译经三藏朝散大夫试鸿胪少卿宣梵大师赐紫沙门臣日称等 奉 诏译 这十种不善业道，其体性是罪恶，如果想要追求佛道的人，应当远离这些过失，应当这样了解。 什么是十种不善业？ 也就是身业三种，语业四种，意业三种。 对于这些内容，现在我来解说。身三种是指：杀生、不与取（偷盗）、欲邪行（不正当的性行为）；语四种是指：妄言（说谎）、绮语（花言巧语）、两舌（挑拨离间）、恶语（恶毒的语言）；意三种是指：贪（贪婪）、瞋（嗔恨）、邪见（错误的见解）。 什么是杀生？ 也就是对于有情众生，首先看到之后，然后审视其名称，决定要杀害，然后行动去实施，断绝其命根。 这样五个条件次第具足，就构成杀生罪，必定会感受到相应的果报。 什么是不与取（偷盗）？ 也就是对于他人的财物，先窥视观察，然后产生考虑，决定要偷取，然后行动去实施，就盗取了那个财物。 具足五个条件，就构成不与取罪。 什么是欲邪行（不正当的性行为）？ 在这种罪过中，有四种情况：非处、非时、非分、非往。 非处是指：在诸佛菩萨的经像、和尚阇梨（阿阇梨，导师）、父母所居住的地方，或者相邻近的地方，都不应该进行性行为。 非时是指：在白天，或者妇女月事期间，怀孕或刚生产后，对方不乐意，以及生病烦恼等情况，或者受持清净的八关斋戒期间，都不适宜进行性行为。 非分是指：对于面门以及非正常的性器官，童男处女，自己手淫等，都不应该做。 非往是指：对于他人的妻子，以及比丘尼、亲族、不同种族的人，以及卖淫等情况，即使在自己的境界内做不正当的性行为，也是不合道理的。 应当如上了解。 什么是妄语？
English
English version The Sutra on the Ten Non-Virtuous Karmic Paths Compiled by Bodhisattva Ashvaghosa (Maming Pusa) Translated by the Tripitaka Master Richēng (Nichiren), Great Officer of Court of Imperial Sacrifices, Acting Vice President of the Court of State Ceremonial, conferred the title 'Master Who Propagates梵 (Brahma)' and the Purple Robe, under Imperial Decree, from the Western Heaven Translation Bureau. These ten non-virtuous karmic paths are inherently sinful. If one aspires to seek the path of the Buddha, one should avoid these faults and understand them as follows. What are the ten? They are the three karmas of body, the four karmas of speech, and the three karmas of mind. Regarding these, I will now explain. The three of body are: killing, not giving (stealing), and sexual misconduct; the four of speech are: false speech (lying), frivolous speech (idle chatter), divisive speech (sowing discord), and harsh speech (abusive language); the three of mind are: greed (covetousness), hatred (anger), and wrong views (incorrect beliefs). What is killing? It means that towards sentient beings, first seeing them, then examining their name, deciding to kill them, then acting to carry it out, severing their life force. Thus, when these five conditions are successively fulfilled, the sin of killing is formed, and one will certainly experience the corresponding result. What is not giving (stealing)? It means that towards the property of others, first spying and observing, then generating consideration, deciding to steal, then acting to carry it out, thus stealing the object. When these five conditions are fulfilled, the sin of not giving is formed. What is sexual misconduct? Within this sin, there are four categories: wrong place, wrong time, wrong object, and wrong relationship. Wrong place refers to places such as near the images of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, the residence of one's teacher (Upadhyaya and Acharya), or one's parents; all these are inappropriate. Wrong time refers to daytime, during a woman's menstruation, pregnancy, or postpartum, when the other person is unwilling, or during illness or distress, or when observing the pure Eight Precepts; all these are unsuitable. Wrong object refers to engaging in sexual acts with the mouth or non-genital areas, with young boys or girls, or through self-manipulation; all these should not be done. Wrong relationship refers to engaging in sexual acts with another's wife, nuns (bhikkhunis), relatives, those of different species, or prostitutes; even within one's own domain, engaging in non-celibate conduct is unreasonable. Understand as above. What is false speech (lying)? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
？谓于见物或他遗坠，审知是已，决定而取，彼若寻求起虚妄说，具是五缘，成妄语罪。 云何绮语？谓于他人以染污心，增饰其非，对彼而说。 云何两舌？于他所有隐密等事，以非理言，而作离间。 云何恶语？谓于贪欲和合事相，以杂染言厉声而说。 云何名贪？于他财富及彼受用，起爱乐心，非理希望。 云何名瞋？谓于有情起忿恚心，而作损恼及捶打等。 云何邪见？谓无施等、无彼后世、无供养事、无佛世尊声闻缘觉、无罪无福、无所作业、无所受报。 如《正法念处经》，及余经说。此十不善业道是地狱因，于十善业道应当修学，则于恶趣永不堕落。 十不善业道经 现代汉语译本： 如果看见别人的东西或者遗失之物，明明知道是自己的，就确定地拿走。如果那人寻找时，就说虚妄之语，具备这五种因缘，就构成妄语罪。 什么是绮语？就是对于他人，以染污之心，增添修饰其不实之处，当着那人而说。 什么是两舌？就是对于他人所有的隐秘等事，用不合道理的言语，而进行离间。 什么是恶语？就是对于贪欲和合之事，用夹杂染污的言语，厉声恶语地说。 什么叫做贪？就是对于他人的财富以及他们所受用的东西，生起爱恋喜好的心，不合道理地希望得到。 什么叫做瞋？就是对于有情众生生起忿怒怨恨之心，而进行损害恼乱以及捶打等行为。 什么叫做邪见？就是认为没有布施等善行，没有来世，没有供养之事，没有佛世尊、声闻、缘觉，没有罪恶没有福报，没有所作之业，没有所受之报。 如《正法念处经》以及其他经典所说。这十种不善业道是地狱之因，对于十善业道应当修习学习，那么就永远不会堕落到恶趣之中。 《十不善业道经》
English
English version: If one sees another's property or lost item, and knowing it to be theirs, definitively takes it; if that person seeks it and one speaks falsely, possessing these five conditions, one commits the sin of false speech (妄语罪, wàng yǔ zuì). What is frivolous speech (绮语, qǐ yǔ)? It is, with a defiled mind, adding embellishments to another's untruths, and speaking them to that person. What is divisive speech (两舌, liǎng shé)? It is, regarding another's secrets and such, using unreasonable words to create discord. What is harsh speech (恶语, è yǔ)? It is, regarding matters of lustful union, speaking with mixed and defiled words in a harsh voice. What is called greed (贪, tān)? It is, regarding the wealth of others and their enjoyments, giving rise to a mind of love and desire, and hoping to obtain them unreasonably. What is called anger (瞋, chēn)? It is, regarding sentient beings, giving rise to a mind of anger and resentment, and engaging in acts of harm, annoyance, beating, and the like. What is called wrong view (邪见, xié jiàn)? It is believing that there is no giving (施, shī) and other good deeds, no afterlife, no acts of offering, no Buddhas (佛世尊, Fó shì zūn), Śrāvakas (声闻, shēng wén), Pratyekabuddhas (缘觉, yuán jué), no sin, no merit, no actions performed, and no retributions received. As stated in the *Saddharma Smṛtyupasthāna Sūtra* (《正法念处经》, Zhèng fǎ niàn chù jīng) and other sutras. These ten non-virtuous karmic paths are the cause of hell. One should cultivate and learn the ten virtuous karmic paths, and then one will never fall into the evil realms. *Sutra of the Ten Non-Virtuous Karmic Paths* (《十不善业道经》, Shí bù shàn yè dào jīng) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------