Chinese
大正藏第 12 册 No. 0343 佛说太子刷护经 No. 343 [Nos. 310(37), 344] 佛说太子刷护经一卷 西晋三藏竺法护译 佛在罗阅祇耆阇崛山中时，与千二百比丘，菩萨万二千人，优婆塞、优婆夷，诸天王梵释，及无央数人民、鬼神、龙皆来俱会。阿阇世王太子，名为刷护，从国中与群臣长者子五百人，各持黄金华盖，出罗阅国相随出至佛所，持黄金华盖上佛已，却叉手持，头面着地为佛作礼讫竟，皆叉手住。 阿阇世王太子刷护白佛言：“愿欲问事，如佛肯说者当问，不肯者不敢问。” 佛言：“在所问事。” 太子白佛言：“菩萨何因缘得颜颊端正？何因缘不入女人腹中，于莲华中化生？何因缘能自知前世宿命之事？愿佛大恩当为我曹说之。” 佛告太子：“能忍辱不怒者，后生即为人姝好；不淫泆，不与女人交通，若寿欲终时，人生一岁一月及七日者，后世生，便自知宿命无数世以来之事。” 太子白佛言：“菩萨何因缘，身有三十二相？何因缘有八十种好？何因缘人民有见佛身者视之无厌极？” 佛告太子：“本为菩萨时，好喜布施种种杂物，与诸佛菩萨及师父母人民，在所来索，用是故得 现代汉语译本 佛陀在罗阅祇（Rājagṛha，王舍城）的耆阇崛山（Gṛdhrakūṭa，灵鹫山）中时，与一千二百位比丘（bhikṣu，佛教出家男众）、一万二千位菩萨（bodhisattva，发愿成佛的修行者），以及优婆塞（upāsaka，在家男居士）、优婆夷（upāsikā，在家女居士），诸天王、梵释（梵天和帝释天），以及无数的人民、鬼神、龙等都来集会。阿阇世王（Ajātaśatru）的太子，名为刷护（Śūra），从国中与群臣、长者子五百人，各自拿着黄金华盖，从罗阅国一同来到佛陀所在之处，将黄金华盖献给佛陀后，退后叉手持着，头面着地向佛陀作礼完毕，都叉手站立。 阿阇世王的太子刷护向佛陀说道：‘我希望请问一些事情，如果佛陀肯为我解说，我才敢发问，如果不肯，我不敢发问。’ 佛陀说：‘你尽管问你想问的事情。’ 太子向佛陀说道：‘菩萨是因何因缘而得到颜颊端正？是因何因缘而不入女人腹中，而在莲花中化生？是因何因缘能够自己知道前世宿命之事？愿佛陀大恩，为我们解说这些。’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘能够忍辱不发怒的人，后世出生就会容貌姝好；不淫乱放纵，不与女人交合，如果寿命将尽时，人生一岁、一月及七日，后世出生，便能自己知道无数世以来的宿命之事。’ 太子向佛陀说道：‘菩萨是因何因缘，身上有三十二相（lakṣaṇa，佛陀的特殊身体特征）？是因何因缘有八十种好（anuvyañjana，佛陀的细微特征）？是因何因缘人民见到佛身时，观看而不会感到厌倦？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘在过去作为菩萨时，喜欢布施各种杂物，给予诸佛菩萨以及师长、父母、人民，凡是前来索取的，因此而得到。’
English
English version At one time, the Buddha was dwelling on Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa (Vulture Peak) in Rājagṛha (Royal Palace City), together with twelve hundred bhikṣus (Buddhist monks), twelve thousand bodhisattvas (enlightenment-seeking beings), as well as upāsakas (male lay devotees), upāsikās (female lay devotees), various Deva Kings, Brahma and Śakra, and countless people, ghosts, and dragons, all gathered together. Prince Śūra (Brave) of King Ajātaśatru (Unborn Enemy), along with five hundred ministers and sons of elders, each holding a golden canopy, came from the kingdom of Rājagṛha to where the Buddha was. After offering the golden canopies to the Buddha, they stepped back, holding their hands in reverence, and bowed their heads to the ground in prostration to the Buddha, then stood with their hands clasped. Prince Śūra of King Ajātaśatru said to the Buddha, 'I wish to ask some questions. If the Buddha is willing to explain, then I will ask; if not, I dare not ask.' The Buddha said, 'Ask whatever you wish to ask.' The prince said to the Buddha, 'For what reason does a bodhisattva obtain a beautiful and well-formed face? For what reason are they not born from a woman's womb but are born through transformation in a lotus flower? For what reason are they able to know their past lives? May the Buddha, with great compassion, explain these things to us.' The Buddha told the prince, 'Those who can endure insults and not become angry will be born with a beautiful appearance in their next life. Those who do not engage in sexual misconduct and do not have intercourse with women, if their lifespan is about to end, and they have lived for one year, one month, and seven days, in their next life, they will be able to know their past lives from countless lifetimes.' The prince said to the Buddha, 'For what reason does a bodhisattva have the thirty-two marks (lakṣaṇa, special physical characteristics of the Buddha)? For what reason do they have the eighty minor marks (anuvyañjana, subtle characteristics of the Buddha)? For what reason do people who see the Buddha's body never tire of looking at it?' The Buddha told the prince, 'When they were bodhisattvas in the past, they liked to give various kinds of things as alms to all Buddhas, bodhisattvas, teachers, parents, and people, to all who came to ask for them, and because of this, they obtained these qualities.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
三十二相。菩萨当有慈心，哀念十方人民及蜎飞蠕动之类，如视赤子皆欲令度脱，用是故得八十种好。菩萨见怨家、父母，心适等无有异，用是故人民见佛视之无厌极。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何所因缘，知深经智慧及陀罗尼行？何因缘知三昧定意得安隐？何因缘佛所说皆快善？其有闻者皆欢喜信受？” 佛告太子：“菩萨喜书信受讽诵学，用是故知深经智慧，得陀罗尼行；菩萨常喜专心正意，用是故得三昧安隐；菩萨所说皆至诚不欺，用是故所语人民皆信向，闻者莫不欢喜者。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何因缘学经闻佛语人民皆信？何因缘知经律仪法？何因缘孝顺随佛教不犯？” 佛告太子：“菩萨世世不谀谄，用是故学经闻佛语悉知不忘；菩萨入深经不恐不怖，用是故得经律便知仪法；菩萨世世敬佛敬经敬师敬父母，用是故得智慧。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何因缘世世生佛边？何因缘问佛叹经晓知中慧？” 佛告太子：“菩萨世世见人说经，不中坏乱，不呵之，用是故得生佛边；菩萨数叹深经，用是故知中慧。” 太子复白佛言：“何因缘不生恶处？何因缘生天上？何因缘不贪爱欲？” 佛告太子：“菩萨世世信佛信经信比丘僧，用是故不生八恶处；菩萨 现代汉语译本：三十二相（佛陀的32种殊胜外貌特征）。菩萨应当具有慈悲心，哀怜十方世界的人民以及所有会飞的、会爬的生物，如同看待自己的孩子一样，都希望他们能够得到解脱。因为这个原因，菩萨能够获得八十种好（佛陀的80种细微特征）。菩萨看待怨家和父母，内心平等没有差别，因为这个原因，人们见到佛陀时，会感到无比的喜悦，永远不会厌倦。 太子又问佛陀：‘菩萨是由于什么因缘，能够通晓深奥的佛经智慧以及陀罗尼（总持）的修行？是由于什么因缘，能够通晓三昧（禅定）的定力而获得安稳？是由于什么因缘，佛陀所说的一切都如此的快速而美好？那些听到佛法的人都欢喜信受？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨喜欢书写、信受、讽诵和学习佛法，因为这个原因，能够通晓深奥的佛经智慧，获得陀罗尼的修行。菩萨常常喜欢专心正意，因为这个原因，能够获得三昧的安稳。菩萨所说的一切都是至诚不欺的，因为这个原因，所说的话人民都相信并归向，听到的人没有不欢喜的。’ 太子又问佛陀：‘菩萨是由于什么因缘，学习佛经，听到佛陀的教诲，人民都相信？是由于什么因缘，能够通晓经律的仪法？是由于什么因缘，能够孝顺父母，遵循佛陀的教诲而不违犯？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨世世代代不谄媚虚伪，因为这个原因，学习佛经，听到佛陀的教诲，都能够知道而不忘记。菩萨深入佛经而不恐惧害怕，因为这个原因，能够通晓经律，从而知道仪法。菩萨世世代代尊敬佛陀、尊敬佛经、尊敬师长、尊敬父母，因为这个原因，能够获得智慧。’ 太子又问佛陀：‘菩萨是由于什么因缘，世世代代都出生在佛陀的身边？是由于什么因缘，能够向佛陀请教，赞叹佛经，通晓其中的智慧？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨世世代代见到有人宣说佛经，不加以破坏扰乱，也不加以呵斥，因为这个原因，能够出生在佛陀的身边。菩萨常常赞叹深奥的佛经，因为这个原因，能够通晓其中的智慧。’ 太子又问佛陀：‘是由于什么因缘，不会出生在恶道？是由于什么因缘，能够出生在天上？是由于什么因缘，不会贪爱欲望？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨世世代代都信仰佛陀、信仰佛经、信仰比丘僧（出家僧众），因为这个原因，不会出生在八种恶道。菩萨
English
English version: The thirty-two marks (of a Buddha). A Bodhisattva should have a compassionate heart, pitying the people of the ten directions and all creatures that fly and crawl, regarding them as their own children, wishing them all to be liberated. Because of this, they obtain the eighty minor marks (of a Buddha). A Bodhisattva views enemies and parents with equal equanimity, without any difference. Because of this, people who see the Buddha are filled with joy and never tire of looking at him. The Prince then asked the Buddha, 'What are the causes and conditions that enable a Bodhisattva to understand the profound wisdom of the scriptures and the practice of Dharani (mantras)? What causes and conditions enable them to understand the power of Samadhi (meditative concentration) and attain peace? What causes and conditions make everything the Buddha says so quick and good? Why do those who hear the Dharma all rejoice and believe?' The Buddha told the Prince, 'A Bodhisattva delights in writing, accepting, reciting, and studying the Dharma. Because of this, they understand the profound wisdom of the scriptures and attain the practice of Dharani. A Bodhisattva always delights in focusing their mind with right intention. Because of this, they attain the peace of Samadhi. Everything a Bodhisattva says is sincere and truthful. Because of this, what they say is believed and followed by the people, and those who hear it cannot help but rejoice.' The Prince then asked the Buddha, 'What causes and conditions enable a Bodhisattva to study the scriptures, hear the Buddha's teachings, and be believed by the people? What causes and conditions enable them to understand the rules and regulations of the scriptures? What causes and conditions enable them to be filial, follow the Buddha's teachings, and not violate them?' The Buddha told the Prince, 'A Bodhisattva is never flattering or deceitful in any lifetime. Because of this, when they study the scriptures and hear the Buddha's teachings, they understand and do not forget them. A Bodhisattva enters deeply into the scriptures without fear or trepidation. Because of this, they understand the rules and regulations of the scriptures. A Bodhisattva respects the Buddha, the scriptures, their teachers, and their parents in every lifetime. Because of this, they attain wisdom.' The Prince then asked the Buddha, 'What causes and conditions enable a Bodhisattva to be born near the Buddha in every lifetime? What causes and conditions enable them to ask the Buddha questions, praise the scriptures, and understand the wisdom within them?' The Buddha told the Prince, 'A Bodhisattva, in every lifetime, when they see someone expounding the scriptures, does not disrupt or confuse them, nor do they criticize them. Because of this, they are born near the Buddha. A Bodhisattva often praises the profound scriptures. Because of this, they understand the wisdom within them.' The Prince then asked the Buddha, 'What causes and conditions prevent one from being born in evil realms? What causes and conditions enable one to be born in the heavens? What causes and conditions prevent one from being greedy for desires?' The Buddha told the Prince, 'A Bodhisattva believes in the Buddha, the scriptures, and the Sangha (monastic community) in every lifetime. Because of this, they are not born in the eight evil realms. A Bodhisattva --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
持戒不缺，用是故生天上；菩萨知经法本空，用是故不贪爱欲。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何因缘身所行、口所言、心所念皆净洁？何因缘魔不能得其便？何因缘不敢诽谤佛？不敢诽谤经？不敢诽谤比丘僧？” 佛告太子：“菩萨侍佛喜学经爱比丘僧，用是故得净洁；菩萨昼夜行道精进不懈，用是故魔不能得其便；菩萨所语皆至诚，用是故众人不敢诽谤佛，不敢诽谤经道，不敢诽谤比丘僧。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何因缘，好高声如梵天声？何因缘有八种音？何因缘知众人所念皆悉能报？” 佛告太子：“菩萨世世至诚不欺，用是故好高声如梵天声；菩萨世世不恶口，用是故得八种音；菩萨世世不两舌、不妄语，用是故众人所念悉能报故。” 太子复白佛言：“何因缘得寿命长？何因缘身得无疾病？何因缘家室和顺相爱，不令他人别离？” 佛告太子：“不杀生者，用是故后生为人师寿命长；不持刀杖击人，用是故后生为人得无疾病；见人有变斗喜行和解令欢喜，用是故后生为人他人不能得别离。” 太子复白佛言：“菩萨何因缘，多得财物珍宝有不离？何因缘不亡财物？不为人所劫盗？何因缘得尊者得高？” 佛告太子：“不贪他人财物者，用是故后生为人得 现代汉语译本：持守戒律没有缺失，因此能够升到天上；菩萨明白佛经的法理本质是空性的，因此不会贪恋欲望。 太子再次向佛陀请教：‘菩萨是因何种缘故，使得身所行、口所言、心所念都清净无染？是因何种缘故，使得魔不能找到机会？是因何种缘故，使得他们不敢诽谤佛？不敢诽谤佛经？不敢诽谤比丘僧？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨侍奉佛陀，喜欢学习佛经，爱护比丘僧，因此能够得到清净；菩萨日夜精进行道，不懈怠，因此魔不能找到机会；菩萨所说的话都真实诚恳，因此众人不敢诽谤佛，不敢诽谤佛经，不敢诽谤比丘僧。’ 太子再次向佛陀请教：‘菩萨是因何种缘故，声音洪亮如梵天之声？是因何种缘故，具有八种美妙的音声？是因何种缘故，能够知晓众人心中所想并给予回应？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘菩萨生生世世都至诚不欺，因此声音洪亮如梵天之声；菩萨生生世世不恶语伤人，因此得到八种美妙的音声；菩萨生生世世不挑拨离间，不说谎，因此能够知晓众人心中所想并给予回应。’ 太子再次向佛陀请教：‘是因何种缘故能够长寿？是因何种缘故身体没有疾病？是因何种缘故家庭和睦相爱，不被他人离间？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘不杀生的人，因此后世为人能够长寿；不持刀杖伤害他人的人，因此后世为人能够没有疾病；看到他人争斗时，喜欢从中调解，使他们和好，因此后世为人家庭和睦，不被他人离间。’ 太子再次向佛陀请教：‘菩萨是因何种缘故，能够得到许多财物珍宝而不散失？是因何种缘故，不会丢失财物，不被他人抢劫偷盗？是因何种缘故，能够得到尊贵和崇高的地位？’ 佛陀告诉太子：‘不贪图他人财物的人，因此后世为人能够得到许多财物珍宝而不散失；不偷盗他人财物的人，因此后世为人不会丢失财物，不被他人抢劫偷盗；恭敬尊重他人的人，因此后世为人能够得到尊贵和崇高的地位。’