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大正藏第 14 册 No. 0584 长爪梵志请问经 No. 584 长爪梵志请问经 大唐三藏法师义净奉 制译 如是我闻： 一时，薄伽梵在王舍城鹫峰山中，与大苾刍众千二百五十人俱，并余苾刍、苾刍尼、近事男、近事女、国王、大臣、沙门、婆罗门、外道之类，天、龙、药叉、人非人等，瞻仰而住。 尔时，世尊为说自证微妙之法，所谓初中后善，文义巧妙，纯一圆满，清净鲜白，梵行之相。 尔时，有一长爪梵志，来诣佛所，策杖而立，问言：“乔答摩！汝曾实作如是宣说，世由自业，业为能授，业为生处，业为亲族，业为所依耶！” 佛告婆罗门：“我作是说，世由自业，业为能授，业为生处，业为亲族，业为所依。” 婆罗门曰：“若如是者，沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得金刚不坏坚固之身？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离杀害有情命根，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得手指纤长网缦为相？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离偷盗他人财物，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得具足色力诸根圆满？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前 现代汉语译本 《长爪梵志请问经》 唐朝三藏法师义净奉旨翻译 我是这样听说的： 一时，薄伽梵（Bhagavan，世尊）在王舍城鹫峰山中，与一千二百五十位大比丘众在一起，还有其他的比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、国王、大臣、沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）、婆罗门（Brāhmaṇa，祭司阶层）、外道之类，以及天、龙、药叉（Yakṣa，一种神）、人非人等，都瞻仰着佛陀而住。 当时，世尊为他们宣说自己证悟的微妙之法，这法初善、中善、后善，文辞和义理都巧妙，纯一而圆满，清净而鲜明，是梵行（brahmacarya，清净行）的相貌。 当时，有一位名叫长爪的婆罗门，来到佛陀所在的地方，拄着拐杖站立，问道：‘乔答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你是否确实说过这样的话，世界是由自己的业力所造，业力是能给予者，业力是产生的地方，业力是亲族，业力是所依赖的呢？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我是这样说的，世界是由自己的业力所造，业力是能给予者，业力是产生的地方，业力是亲族，业力是所依赖的。’ 婆罗门说：‘如果这样的话，沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）乔答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什么业，让你获得金刚不坏的坚固之身呢？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我在前世，远离杀害有情众生的性命，由于那个业力的缘故，今生获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）乔答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什么业，让你获得手指纤长，有网状纹路作为相好呢？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我在前世，远离偷盗他人的财物，由于那个业力的缘故，今生获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）乔答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什么业，让你获得具足的色力，诸根圆满呢？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我在前
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English version The Sutra of Inquiry by the Ascetic with Long Nails Translated under Imperial Order by the Tang Dynasty Tripitaka Master Yijing Thus have I heard: At one time, the Bhagavan (Bhagavan, The World Honored One) was in Rajagriha, at Mount Gridhrakuta, together with a great assembly of twelve hundred and fifty Bhikshus (Bhikshu, monks), as well as other Bhikshus, Bhikshunis (Bhikshuni, nuns), Upasakas (Upasaka, male lay devotees), Upasikas (Upasika, female lay devotees), kings, ministers, Sramanas (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics), Brahmanas (Brāhmaṇa, priests), followers of other paths, and beings such as gods, dragons, Yakshas (Yakṣa, a type of spirit), humans, and non-humans, all gazing upon him and abiding there. At that time, the World Honored One was expounding the subtle Dharma he had realized himself, which is good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, with skillful words and meanings, complete and perfect, pure and bright, and the aspect of the Brahmacharya (brahmacarya, pure conduct). At that time, there was an ascetic named Long Nails, who came to where the Buddha was, stood leaning on his staff, and asked: 'Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! Have you truly declared that the world is created by one's own karma, that karma is the giver, karma is the place of birth, karma is the family, and karma is the support?' The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'I have said this, that the world is created by one's own karma, that karma is the giver, karma is the place of birth, karma is the family, and karma is the support.' The Brahmana said: 'If that is so, Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain a diamond-like, indestructible, and firm body?' The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous life, I refrained from killing sentient beings, and due to the power of that karma, I have obtained this result in this life.' 'Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain long, slender fingers with webbed markings as auspicious signs?' The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous life, I refrained from stealing the property of others, and due to the power of that karma, I have obtained this result in this life.' 'Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain complete physical strength and perfect faculties?' The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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生，远离女人欲染之事，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得出广长舌，自覆其面？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离妄语诡诳于人，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得威仪庠序，如师子行？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离诸酒放逸之处，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得微妙相好，庄严其身？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离歌舞倡艳之事，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得上妙香气，芬馥其身？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离香花璎珞庄饰，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得受用金刚胜妙之座？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离高床大床骄恣之物，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得四十牙齿鲜白齐平？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，远离非时饮啖诸食，由彼业力，今获斯果。” “沙门乔答摩！先作何业，令汝获得顶上肉髻圆满姝好？” 佛告婆罗门：“我于前生，于三宝、二师沙门、婆罗门、父母、尊长，应恭敬处，五轮着地，以 现代汉语译本： ‘沙门乔答摩（Śramaṇa Gautama，释迦牟尼佛的尊称）！你先前做了什么业，使你能够远离女人和情欲的染着，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门（Brahmin，古印度祭司阶层）：‘我于前生，远离虚妄的言语，不欺骗他人，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得威仪庄重，行走如狮子一般？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，远离各种酒类和放逸的场所，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得微妙的相好，庄严你的身体？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，远离歌舞和倡妓的艳丽之事，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得上妙的香气，芬芳你的身体？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，远离香花和璎珞的装饰，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得受用金刚般殊胜美妙的座位？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，远离高床和大床等骄奢放纵之物，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得四十颗牙齿，鲜白而整齐？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，远离非时（不适当的时间）饮用和食用各种食物，凭借那样的业力，如今获得这样的果报。’ ‘沙门乔答摩！你先前做了什么业，使你获得头顶上的肉髻，圆满而美好？’ 佛陀告诉婆罗门：‘我于前生，对于三宝（佛、法、僧），二师（戒师、教授师），沙门（Śramaṇa，出家修行者），婆罗门（Brahmin，古印度祭司阶层），父母，尊长，在应该恭敬的地方，五轮着地（佛教的一种礼拜方式，即双膝、双手和额头着地），以’
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English version: ‘Śramaṇa Gautama (honorific title for Shakyamuni Buddha)! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to be free from the defilements of women and lust, and by the power of those deeds, you now obtain such a result?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin (Brahmin, the priestly class in ancient India): ‘In my previous life, I refrained from false speech and did not deceive others, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to have dignified deportment, walking like a lion?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, I refrained from all kinds of alcohol and places of dissipation, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain subtle and wonderful marks and characteristics, adorning your body?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, I refrained from singing, dancing, and the alluring affairs of courtesans, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain supremely wonderful fragrance, perfuming your body?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, I refrained from fragrant flowers and the adornment of necklaces, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain and enjoy a seat as excellent and wonderful as diamond?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, I refrained from high beds and large beds, things of arrogance and indulgence, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain forty teeth, bright white and evenly aligned?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, I refrained from consuming various foods at inappropriate times, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.’ ‘Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain a protuberance of flesh on the crown of your head, perfectly round and beautiful?’ The Buddha told the Brahmin: ‘In my previous life, towards the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), the two teachers (preceptor and instructor), Śramaṇas (Śramaṇa, wandering ascetics), Brahmins (Brahmin, the priestly class in ancient India), parents, and elders, in places where respect was due, I prostrated with the five wheels touching the ground (a Buddhist form of prostration, with both knees, both hands, and the forehead touching the ground), with’ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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无慢心虔诚致礼，由彼业力，今获斯果。” 时婆罗门，见佛为说因果不虚，白言：“乔答摩！此名何福？云何受持？” 佛言：“此名八支净戒，若能一日一夜，或复长时，从师受持，获果如是。” 尔时长爪梵志，既于佛所闻说八支日夜净戒，由先远离鄙恶业故，便能获得胜妙庄严，深心信受，欢喜踊跃，即于佛前舍高慢心，投杖于地，合掌恭敬，礼佛双足，白言：“世尊！我今始知善恶之业感报不虚，我从今日乃至尽形，归依佛陀两足中尊；乃至尽形，归依达磨离欲中尊；乃至尽形，归依僧伽诸众中尊。我受八支近住净戒，始从今时，乃至明旦日出已来，于其中间： “不害一切命， 不盗他财物， 不淫不妄语， 饮酒放逸处， 花庄及歌舞， 高大非时食， 我今悉远离， 受持净八支。” 第二、第三亦如是说。 佛告婆罗门：“善哉！善哉！如是应作，如是应持。” 尔时世尊，说是法已，时婆罗门，及苾刍众，诸人天等，皆大欢喜，信受奉行。 长爪梵志请问经 现代汉语译本：'因为没有傲慢之心，虔诚地行礼，所以凭借那（过去）的业力，如今获得了这样的果报。' 当时，那位婆罗门（Brahman，印度教祭司），见到佛陀解说因果报应真实不虚，便说道：'乔答摩（Gautama，释迦牟尼的姓）！这叫做什么福德？应该如何受持？' 佛陀说：'这叫做八支净戒（Eight Precepts），如果能一日一夜，或者更长时间，从师父那里受持，就能获得这样的果报。' 当时，长爪梵志（Long-nailed Brahman）在佛陀那里听闻了八支日夜净戒，由于先前远离了卑劣的恶业，便能获得殊胜美妙的庄严，内心深深地信受，欢喜雀跃，当即在佛陀面前舍弃了高傲之心，将手杖扔在地上，合掌恭敬，礼拜佛陀的双足，说道：'世尊（World-Honored One）！我现在才知道善恶之业的感应报应真实不虚，我从今天开始直到生命终结，归依佛陀，两足中的至尊；直到生命终结，归依达磨（Dharma，佛法），离欲中的至尊；直到生命终结，归依僧伽（Sangha，僧团），诸众中的至尊。我受持八支近住净戒，从现在开始，直到明天太阳升起，在这期间：' '不伤害一切生命，不偷盗他人财物，不邪淫不妄语，饮酒放逸之处，花鬘装饰及歌舞，高广大床及非时之食，我现在全部远离，受持清净的八支戒。' （受持）第二天、第三天也像这样说。 佛陀告诉婆罗门：'好啊！好啊！应当这样去做，应当这样受持。' 当时，世尊说完这部经后，当时的婆罗门，以及比丘（Bhikkhu，出家僧侣）大众，诸人天等，都非常欢喜，信受奉行。 《长爪梵志请问经》
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English version: 'Without arrogance and with sincere reverence, due to that (past) karma, one now obtains such a result.' At that time, the Brahman (Brahman, a priest in Hinduism), seeing the Buddha explain that the law of cause and effect is true and not false, said: 'Gautama (Gautama, the surname of Shakyamuni)! What is this called merit? How should it be practiced?' The Buddha said: 'This is called the Eight Precepts (Eight Precepts). If one can observe them for one day and one night, or for a longer period, having received them from a teacher, one will obtain such a result.' At that time, the Long-nailed Brahman (Long-nailed Brahman), having heard the Eight Precepts for day and night from the Buddha, because he had previously refrained from base and evil deeds, was able to obtain excellent and wonderful adornments, deeply believing and joyfully leaping. Immediately, in front of the Buddha, he abandoned his arrogant mind, threw his staff on the ground, joined his palms respectfully, prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, and said: 'World-Honored One (World-Honored One)! Now I know that the karmic retribution of good and evil deeds is true and not false. From today until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Buddha, the most honored among those with two feet; until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Dharma (Dharma, Buddhist teachings), the most honored among those free from desire; until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Sangha (Sangha, monastic community), the most honored among all assemblies. I observe the Eight Precepts of Uposatha (Eight Precepts of Uposatha), from this moment until sunrise tomorrow, during which time:' 'I will not harm any living being, I will not steal the property of others, I will not engage in sexual misconduct or false speech, places of intoxication and negligence, garlands and decorations, singing and dancing, high and large beds, and untimely food, I now completely abstain from all of these, observing the pure Eight Precepts.' The second and third days are also spoken of in the same way. The Buddha said to the Brahman: 'Excellent! Excellent! It should be done like this, it should be observed like this.' At that time, after the World-Honored One had spoken this Dharma, the Brahman, the Bhikkhu (Bhikkhu, ordained monks) assembly, and all the humans and devas (devas, gods), were all very happy, believing and practicing accordingly. The Sutra of Questions by the Long-nailed Brahman --------------------------------------------------------------------------------