Chinese
大正藏第 14 册 No. 0523 佛说五王经 No. 523 佛说五王经 失译人名今附东晋录 昔有五王，国界相近，共相往来，不相攻伐，唯作善友。 其最大者，字普安王，习菩萨行；余四小王，常习邪行。大王怜愍，意欲度之，呼来上殿，共相娱乐，乃至七日，终日竟夜，作倡伎乐。七日已满，四王共白大王言：“国事甚多，请还政治。” 大王语诸左右：“严驾车乘，群臣吏民都共送之。” 至其半道，大王怜愍，意欲度之，语四王言：“各说卿等所乐之事。” 一王言：“我愿欲得阳春三月树木荣华，游戏原野，是我所乐。” 一王复言：“我愿欲得常作国王，鞍马服饰，楼阁殿堂，官属人民围绕左右，晃晃昱昱，椎钟鸣鼓，出入行来，路人倾目，是我之乐。” 一王复言：“我所乐复异，愿得好妇、好儿，端正无双，共相娱乐，极情快意，是我之乐。” 一王复言：“我所乐复异，愿我父母常在，多有兄弟、妻子，罗列好衣美食，以恣其口，素琴清衣，共相娱乐，是我之乐。” 各自说其所乐竟，四王俱回头白其大王：“王所乐何事？” 大王答言：“我先说卿等所乐，然后说我之乐。卿一人言： 现代汉语译本 《佛说五王经》 译者失名，现附于东晋录。 过去有五个国王，他们的国家疆界相邻，互相往来，不互相攻打，只作为友善的朋友。 其中最大的国王，名叫普安王（Pu'an Wang），修习菩萨行；其余四个小国王，常常修习邪恶的行为。大王怜悯他们，想要度化他们，于是召他们上殿，一起互相娱乐，持续了七天，从早到晚，演奏音乐。七天结束后，四个国王一起禀告大王说：‘国家政事很多，请允许我们回去处理政务。’ 大王告诉左右侍从：‘准备好车驾，让群臣百姓都一起送他们。’ 走到半路时，大王怜悯他们，想要度化他们，对四个国王说：‘你们各自说说自己所喜欢的事情。’ 一个国王说：‘我希望在阳春三月，树木繁荣茂盛，在原野上游戏玩乐，这是我所喜欢的。’ 一个国王又说：‘我希望能够一直做国王，有华丽的鞍马服饰，高大的楼阁殿堂，官吏人民围绕在我的左右，光彩夺目，敲钟击鼓，出行往来时，路人都注目观看，这是我的快乐。’ 一个国王又说：‘我所喜欢的又不一样，希望有美丽的妻子、可爱的孩子，容貌端正无双，一起互相娱乐，尽情享受快乐，这是我的快乐。’ 一个国王又说：‘我所喜欢的又不一样，希望我的父母永远健在，有很多兄弟、妻子，陈列着华丽的衣服和美味的食物，来满足他们的口腹之欲，弹奏着素雅的琴，穿着清淡的衣服，一起互相娱乐，这是我的快乐。’ 各自说完自己所喜欢的事情后，四个国王一起回头问大王：‘大王您所喜欢的是什么事呢？’ 大王回答说：‘我先说说你们所喜欢的，然后再说我所喜欢的。你一个人说：
English
English version The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of the Five Kings Name of the translator lost; now appended to the Eastern Jin Record. In the past, there were five kings whose kingdoms bordered each other. They maintained friendly relations, refrained from attacking each other, and acted as benevolent friends. The greatest among them, named King Pu'an (普安王, King of Universal Peace), practiced the Bodhisattva path. The other four lesser kings often engaged in unwholesome practices. The great king, filled with compassion, desired to liberate them. He summoned them to the palace hall and entertained them for seven days, from morning till night, with music and performances. After the seven days, the four kings together said to the great king, 'Affairs of state are numerous; please allow us to return and govern.' The great king said to his attendants, 'Prepare the carriages and have the ministers and people escort them.' Halfway along the road, the great king, with compassion and a desire to liberate them, said to the four kings, 'Each of you, speak of what you find pleasurable.' One king said, 'I wish to have the flourishing trees and flowers of the third month of spring, and to play in the open fields; this is what I enjoy.' Another king said, 'I wish to always be a king, with ornamented saddles and horses, magnificent buildings and halls, surrounded by officials and people, shining brightly, striking bells and drums, and with people gazing upon me as I come and go; this is my pleasure.' Another king said, 'My pleasure is different. I wish to have a good wife and good children, of unparalleled beauty, with whom I can enjoy myself and fulfill my desires; this is my pleasure.' Another king said, 'My pleasure is different. I wish for my parents to always be alive, to have many brothers and a wife, to have fine clothes and delicious food displayed to satisfy their appetites, to play a simple zither and wear clean clothes, and to enjoy each other's company; this is my pleasure.' After each had spoken of their pleasures, the four kings turned to the great king and asked, 'What is your pleasure, O Great King?' The great king replied, 'I will first speak of your pleasures, and then I will speak of my own. One of you said: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
‘阳春三月树木荣华，游戏原野。’秋则凋落，非是久乐。 “卿一人言：‘愿我常作国王，鞍马服饰，楼阁殿堂，官属人民围绕左右，晃晃昱昱，椎钟鸣鼓，出入行来，路人倾目。’往古诸王，隐隐阗阗，快乐无极，福德转尽，诸国相伐，忽然崩亡，非是久乐。 “卿一人言：‘愿得好妇、好儿，端正无双，共相娱乐，极情快意。’一朝疾病，忧苦无量，非是久乐。 “卿一人言：‘愿我父母常在，多有兄弟、妻子，罗列好衣美食，以恣其口，素琴清衣，共相娱乐。’一朝有事，为官所执，系闭在狱，无有救护，此非久乐。” 四人俱问：“王乐何事？” 王言：“我乐不生不死，不苦不恼，不饥不渴，不寒不热，存亡自在，此是我乐。” 四王俱言：“此乐何处？当有明师？” 大王答言：“吾师号为佛，近在祇桓精舍。” 诸王欢喜，各诣佛所，皆稽首作礼，退坐一面。大王胡跪，叉手白佛言：“我等今得为人，钝闇无智，但深着世乐，不知罪福，愿佛为弟子等，说其苦谛。” 佛言：“卿等善听！当为汝说。人生在世，常有无量众苦切身，今粗为汝等略说八苦。何谓八苦？生苦、老苦、病苦、死苦、恩爱别苦、所求不得苦、怨憎会苦、忧悲恼苦，是 现代汉语译本：阳春三月，树木繁荣茂盛，人们在原野上嬉戏游乐，但到了秋天，树叶凋零飘落，这并不是长久的快乐。 有人说：‘我希望永远做国王，拥有华丽的鞍马服饰，高大的楼阁殿堂，众多的官属人民围绕在我的左右，光彩夺目，钟鼓齐鸣，出行时引人注目。’但过去的那些国王，虽然声势浩大，快乐无边，福德享尽之后，各国互相征伐，最终忽然崩亡，这并不是长久的快乐。 有人说：‘我希望得到美丽贤惠的妻子和聪明可爱的儿女，和他们一起享乐，尽情地享受快乐。’但一旦生病，就会有无尽的忧愁和痛苦，这并不是长久的快乐。 有人说：‘我希望我的父母永远健在，有很多兄弟姐妹和妻子儿女，摆满美味佳肴和华丽的衣服，让他们尽情享受，弹奏着素雅的琴，穿着清淡的衣服，一起娱乐。’但一旦发生变故，被官府抓捕，囚禁在监狱里，没有人能够救助，这也不是长久的快乐。’ 四位国王都问道：‘那大王您所乐的是什么呢？’ 大王回答说：‘我所乐的是没有生老病死，没有痛苦和烦恼，没有饥饿和干渴，没有寒冷和炎热，能够自由自在地决定自己的存亡，这就是我的快乐。’ 四位国王都说：‘这种快乐在哪里可以得到呢？应该有明师指点吧？’ 大王回答说：‘我的老师名为佛（Buddha，觉悟者），现在就在祇桓精舍（Jetavana Monastery）中。’ 各位国王听了都非常高兴，一起前往佛陀的住所，都向佛陀稽首作礼，然后退到一旁坐下。大王跪在地上，合掌对佛陀说：‘我们现在虽然得到了人身，但是愚钝无知，只沉迷于世俗的快乐，不知道什么是罪恶，什么是福报，希望佛陀能为我们这些弟子讲解苦谛（Dukkha Satya，关于苦的真理）。’ 佛陀说：‘你们好好听着！我将为你们讲解。人生在世，常常有无量无尽的痛苦缠绕着我们，现在我简单地为你们说一下八苦。什么是八苦呢？生苦、老苦、病苦、死苦、爱别离苦、怨憎会苦、所求不得苦、忧悲恼苦，这就是八苦。’
English
English version: In the flourishing third month of spring, trees are verdant and people play in the fields. But in autumn, they wither and fall, this is not lasting joy. One of you said: 'I wish to always be a king, with fine saddles and horses, clothing, towering pavilions and halls, officials and people surrounding me, shining brightly, with booming bells and drums, attracting attention wherever I go.' But the kings of the past, though grand and powerful, with boundless joy, exhausted their blessings, and their kingdoms were conquered, suddenly collapsing. This is not lasting joy. One of you said: 'I wish to have a good wife and good children, beautiful and unparalleled, to enjoy each other's company and indulge in pleasure.' But one day, illness strikes, bringing immeasurable sorrow and suffering. This is not lasting joy. One of you said: 'I wish my parents to always be alive, with many siblings and a wife and children, with an array of fine clothes and delicious food to satisfy their appetites, playing simple zithers and wearing plain clothes, enjoying each other's company.' But one day, trouble arises, and they are arrested by officials, imprisoned, with no one to rescue them. This is not lasting joy.' The four kings all asked: 'What then, does Your Majesty find joy in?' The great king replied: 'I find joy in not being subject to birth and death, not suffering pain and affliction, not experiencing hunger and thirst, not feeling cold and heat, being free to determine my own existence and demise. This is my joy.' The four kings all said: 'Where can this joy be found? Surely there must be a wise teacher?' The great king replied: 'My teacher is called Buddha (Buddha, the Awakened One), and he is currently at the Jetavana Monastery (Jetavana Monastery).' The kings were delighted and went to where the Buddha was, bowed their heads in reverence, and sat to one side. The great king knelt on one knee, clasped his hands, and said to the Buddha: 'We have now obtained human form, but we are dull and ignorant, only deeply attached to worldly pleasures, and do not know what is sin and what is merit. We beseech the Buddha to explain to us disciples the Truth of Suffering (Dukkha Satya, the Truth of Suffering).' The Buddha said: 'Listen carefully! I will explain it to you. In this life, people are constantly afflicted by countless sufferings. Now I will briefly explain the Eight Sufferings to you. What are the Eight Sufferings? They are: the suffering of birth, the suffering of old age, the suffering of sickness, the suffering of death, the suffering of separation from loved ones, the suffering of encountering those we hate, the suffering of not obtaining what we seek, and the suffering of sorrow and distress. These are the Eight Sufferings.' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 为八苦也。
Chinese
“何谓生苦？人死之时，不知精神趣向何道，未得生处，并受中阴之形，至三七日父母和合，便来受胎。一七日如薄酪；二七日如稠酪；三七日如凝酥；四七日如肉脔；五疱成就，巧风入腹，吹其身体；六情开张，在母腹中，生藏之下，熟藏之上。母啖一杯热食，灌其身体，如入镬汤；母饮一杯冷水，亦如寒冰切体；母饱之时，迫迮身体，痛不可言；母饥之时，腹中了了，亦如倒悬，受苦无量。至其满月，欲生之时，头向产门，剧如两石挟山；欲生之时，母危父怖，生堕草上，身体细软，草触其身，如履刀剑，忽然失声大呼。此是苦不？” 诸人咸言：“此是大苦。” “何谓老苦？父母养育，至年长大，自用强健，担轻负重，不自裁量，寒时极寒，热时极热，饥时极饥，饱时极饱，无有节度；渐至年老，头白齿落，目视𥆨𥆨，耳听不聪，盛去衰至，皮缓面皱，百节酸疼，行步苦极，坐起呻吟，忧悲心恼，识神转灭，便旋即忘，命日促尽，言之流涕，坐起须人。此是苦不？” 大王答曰：“实是大苦。” “何谓病苦？人有四大和合而成其身。何谓四大？地大、水大、火大、风大。一大不调，百一病生，四大不调，四百四病，同时俱作。地大不调，举身沉重；水大不调， 这是所谓的八苦。 ‘什么是生苦？人在死亡的时候，不知道精神将往何处去，还没有得到投生之处，便承受中阴身的状态，直到二十一日（三七日）父母行房，便来受胎。第一个七日，像稀薄的乳酪；第二个七日，像浓稠的乳酪；第三个七日，像凝固的酥油；第四个七日，像肉块；第五个七日，五种胞胎形成，巧风进入腹中，吹动身体；第六个七日，六根开始发育，在母亲的腹中，位于生藏之下，熟藏之上。母亲吃一杯热的食物，灌注身体，就像进入沸腾的锅中；母亲喝一杯冷水，也像寒冰切割身体；母亲吃饱的时候，挤压身体，痛苦难以言说；母亲饥饿的时候，腹中空空荡荡，也像倒挂着，承受无量的痛苦。等到足月，要生产的时候，头朝向产门，剧烈的痛苦就像两块石头夹着山；要生产的时候，母亲危险父亲恐惧，生下来掉在草上，身体细嫩柔软，草碰到身体，就像踩在刀剑上，忽然失声大哭。这是苦吗？’ 众人都说：‘这是大苦。’ ‘什么是老苦？父母养育，到年纪大了，自以为强壮，挑轻的担子背重的，不自我衡量，冷的时候极冷，热的时候极热，饿的时候极饿，饱的时候极饱，没有节制；渐渐到了老年，头发变白牙齿脱落，眼睛视物模糊，耳朵听力下降，强盛的时期过去衰败的时期到来，皮肤松弛面容起皱，浑身关节酸痛，行走艰难痛苦至极，坐下站起都需要人帮助，忧愁悲伤心烦意乱，意识精神逐渐消退，转眼就忘，寿命一天天减少，说起来就流眼泪，坐下站起需要别人扶持。这是苦吗？’ 大王回答说：‘确实是大苦。’ ‘什么是病苦？人的身体由四大（地、水、火、风）和合而成。什么是四大？地大（Dadi-dhatu）、水大（Apo-dhatu）、火大（Tejo-dhatu）、风大（Vayo-dhatu）。一大不调，就会产生一百零一种疾病，四大不调，就会同时产生四百零四种疾病。地大不调，全身沉重；水大不调，