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大正藏第 14 册 No. 0426 佛说千佛因缘经 No. 426 佛说千佛因缘经 后秦龟兹国三藏鸠摩罗什译 如是我闻： 一时，佛在王舍城耆阇崛山中，与大比丘众五千人俱，其名曰：尊者阿若憍陈如、尊者优楼频蠡迦叶、尊者伽耶迦叶、尊者那提迦叶、尊者摩诃迦叶、尊者舍利弗、尊者大目犍连、尊者迦栴延、尊者阿那律、尊者阿难等，皆大阿罗汉而众所知识，如调象王，所作已办，三明、六通，具八解脱。菩萨摩诃萨八万四千人，梵德菩萨、净行菩萨、无边行菩萨而为上首；跋陀波罗，应与无边俱为上首也，他方月音菩萨、月藏菩萨、妙音菩萨而为上首；如是等诸大菩萨，皆久修梵行，安隐清净，住首楞严三昧，皆悉具足八万四千诸波罗蜜，于娑婆世界及十方国，示现作佛，转妙法轮，现般涅槃，于耆阇崛山升仙讲堂，皆师子吼。是诸菩萨摩诃萨等，各各自说过去因缘，如是音声遍满三千大千世界。天龙、夜叉、乾闼婆、阿修罗、迦楼罗、紧那罗、摩睺罗伽、人非人等，一切大众皆悉集会。 尔时，世尊从石室出，问阿难言：“今诸声闻、诸菩萨等，皆何讲论？” 阿难白佛言：“世尊！诸菩萨众，各各自说宿世因缘。” 尔时，世尊 现代汉语译本 如是我闻： 一时，佛陀在王舍城（Rājagṛha）的耆阇崛山（Gṛdhrakūṭa）中，与五千位大比丘众在一起。他们的名字是：尊者阿若憍陈如（Ajñāta Kauṇḍinya）、尊者优楼频蠡迦叶（Uruvilvā Kāśyapa）、尊者伽耶迦叶（Gayā Kāśyapa）、尊者那提迦叶（Nadī Kāśyapa）、尊者摩诃迦叶（Mahā Kāśyapa）、尊者舍利弗（Śāriputra）、尊者大目犍连（Mahāmaudgalyāyana）、尊者迦旃延（Kātyāyana）、尊者阿那律（Aniruddha）、尊者阿难（Ānanda）等，他们都是大阿罗汉，为众人所熟知，如同调伏的大象王，所作已办，具足三明、六通、八解脱。还有八万四千位菩萨摩诃萨，以梵德菩萨（Brahmadeva Bodhisattva）、净行菩萨（Śuddhacāra Bodhisattva）、无边行菩萨（Anantacāra Bodhisattva）为首；跋陀波罗（Bhadrapāla），也应与无边行菩萨一起为首；还有他方世界的月音菩萨（Candraśvara Bodhisattva）、月藏菩萨（Candragarbha Bodhisattva）、妙音菩萨（Madhurasvara Bodhisattva）为首；这些大菩萨都长期修行梵行，安稳清净，安住于首楞严三昧（Śūraṃgama Samādhi），都具足八万四千种波罗蜜（Pāramitā），在娑婆世界（Sahā）和十方国土，示现成佛，转妙法轮，示现般涅槃，在耆阇崛山的升仙讲堂，都发出狮子吼。这些菩萨摩诃萨各自讲述过去世的因缘，这样的声音遍满三千大千世界。天龙（Nāga）、夜叉（Yakṣa）、乾闼婆（Gandharva）、阿修罗（Asura）、迦楼罗（Garuḍa）、紧那罗（Kiṃnara）、摩睺罗伽（Mahoraga）、人非人等一切大众都感到欢喜。 那时，世尊从石室出来，问阿难说：‘现在这些声闻和菩萨们，都在讲论什么呢？’ 阿难回答佛陀说：‘世尊！这些菩萨众，各自在讲述他们过去世的因缘。’ 这时，世尊
English
English version Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was in Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa in Rājagṛha, together with a great assembly of five thousand Bhikṣus. Their names were: Venerable Ajñāta Kauṇḍinya, Venerable Uruvilvā Kāśyapa, Venerable Gayā Kāśyapa, Venerable Nadī Kāśyapa, Venerable Mahā Kāśyapa, Venerable Śāriputra, Venerable Mahāmaudgalyāyana, Venerable Kātyāyana, Venerable Aniruddha, Venerable Ānanda, and others. They were all great Arhats, known by the multitude, like tamed elephant kings, having accomplished what needed to be done, possessing the three kinds of knowledge, the six supernormal powers, and the eight liberations. There were also eighty-four thousand Bodhisattva Mahāsattvas, with Brahmadeva Bodhisattva, Śuddhacāra Bodhisattva, and Anantacāra Bodhisattva as their leaders; Bhadrapāla should also be a leader together with Anantacāra; and from other worlds, Candraśvara Bodhisattva, Candragarbha Bodhisattva, and Madhurasvara Bodhisattva as their leaders. These great Bodhisattvas had all practiced pure conduct for a long time, were peaceful and pure, abiding in the Śūraṃgama Samādhi, and all possessed the eighty-four thousand Pāramitās. In the Sahā world and the ten directions, they manifested as Buddhas, turned the wonderful Dharma wheel, and manifested Parinirvāṇa. In the Immortal Lecture Hall of Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa, they all roared like lions. These Bodhisattva Mahāsattvas each spoke of their past causes and conditions, and their voices filled the three thousand great thousand worlds. Gods, Nāgas, Yakṣas, Gandharvas, Asuras, Garuḍas, Kiṃnaras, Mahoragas, humans, and non-humans, all the great assembly were delighted. At that time, the World Honored One came out of the stone chamber and asked Ānanda, 'What are these Śrāvakas and Bodhisattvas discussing now?' Ānanda replied to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! These Bodhisattva assemblies are each speaking of their past causes and conditions.' At that time, the World Honored One --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
安庠徐步如大龙象，披僧伽梨入大众中，告诸菩萨言：“汝等今者，各说何义？”其大音声遍满世界。 跋陀波罗菩萨即从坐起，自为世尊敷师子座，头面礼足，请佛就坐，白佛言：“世尊！我于今日欲少咨问，唯愿世尊，为我解说。” 说是语时，八万四千诸菩萨等，各脱璎珞散佛供养，所散璎珞住佛顶上，如须弥山严显可观，有千化佛坐山窟中。 时，诸菩萨顶礼佛足，异口同音白佛言：“世尊！世尊与贤劫千佛，过去世时种何功德？修何道行？常生一处、同共一家，于一劫中，次第当得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提，化度浊恶诸众生等，令其坚发三种清净菩提之心。愿为我等，及未来世诸众生故，当广分别贤劫千菩萨过去世时，诸波罗蜜本事果报。” 尔时，世尊告诸菩萨言：“谛听！谛听！善思念之！吾当为汝分别广说。 “跋陀波罗！汝今当知，乃往过去无量、无数百千万亿阿僧祇劫，复过是数，尔时，此娑婆世界名大庄严，劫名大宝。有佛世尊，名宝灯焰王如来、应供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊，出现于世。 “彼佛世尊出现世时，亦以三乘教化众生，佛寿半劫，正法化世住于一劫，像法化世住于二劫。于像法中有一大王，名 现代汉语译本 安详地迈着步伐，如同大龙象一般，披着僧伽梨（僧侣的袈裟）进入大众之中，告诉诸位菩萨说：‘你们现在，各自说说领悟了什么道理？’他的洪亮声音响彻整个世界。 跋陀波罗（贤护）菩萨随即从座位上起身，亲自为世尊铺设狮子座，头面顶礼佛足，请佛就座，禀告佛说：‘世尊！我今天想稍微请教一些问题，只希望世尊，为我解说。’ 说这番话时，八万四千位菩萨等，各自脱下身上的璎珞（装饰项链）散在空中供养佛，所散的璎珞停留在佛的头顶上，如同须弥山（佛教中的圣山）一般庄严显眼，有千尊化佛坐在山洞之中。 这时，诸位菩萨顶礼佛足，异口同声地禀告佛说：‘世尊！世尊与贤劫（我们所处的这个时代）的千佛，在过去世时种下了什么功德？修行了什么道行？常常出生在同一个地方、共同生活在一个家庭，在一个劫中，依次将要证得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（无上正等正觉），教化度脱污浊恶劣的众生等，使他们坚定地发起三种清净的菩提之心。希望为了我们，以及未来世的众生，详细地分别解说贤劫千位菩萨在过去世时，修持诸波罗蜜（到达彼岸的方法）的因缘和果报。’ 这时，世尊告诉诸位菩萨说：‘仔细听！仔细听！好好地思考！我将为你们分别详细解说。’ ‘跋陀波罗（贤护）！你现在应当知道，在过去无量、无数百千万亿阿僧祇劫（极长的时间单位），还要超过这个数目，那时，这个娑婆世界（我们所居住的世界）名为大庄严，劫名为大宝。有一位佛世尊，名为宝灯焰王如来（佛的十个称号之一）、应供（值得供养）、正遍知（完全觉悟）、明行足（智慧和行为圆满）、善逝（善于到达涅槃）、世间解（了解世间一切）、无上士（无上的人）、调御丈夫（调伏众生的人）、天人师（天人和人类的导师）、佛、世尊，出现在世上。 ‘那位佛世尊出现在世上时，也用三乘（声闻乘、缘觉乘、菩萨乘）教化众生，佛的寿命是半劫，正法教化世间住世一劫，像法教化世间住世二劫。在像法时期，有一位大王，名叫
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English version He walked serenely, like a great dragon elephant, draped in his sanghati (monk's robe), and entered the assembly, saying to the Bodhisattvas, 'Now, each of you, speak of what meaning you have understood?' His great voice filled the world. Bodhisattva Bhadrapala (Guardian of Virtue) then rose from his seat, personally arranged a lion's seat for the World Honored One, bowed his head to the Buddha's feet, invited the Buddha to sit, and said to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! Today I wish to ask a few questions, I only hope that the World Honored One will explain them for me.' As he spoke these words, eighty-four thousand Bodhisattvas, each took off their necklaces and scattered them in offering to the Buddha. The scattered necklaces remained above the Buddha's head, like Mount Sumeru (a sacred mountain in Buddhism), majestic and visible, with a thousand manifested Buddhas sitting in the mountain caves. At this time, the Bodhisattvas bowed at the Buddha's feet, and in unison said to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! What merits did the World Honored One and the thousand Buddhas of the Bhadrakalpa (the current eon) cultivate in past lives? What practices did they undertake? They are always born in the same place, living together in the same family, and in one kalpa (eon), they will successively attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi (supreme enlightenment), and teach and liberate the defiled and evil beings, causing them to firmly generate the three pure Bodhi minds. We hope that for our sake, and for the sake of all beings in future lives, you will explain in detail the causes and effects of the Paramitas (perfections) practiced by the thousand Bodhisattvas of the Bhadrakalpa in their past lives.' At that time, the World Honored One said to the Bodhisattvas, 'Listen carefully! Listen carefully! Think well! I will explain it to you in detail.' 'Bhadrapala (Guardian of Virtue)! You should know now, that in the past, immeasurable, countless hundreds of thousands of millions of Asankhyeya kalpas (extremely long periods of time), and even beyond that number, at that time, this Saha world (the world we live in) was called Great Adornment, and the kalpa was called Great Treasure. There was a Buddha World Honored One, named Jewel Lamp Flame King Tathagata (one of the ten titles of a Buddha), Arhat (worthy of offerings), Samyak-sambuddha (perfectly enlightened), Vidyacharana-sampanna (perfect in wisdom and conduct), Sugata (well-gone), Lokavid (knower of the world), Anuttara (unsurpassed), Purushadamyasarathi (tamer of men), Shastha Devamanushyanam (teacher of gods and men), Buddha, World Honored One, appeared in the world. 'When that Buddha World Honored One appeared in the world, he also taught beings with the three vehicles (Shravakayana, Pratyekabuddhayana, Bodhisattvayana), the Buddha's lifespan was half a kalpa, the Dharma (teachings) lasted for one kalpa, and the semblance Dharma lasted for two kalpas. During the semblance Dharma period, there was a great king named' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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曰光德，十善化民，国土安乐，如转轮王。 “尔时，大王教诸人民诵毗陀论。时学堂中有千童子，年各十五，聪敏多知，闻诸比丘赞佛、法、僧。 “有一童子名莲华德，白善称比丘言：‘云何名佛？云何名法？云何名僧？’ “比丘偈答言： “‘波罗蜜满足， 净性觉智慧， 胜心得成就， 故号名为佛。 无染性清净， 永离于世间， 不观世五阴， 常住名为法。 身心常无为， 永离四种食， 为世良福田， 故称比丘僧。’ “时，千童子闻三宝名，各持香华随从比丘，行诣僧房，入塔礼拜，见佛色像，彼像身量高六十二那由他由旬，八万四千诸相好门皆悉具足。 “时，千童子见佛像已，白比丘言：‘如此胜人大无上士，过去世时修何功德？乃得如是无上胜相。’ “比丘答言：‘善男子！汝今谛听！佛世尊者，过去修行八万四千诸波罗蜜，亦复修习三十七品助菩提法，故得如此端严之身。如来身者，不但有此八万四千诸相好门，亦有十力、四无所畏、十八不共、大悲、三念处、三明、六通、八解脱等。’ “时，千童子闻于比丘赞叹佛已，五体投地，即于像前发弘誓愿：‘我等今者，各各应发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提 现代汉语译本 日光德（国王名），以十善教化民众，使国家安乐，如同转轮圣王。 当时，大王教导人民诵读《毗陀论》（古印度经典）。当时学堂里有一千个童子，年龄都是十五岁，聪明且知识渊博，听闻众比丘赞叹佛、法、僧。 其中有一个童子名叫莲华德，他问善称比丘：‘什么是佛？什么是法？什么是僧？’ 比丘用偈语回答说： ‘波罗蜜（到达彼岸的方法）圆满， 清净的觉悟智慧， 殊胜的心得以成就， 所以称为佛。 无染的本性清净， 永远脱离世间， 不执着于世间的五蕴（色、受、想、行、识）， 常住不变名为法。 身心常常无为（不造作）， 永远脱离四种食（段食、触食、思食、识食）， 是世间的良田福地， 所以称为比丘僧。’ 当时，一千个童子听闻三宝（佛、法、僧）的名号，各自拿着香和花跟随比丘，前往僧房，进入佛塔礼拜，看见佛的色身像，那佛像的身量高六十二那由他由旬（古印度长度单位），八万四千种相好之门都完全具备。 当时，一千个童子看见佛像后，问比丘说：‘如此殊胜伟大、无上的人，过去世时修了什么功德？才能得到如此无上的殊胜相貌。’ 比丘回答说：‘善男子！你们仔细听！佛世尊，过去修行了八万四千种波罗蜜，也修习了三十七品助菩提法（帮助达到觉悟的修行方法），所以才得到如此端正庄严的身体。如来的身体，不仅有这八万四千种相好之门，还有十力（如来十种智慧力量）、四无所畏（如来四种无所畏惧的自信）、十八不共法（佛独有的十八种功德）、大悲心、三念处（身、受、心）、三明（宿命明、天眼明、漏尽明）、六通（天眼通、天耳通、他心通、宿命通、神足通、漏尽通）、八解脱等。’ 当时，一千个童子听闻比丘赞叹佛后，五体投地，就在佛像前发下宏大的誓愿：‘我们现在，各自应当发起阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（无上正等正觉）的心。’