Chinese
大正藏第 14 册 No. 0486 师子庄严王菩萨请问经 No. 486 师子庄严王菩萨请问经序 终南山丰德寺律师道宣撰 观夫法王利见，权巧殊途，或声光动人、或开智摄物，立仪列相兴像，设之机缘，聚砂涂香表乘，时之净养。斯德有归，可略言也。有师子庄严王菩萨者，学周八藏、智越五乘，藉胜报而开教端，寄善权而行图范。故使方坛外启、圆场内罗，列八座而延八圣，陈四报而成四德。空有两业自此修明，大小诸乘因兹增长，可谓总摄六度之玄略，统陈愿行之明规。其道易而可修，其仪约而难隐。智有通塞，道涉窊隆。时运所归，近闻东夏。逮龙朔三年冬十月，有天竺三藏厥号那提，挟道开萌来游天府。皇上重法，降礼真人，厚供骈罗，祈诚甘露。南海诸蕃，远陈贡职，备述神药，惟提能致。具表上闻，霈然下遣，将事道途，出斯奥典。文旨既显，冀由来之所传，道场不昧，起机缘之净业。辄以所闻序之。云尔。 师子庄严王菩萨请问经 大唐中印度三藏那提译 如是我闻： 一时佛在王舍城耆阇崛山中，与大比丘众千二百五十人俱，菩萨摩诃萨五百人，天、龙、夜叉、乾闼婆、阿修罗、迦楼罗、紧那罗、摩睺罗伽、人非人等，无 量八部前后围绕听佛说法。 尔时众中有菩萨摩诃萨，名师子庄严王，从座而起来诣佛所，顶礼双足绕无数匝，而白佛言：“世尊！我于过去亿百千那由他诸佛所广预大会，然未曾睹如今所见。欲有请问，唯愿听许。” 佛言：“随汝所问，当为解说。” 尔时师子庄严王菩萨白佛言：“世尊！如来往昔修何胜行，今获如是人天中尊，为诸菩萨大声闻众天龙八部之所围绕，供养恭敬尊重赞叹？愿为演说往昔因缘，令诸众生获大善利。” 佛告师子庄严王菩萨摩诃萨言：“善哉善哉！汝今乃能安乐众生故作是问。谛听谛听！善思念之。当为汝说。善男子！我忆过去无量世时，有佛出兴，名不可思议光明如来、应供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。时有长者名曰上施，自恃豪富不信正法，而于佛所无归敬心。有一比丘名毗阇耶三皤(蒱我反)婆，见是长者生怜愍心，起大方便，要令此人发心修行得成正觉。作是念已，往长者家。尔时上施睹见比丘，颜貌殊胜威德备足，诸根寂定容光炽盛，肃然敬重即起奉迎。顶礼既讫设座令坐，合掌白言：‘自顾薄德，忽蒙临降。’ “尔时比丘告长者曰：‘有大法门，名八曼茶罗，功德无量。今为汝说，广欲慧 天龙八部（佛教护法神）前后围绕，听闻佛陀说法。 这时，大众中有一位菩萨摩诃萨（ महानसत्त्व，伟大的菩萨），名叫师子庄严王，从座位上站起来，来到佛陀面前，顶礼佛足，绕佛无数圈，然后对佛说：‘世尊！我过去在亿百千那由他（नयुत，数量单位）诸佛处广泛参与法会，但从未见过像今天这样的景象。我有些问题想请教，希望您能允许。’ 佛陀说：‘随你发问，我将为你解答。’ 这时，师子庄严王菩萨对佛说：‘世尊！如来（तथागत，佛的称号之一）往昔修习了何种殊胜的修行，如今才能获得如此人天中至尊的地位，被诸菩萨、大声闻众（श्रवक，听闻佛陀教诲的弟子）以及天龙八部所围绕，接受他们的供养、恭敬、尊重和赞叹？希望您能为我们演说往昔的因缘，使一切众生获得巨大的利益。’ 佛陀告诉师子庄严王菩萨摩诃萨说：‘很好，很好！你现在能够为了安乐众生而提出这样的问题。仔细听，仔细听！好好思考。我将为你讲述。善男子！我回忆过去无量世时，有一佛出世，名为不可思议光明如来（तथागत，佛的称号之一）、应供（अर्हत，值得供养者）、正遍知（सम्यक्सम्बुद्ध，完全觉悟者）、明行足（विद्याचरणसम्पन्न，具有智慧和德行者）、善逝（सुगत，善于去者）、世间解（लोकविद्，了解世间者）、无上士（अनुत्तर，无与伦比者）、调御丈夫（पुरुषदम्यसारथि，调伏众生者）、天人师（शास्ता देवमनुष्याणाम्，天人和人类的导师）、佛（बुद्ध，觉悟者）、世尊（भगवान्，世间尊贵者）。当时有一位长者，名叫上施，仗恃自己豪富，不相信正法，对佛陀没有归敬之心。有一位比丘（भिक्षु，出家修行的僧人），名叫毗阇耶三皤婆，看到这位长者，生起怜悯之心，发起大方便，想要让这个人发心修行，最终成就正觉。这样想着，就前往长者家。当时，上施看到这位比丘，颜貌殊胜，威德具足，诸根寂定，容光炽盛，肃然起敬，立即起身迎接。顶礼完毕后，设置座位请他坐下，合掌说道：‘我自知德行浅薄，没想到您会光临。’ ‘这时，比丘告诉长者说：‘有一种大法门，名叫八曼茶罗（मण्डल，坛场），功德无量。现在我为你讲述，广泛地开启你的智慧。’
English
The eight classes of gods and dragons (devas and nāgas) surrounded the Buddha, listening to his teachings. At that time, among the assembly was a Bodhisattva-Mahasattva (महानसत्त्व, great being), named Simhavyūharāja (师子庄严王, King adorned with lions), who rose from his seat, approached the Buddha, prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, circumambulated him countless times, and said to the Buddha: 'World Honored One! In the past, I have widely participated in assemblies at the places of billions of nayutas (नयुत, a unit of measurement) of Buddhas, but I have never seen anything like what I see today. I have some questions to ask, and I hope you will allow me.' The Buddha said: 'Ask whatever you wish, and I will explain it to you.' Then, the Bodhisattva Simhavyūharāja said to the Buddha: 'World Honored One! What superior practices did the Tathagata (तथागत, 'Thus Gone One', an epithet of the Buddha) cultivate in the past to attain such a supreme position among humans and gods, being surrounded by Bodhisattvas, great Shravakas (श्रवक, disciples who hear the Buddha's teachings), and the eight classes of gods and dragons, receiving their offerings, reverence, respect, and praise? I hope you can explain the past causes and conditions, so that all beings may obtain great benefits.' The Buddha said to the Bodhisattva-Mahasattva Simhavyūharāja: 'Excellent, excellent! You are now able to ask this question for the sake of bringing peace and happiness to sentient beings. Listen carefully! Listen carefully! Think about it well. I will tell you. Good man! I remember in the past, countless ages ago, a Buddha appeared in the world, named Inconceivable Light Tathagata (तथागत, 'Thus Gone One', an epithet of the Buddha), Arhat (अर्हत, worthy of offerings), Samyaksambuddha (सम्यक्सम्बुद्ध, perfectly enlightened one), Vidyācaranasampanna (विद्याचरणसम्पन्न, endowed with wisdom and conduct), Sugata (सुगत, well-gone), Lokavid (लोकविद्, knower of the world), Anuttara (अनुत्तर, unsurpassed), Purusadamyasarathi (पुरुषदम्यसारथि, tamer of men), Shasta Devamanushyanam (शास्ता देवमनुष्याणाम्, teacher of gods and humans), Buddha (बुद्ध, enlightened one), Bhagavan (भगवान्, World Honored One). At that time, there was a wealthy man named Uttara-dāna (上施, Supreme Giving), who, relying on his wealth, did not believe in the true Dharma and had no reverence for the Buddha. There was a Bhikshu (भिक्षु, a Buddhist monk) named Vijayasambhava (毗阇耶三皤婆), who, seeing this wealthy man, felt compassion for him and devised a great expedient to inspire him to practice and ultimately attain perfect enlightenment. With this thought, he went to the wealthy man's house. At that time, Uttara-dāna saw the Bhikshu, whose appearance was extraordinary, whose virtue was complete, whose senses were tranquil, and whose countenance was radiant. He respectfully rose to greet him. After prostrating himself, he offered a seat and invited him to sit, saying with folded hands: 'I am aware of my meager virtue, yet I am honored by your presence.' 'Then, the Bhikshu said to the wealthy man: 'There is a great Dharma gate called the Eight Mandalas (मण्डल, sacred circles), whose merits are immeasurable. Now I will explain it to you, to broadly open your wisdom.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
利诸天人故。若有众生闻此法门能修行者，在所生处获四胜报：一者、与善知识诸大菩萨同处受生，有大眷属，资财丰足；二者、眷属既多自在无碍；三者、身相圆备无有疾病；四者、众具自然随念而至，纵被山压身无痛苦，能知众生心之所念，慈悲怜愍将护拯济。’ “尔时上施闻是法已，欢喜踊跃重加顶礼，赞言：‘善哉！愿为广说八曼茶罗最胜法门，我当修学。’ “比丘告曰：‘汝欲知此最胜法者，先发是愿：“我欲供养三世诸佛、大菩萨众、声闻、缘觉。”作是语已，道场之处当作方坛，名曼茶罗。广狭随时，其最小者纵广四指、或一搩手，用种种香及以余物，或地上作。方院之内列八圆场，为欲供养八菩萨故。何等为八？观世音菩萨、弥勒菩萨、虚空藏菩萨、普贤菩萨、执金刚主菩萨、文殊师利菩萨、止诸障菩萨、地藏菩萨。如是，长者！此八曼茶罗最胜法门，是彼不可思议光明如来所说，我亲受持，今为汝说，应当修学广令流布；用此善根，回向阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。 “‘长者当知，若有修行此八法者，则为供养三世诸佛、大菩萨众、缘觉、声闻；斯人常为诸天拥护。若诸国王能自修学、若使人作，使王国内诸恶皆灭。诸善男子及善女人，有能修学八法门者，命终之后不堕恶趣、 现代汉语译本：为了利益诸天和世人。如果有些众生听闻此法门并且能够修行，那么在他们所投生的地方会获得四种殊胜的果报：第一，能够与善知识、诸大菩萨同处受生，拥有庞大的眷属，资财丰足；第二，眷属众多，自在无碍；第三，身相圆满，没有疾病；第四，各种生活用具自然而然地随着意念而至，即使被山压住身体也没有痛苦，能够知道众生心中所想，以慈悲之心怜悯、保护和拯救他们。 当时，上施听闻了这个法门之后，欢喜踊跃，再次顶礼，赞叹说：‘太好了！希望您能为我详细解说八曼茶罗（mandala，坛城）最殊胜的法门，我一定会认真修学。’ 比丘告诉他说：‘你如果想知道这个最殊胜的法门，首先要发起这样的愿望：“我想要供养三世诸佛、大菩萨众、声闻、缘觉。”说完这句话后，在道场之处设置一个方形的坛，就叫做曼茶罗（mandala，坛城）。大小可以根据情况而定，最小的纵横四指宽，或者一拃长，用各种香和其它物品，或者直接在地上制作。在方形的区域内排列八个圆形场地，这是为了供养八位菩萨。这八位菩萨是哪些呢？观世音菩萨（Avalokiteśvara）、弥勒菩萨（Maitreya）、虚空藏菩萨（Ākāśagarbha）、普贤菩萨（Samantabhadra）、执金刚主菩萨（Vajrapāṇi）、文殊师利菩萨（Mañjuśrī）、止诸障菩萨、地藏菩萨（Kṣitigarbha）。长者！这八曼茶罗（mandala，坛城）最殊胜的法门，是彼不可思议光明如来所说，我亲自接受并持守，现在为你解说，你应该认真修学并广泛传播；用这个善根，回向阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi，无上正等正觉）。’ ‘长者你应该知道，如果有人修行这八种法，就等于供养了三世诸佛、大菩萨众、缘觉、声闻；这个人常常会受到诸天的拥护。如果各位国王能够亲自修学，或者让人代为制作，就能使王国内的各种罪恶都消灭。各位善男子和善女人，如果能够修学这八法门，命终之后就不会堕入恶趣、’
English
English version: For the benefit of all gods and humans. If there are beings who hear this Dharma gate and are able to practice it, they will obtain four excellent rewards in the places where they are born: First, they will be born in the same place as good spiritual friends and great Bodhisattvas, having a large retinue and abundant wealth; second, with a large retinue, they will be free and unhindered; third, their physical appearance will be complete and without illness; fourth, all necessities will naturally come to them as they think of them, and even if they are crushed by a mountain, they will not suffer pain, and they will be able to know the thoughts of all beings, and with compassion, they will protect and save them.' At that time, Upada (Upada, the giver) heard this Dharma and rejoiced, leaping with joy, and bowed again, praising, 'Excellent! I wish you would explain in detail the most excellent Dharma gate of the Eight Mandalas (mandala, sacred circle), and I will practice it diligently.' The Bhikshu (Bhikshu, monk) said, 'If you wish to know this most excellent Dharma, you must first make this vow: "I wish to make offerings to all Buddhas of the three times, the great Bodhisattvas, Śrāvakas (Śrāvaka, Hearers), and Pratyekabuddhas (Pratyekabuddha, Solitary Buddhas)." After saying these words, set up a square altar in the place of practice, which is called a Mandala (mandala, sacred circle). The size can be adjusted according to circumstances, but the smallest should be four fingers wide or one span long, using various incenses and other items, or made directly on the ground. Within the square area, arrange eight circular fields, for the purpose of making offerings to the eight Bodhisattvas. Who are these eight? Avalokiteśvara (Avalokiteśvara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion), Maitreya (Maitreya, the future Buddha), Ākāśagarbha (Ākāśagarbha, the Bodhisattva of Space Treasury), Samantabhadra (Samantabhadra, the Bodhisattva of Universal Virtue), Vajrapāṇi (Vajrapāṇi, the Bodhisattva holding the Vajra), Mañjuśrī (Mañjuśrī, the Bodhisattva of Wisdom), the Bodhisattva who Stops All Obstacles, and Kṣitigarbha (Kṣitigarbha, the Bodhisattva of the Earth Womb). O Long One! This most excellent Dharma gate of the Eight Mandalas (mandala, sacred circle) was spoken by the Inconceivable Light Tathagata (Tathagata, Thus Come One), and I have personally received and upheld it. Now I will explain it to you, and you should diligently practice and widely spread it; use this merit to dedicate it to Anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi (anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi, unsurpassed perfect enlightenment).' 'O Long One, you should know that if someone practices these eight Dharmas, it is equivalent to making offerings to all Buddhas of the three times, the great Bodhisattvas, Pratyekabuddhas (Pratyekabuddha, Solitary Buddhas), and Śrāvakas (Śrāvaka, Hearers); this person will always be protected by the gods. If kings can personally practice it, or have others do it for them, they can eliminate all evils within their kingdoms. If good men and good women are able to practice these eight Dharmas, they will not fall into evil realms after death,' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
边地、邪见、不善律仪、贫穷家生。是故当知，欲得现在未来胜上报者，当学如上八种法门；欲得受身端正聪明利智，若欲上生四天王处，亦应修学八曼茶罗。如是欲生三十三天、夜摩天、兜率陀天、化乐天、他化自在天，乃至帝释、梵王、魔王、转轮圣王所生处者，皆当修学如上八法。欲得天上人中大姓家生，眷属成就财宝盈溢，身心安乐名称远闻，所出教命无不信受，于诸众中最尊最胜，皆应修学如上八法。若欲修成须陀洹果、斯陀含果、阿那含果、阿罗汉果、辟支佛道、入菩萨位，乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提，皆当修学八曼茶罗供养法门。’” 佛告师子庄严王菩萨摩诃萨言：“尔时比丘毗阇耶三皤婆者，岂异人乎？今文殊师利菩萨是。尔时长者上施者，即我释迦牟尼佛是。我从是来经于多劫，修行供养此八法门，具获如上功德利益；余有众生随能修学，亦皆同获如我所得。善男子！我行菩萨道来经三阿僧祇劫，修满六度利益众生，成等正觉，所有光明威德势力破魔兵众。斯谁力乎？皆由供养八曼茶罗道场功德。是故众生闻说如上八种法门，无宜不学。若以华香灯明，若以饮食幡盖、衣服音乐，赞叹礼拜发愿忏悔，随其力能皆蒙福祐。或行六波罗蜜时，修立道场，以诸香水若香涂地，若水若土作方圆坛，斯 现代汉语译本：边地（指边远地区）、邪见（错误的见解）、不善律仪（不好的行为规范）、贫穷家生（出生在贫困家庭）。因此应当知道，想要获得现在和未来殊胜的果报，应当学习如上的八种法门；想要获得相貌端正、聪明利智的身体，如果想要往生到四天王处，也应当修学八曼茶罗（八种供养）的法门。像这样，想要往生到三十三天、夜摩天、兜率陀天、化乐天、他化自在天，乃至帝释（天帝）、梵王（色界天王）、魔王（欲界之主）、转轮圣王（统治世界的君主）所出生的地方，都应当修学如上的八种法门。想要在天上或人间出生于豪门大姓之家，眷属圆满，财宝充盈，身心安乐，名声远扬，所发布的教令没有不被信奉接受的，在所有人群中最为尊贵和殊胜，都应当修学如上的八种法门。如果想要修成须陀洹果（入流果）、斯陀含果（一来果）、阿那含果（不还果）、阿罗汉果（无学果），辟支佛道（缘觉乘），进入菩萨的位次，乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（无上正等正觉），都应当修学八曼茶罗供养的法门。' 佛告诉师子庄严王菩萨摩诃萨说：‘那时比丘毗阇耶三皤婆，难道是别人吗？就是现在的文殊师利菩萨。那时长者上施者，就是我释迦牟尼佛。我从那时以来经过了许多劫，修行供养这八种法门，完全获得了如上的功德利益；其余的众生如果能够随力修学，也都会同样获得像我所得到的功德。善男子！我行菩萨道以来经过了三大阿僧祇劫，修满了六度（布施、持戒、忍辱、精进、禅定、智慧）来利益众生，成就了等正觉，所有光明威德势力能够摧破魔王的军队。这是谁的力量呢？都是由于供养八曼茶罗道场的功德。因此众生听闻了如上的八种法门，没有不应该学习的。如果用鲜花、香、灯、光明，或者用饮食、幡盖、衣服、音乐，赞叹、礼拜、发愿、忏悔，随着自己的能力都能够蒙受福佑。或者在修行六波罗蜜的时候，修建立道场，用各种香水或者香涂抹地面，或者用水或者土制作方形或圆形的坛，这些……’