English
by the saint of Bardwan, Safi Baizid, and prophesied by tho saint as tho future Emperor of India— Azimu-sh-Bhan sails from Bardwan for Dhaka or Dacca or Johan- girnagar on Imperial war-vesselB—Azimu-sh-shan speculates nt Dhaka in trade and introduces Sauda-i-Khas and Sauda-i-’Am, and is sharply rebuked by Emperor Aurangzeb—Tho Emperor appoints Mirza Hadi, surnamed Kartalab Khan (afterwards Murshid Quli Khan), to tho oflice of Diwan of Bengal—Powers of tho Diwan defined—Powers of tho Nazim defined—Azimu-sh-shan lazy and covetous, and in July 1698 for the sum of 16,000 rupees permits the English to purchase from existing holders the right of renting the three villages of Calcutta, Sutanati and Gobindpur—Both the Nizam’s and tho Diwan’s powers regulated by an Imperial Pro¬ cedure Code revised year after year by tho Emperor—The Pro¬ cedure Code or Lastur-al-’Amal in India described—Kartalab Khan appoints sagacious and thrifty Collectors to every Pargannab, Qhaklah and Sarkar —Murshid Quli Khan (KarTalab Khan) resumes Jagirs in Bengal of tho Bengal mansabdars, and allots them Jagirs in lieu in Orissa—A big surplus in tho Bengal Revenue thus effected Murshid Quli Khnn enhances the Revenue - 3 XV 111 Page . assessments of Bengal, presents a prosperity Budget, and be¬ comes Emperor Aorangzeb’s favourite—Azimu-sh-sban becomes jealous of Murshid Quli Khan, and plots his destruction— Khiraj , Jaziahy Tamyha, Jihat , Sair Jihat revenue and taxes des¬ cribed— At the instigation of Azimu-sh-shan, the Naqdi troops in Dacca mutiny, and surround Mnrshid Quli Khan—Murshid Quli Khan behaves dauntlessly, pays up the troops and cashiers them, and reports the affair to the Emperor--Emperor Aurangzeb threat¬ ens Azimu-sh-shan, and orders the latter to quit Bengal and with¬ draw to Behar—Mnrshid Quli Khan removes with the Revenue offl- -cera from Dacca or Jahangiruagar to Maklisusiihad, which lie names after himself Morshidabad—The Mughal Special Intelligence De¬ partment, consisting of the ‘ Waqiah-nauis ’ and ‘ Saxcanih-navis described—Leaving FarruUisir ns his Depaty in Bengal, Azimu- sh-shan proceeds first to Mungir (Muughyr) and then to Patna, which he names ’Azimabad, and settles down there—Emperor Aurangzeb’s fatal mistake in fighting against aud crushing the Musalman kingdoms of Golkondah, Ahmadnagar and Bijapur —The effacement of these Musalman kingdoms in the Dakbin re¬ sulted in letting loose the Mahratta freebooters and other adven¬ turers that had, hitherto, no political existence—-Mughal system of Revenue-accounts—Mughal Account-Officers—Emperor Aurang¬ zeb appoiute Murshid Quli Khan Deputy Nazim of Bengal, in addi¬ tion to his office of Diwan— Mughal Revenue and Fiscal Officials described—Bestowal of the Deputy Nizumat of Bengal on Murshid Quli Khan, as Deputy of Azimu-sh-shau—Mint-towns in Bengal —-Nan fair* land-tenures described—'Auiils (collectors of revenue), Shiqdars aud Amins—Status of Zemindars described—Murshid Quli Khan prepares a perfect Revenue-Roll of Bengal and re- surveys lands in all the malials of Bengal —Murshid Quli Khan's settlement and survey procedures described--Mursjnd Quli Khun gives taqavi or taccuei or agricultural loans and advances, and en¬ courages the tenantry to till their lands and improve agriculture Murshid Quli Khan uo believer in Permanent Settlements, and pre¬ fers Ryotwari to Farming Settlements—Islamic Revenue systems recognize the soil as State property, and allot a portion of its profit or produce to the actual tiller of the soil for his labour on it, and abhor the 4 middle men *—Tin* constitution of the surveying patty and the Settlement procedure under the Mughal Emperors almost exactly analogous to the existing British Survey aud Settlement Procedure—Muiahid Quli Khan chastises the Zamindar of Bisban- pur (or Viahuupui) — Asudullah Khan, Zamindar of Birbhum, muni¬ ficent in his gifts aud inadad-i-mash grants to scholars and saints Rajahs of Tipra, Kuc£ Belmr, and Assam all caved in before the vigorous personality of Murshid Quli Khan-During Mu.s^id Quli Khan’s Administration, no foreign incursion nor internal distur¬ bance—In conseqnenoe, military expenditure reduced, and nearly abolished—Hinda Zamindars forbidden by Murshid Qnli Khan to ride on palkis —Murshid Qnli Khan strict and impartial in his administration of justice—To avenge the wrong done to another, Mnrshid Qnli, Khan in obedience to the Islamic law, executes his own son—Mnrshid Qnli Khan harsh to defaulting zamindars— Foroible conversion of Hindus to Islam only on the part of two Nau-Moslem rulers in Bengal—Poddar or the Treasurer—Procedure of seuding remittances of the Revenue to the Emperor—Some old industries and arts and manufactures in Bengal—Mnrshid Qnli Khan secures from Emperor Aurangzeb title of * Motamunul-Mulk Alau-d. daalah Jnfir Khan Nasir Jang *—Imperial Mansabdars, hearing of the prosperity of Bengal, seek for offices in Bengal—Nawab Saif Khan appointed Faujdar of Purniah on recommendation of Em¬ peror Aurangzeb— Qanungo Dorab Nnrain—Qaunngos Sheo Narain and Jai Narain—Ziau-d-din Khan, Faujdar of Hngli and Admiral of all the sea.ports on the coast of Coromandel, a patron of the English merchants, dismissed by Mnrshid Quli Khan who with the Emperor’s sanction brings the port of Hugli under his immediate authority, though hitherto it was independent of the Subahdari of Bengal—Murshid Quli appoints Wali Beg as Faujdar of Hugli—Tho French, Dutch and English secretly support Ziau* d-din Khan—Battle between Ziau-d-din and Wali Bog near Hagli —Ziau-d-din withdraws to Delhi—Kankar Bangali ; his insolence to Nawab Jafar Khan; Jafar Khan’s retort—Syod Akram Khao, Diwan of Bengal, dies, and is sncceedod by Syed Razi IQiun, hus¬ band of Nafisah Khanam—The 1 Baikant ’ or ‘ Reservoir of filth ’ into which defaulting Zamindars wore thrown—Insurrection of Sitaram Zamindar of Mahmudab.vl (in Jossore or Jasar) and raurdor of Mir Abu Turab, Faujdar of Bhuina (formerly in Jasar or Jossore, now in Faridpur district)—Sitaram's residence at Mnhammadpur or Mahmudpur, at tho confluence of tho Madhnmati aud Barasia rivers in Jasar (Jessore) distriot—Pir Khan. Mir Aba Tarab's general, detailed to chastise Sitaram—On Mir Abu Turab's fall, Hasan All K^an, scion of a noble family, who had married Murshid Qnli I&an's wife’s sister, appointed Faujdar of Bhnsna— Hasan Ali Khan captures Sitaram and his women and children, and sends them to Murshidabad to Nawab Jafar Khan (Murshid Quli Khan) who hangs Sitaram, and bestows his zamindari on Ram Jivan—Emperor Aurangzeb dies, and his son Bahadur Shah succeeds him—Prince Azimu-sh-shan sets out for tho Imperial Capital—Prince Farmkh-air comes to Mnrehidabad and is received with honour, and puts up at the Lai Bagh palace, as Nawab Jafar Jinan’s guest—Nawab Jafar Khan remits the revenue of Bengal to Emperor Bahadur §hah—-bailor Bahadur §hah dice, and is succeeded by his son, Jahandar Shah—Azimn-sh-shan killed— AsadHian the Prime Minister and Amiru-l-Umara Zulfnqar Eh an— Farrukh-sir resolves, under the inspiration of his brave mother Sahebu-u-Nissa, to fight for the Imperial Crown against Jahandar Shah—The Syed brothers espouse Farrukh-sir 1 s cause —Farrukh- sir being displeased with Jafar Khan, appoints Rashid Khan to supersede Jafar Khan—Battle between Bashid Khan and Jafar Khan Rashid Khan killed—Farrukh-sir defeats Emperor Jahan- dar Shah near Akbarabad or Agra, and ascends the Imperial throne Jahandar Shah and the Amiru-UUmara slain—Accession of Emperor Farrukh-sir to the throne of Delhi—Nawab Jafar Khan seuds presents and tribute to Emperor Farrukh-sir— Farrukh-sir confirms Jafar Khan as Nazim and Diwan of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa—On Jafar Khan’s representation, Nagar Set's uncle and agent, Fatih O^and Sahu, was invested by the Emperor with the title of ‘ Jagat-Set, ’ and appointed Imperial Banker for Bengal Jafar Kh an purchases from his personal income Zamindari of Qis-mat Qinnahkhali in Pargannah Kalharbah in the district of Murshidabad, names it Asaduagar after his maternal grandson, Mirza Asadnllah Sarfaraz Khan—Jafar Khan bestows the Deputy- Governorship of Jahangirnagar (Dacca) on Mirza Lutfnllab, a son- in-law of Shojan-d-din Khan, and gives him the title of Murshid Quli Khan—Emperor Farrukh-sir slain, and Sultan Rafin-d-darajat raised to the throne by the Syed brothers—Bafi-a-dsrsjat dies and is succeeded by Rafi-u-d-daulah—Rafi-n-d-daulah dies, and is suc¬ ceeded by Emperor Muhammad Sljnh—Nawab Jafar Kh an sends to Emperor Muhammad Shall tribute and presents from Bengal—The Emperor bestows on the Nawab the Subahdari of Orissa in addi¬ tion—Bengal free from Mahratta raids—Nawab Jafar Khan's quarrel with the Christiao Danes who had erected a Factory at Bauqibazar—The Danes though secretly supported by the French, expelled from Bengal—Ahsanullah Kh an. Faujdar of the port of Hugli—Shujait Khan and NijatKhan, Zamindars of Tonki Sarubpor (in Jesaore or Jaaar district)—Jafar Khan creates the office of Super¬ intendent of Dacoity with spies under the latter—Jafar JOian con¬ fiscates the zamindari of Shojaifc Khan and Nijat Khan, and settles it with Ram Jivan — Perfect peace and security in Bengal—Jafar Kh an establishes Thanahs or military police oat-posts at Katwah Murshidganj, Pupthal—Thieves, dacoits and robbers exterminated —Nawab Jafar Khan’s (Murshid Quli Khan) character, conduct and policy—A copy of the Qoran transcribed by Nawab Jafar Khan by his own haud exists in the shriuo of Makhdum Akhi Siraju-d- diu at Sadn-l-lopur—Weekly price-current reports prepared—Bice sold at 5 or 6 mannds per rupee in Bengal—People eat polao and XXI Page.