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and condition, and consistently with the resources of his kingdom. And he married Sultan Ibrahim’s daughter, who had also come to Bengal. And planning the subjugation of the Mughal forces, he despatched Qutb Khan with a large force towards the environs of Bharaich.* And the latter fought several battleB with the Mnghals, and fora period the contending forces were bivouacked there, fighting. But Khan Zaman, 3 son-in-law of Emperor Babar, had conquered up to Jaunpur, and when in the year 930 A.H., Emperor Babar came to Jaunpur, and brought to his subjuga¬ tion all its limits and environs, and planned to march to Bengal and to briug it also under his domination, Na$rat Shah, foreseeing the result, sent valuable presents and gifts in charge of wise envoys, and offered submission. Emperor Babar, in view of the exigencies of the times, made peace with Nasrat Shah, and retired. When Emperor Babar died on the 5th of the month of Jamadiu-l-Awal India was transferred-from Afghan hands to those of the Mnghals. Strange enough to add, this revolution wi>s effected by the intrigues of Afghan offioera and Omara of Ibrahim who had joined Babar, and invited the latter to India. (Badaoni, Pers. text, p. 331, Vol. I). No donbt, it was a penalty paid by Sultan Ibrahim for his ill-treatment of his brothers, officers and noblemen, whom he constantly distrusted an-I disgraced. 1 Sultan Mahmud was a son of Sultan Sikandar Lodi. Ho woe- set op as a King by Hasan Khan Mewnti and Kana Sanko, and indoced to fight with Babar who defeated him. After defeat, he lived at Chitor, whence he was brought by Afghans to Behar, and proclaimed its King. §her Khan joined him, but subsequently deserted him in favour of Mughala, who defeated him. From Patna, he fled to Orissa, whore he died in 949 A.H. (See Badaoni, pp. 361 and 338, Vol. I). * Sarkar Bh&rnich is inclnded in the Subnh of Gudh, and is mentioned -in the Ain-i-Akbari (Jarrett’a Tr., Vol. II; p. 93 ). This was the farthest western incursion made by the Masai man kings of Bengal (barring of coarse Sher Sh£h : .vho from king of Beigal rose to be Emperor of all India). ® See p. 139 Bloch. Tr., Ain, Vol. I. From Badnoui's account (p. 33 ^ Vol. I), the conquest of Jaunpnr appears to have been made by Humayon, during Babar’s lifetime. In Badaoni (p. 314, Vol. I), Md. Zaman Mirza. 136 937 A.H., ftnd Emperor Humayun ascended the throne of Delhi, it was rumoured that the Emperor of Delhi was planning the conquest of Bengal. Consequently, Na§rat Shah iu the year 939 A.H., in view of demonstrating his sincerity and friend¬ ship, sent rare presents in charge of Malik Marjan, the eunuch, to Sultan Bahadur Gujrati. 1 Malik Marjan met Sultan Bahadur in the fort of Maudu, and became the recipient of a special Khill‘at. In the meantime, Nasrat Shah, in spite of his being a Syed. indulged in dissipations and sundry oppressions, to detail which would be to harrow the feelings of all. And a world was grind¬ ing under his tyranny. In that interval, Nasrat Shah rode to Aknakah, iu the city of Gaur, in order to visit the tomb of his father. As will would have it, there he punished an eunuch for some fault. From fear of life, this eunuch leagued with other gtrouchs, and murdered Nasrat Shah on his return to the palace, in the year 943 A.H. His reign lasted 16 years, and according to some, 13 years, and according to others, less than 13 years. The foundations of the building of Qadam Rasul * in the year 4 )39, 3 and the Golden mosque commonly called the Sona Musjid* in the year 932 A.H., were laid by him, and these with their shattered doors and walls exist to this day, amongst the build¬ ings of Nasrat Shah, son of Sultan ‘Alau-d-din Husain §hah, amidst the ruins of Gaiir. And the foundation of the luminous shrine of the saint Makhdum Akjji Siraju-d-din 6 at Sadu-l-lahpur is also amongst the noble relics of that monarch. . He reigned iu Gojarat from 1526 A.C. to 1536 A.C.-see Ain-i-Akbarl, Vol. II, p- 261, and Badaoni, pp. 344 U 347, Vol. I. He foolishly engaged in a war with Humayun and was defeated, (Vol. II, i, 266, and Badaoni, p. 346, Vol. T). 1HR7 it : a H 2 This building WHB in fair order when I,' tg , cngth from aqua re one-domed building in the enc oeure Rhngirati Hows Zl to west is *4 cubit-. U..1 “ ‘"uiMi g 1mooted by ,o the west of it. uwaai^ce - a-*, ^ ^ Nasrat Shah m Jd7 A.H. ( ' . >t ou a p i eC o of stone, which is tliere is o foot-print of t .o ra laii ' c; j( | u Man.i of tho Saint said to bur. been formerly nt 1 “V L , " ,.rou B l,t it from Arabia. JalUJa-ddin Tabrixi, wl.o .s supposed to 1OT2 , p . 836. The inscription on the d.A.S.B. for t ,' 1.0 date on lire iuscr.pt.ou .s however, 137 [Note by the author, Salim : In all the inscriptions that engraved on stones exist to this time, the king’s name is mentioned os Nagrat Shah, son of Saltan ‘Alan-d din Husain Shah. In histories, his name is mentioned as Na$ib ‘Shah. Apparently, this is a corrnption or a mistake, in that there is no room for mistake in the inscriptions engraved on stones.] -o- REIGN OF FlRUZ SHAH,‘ SON OF NASRAT SHAH. When Na?rat Shah drank the disap?eeable syrup of death, his son, Firuz Shah, by the counsels of tl e grandees, ascended the throne. He had reigned for three 8 years, when Sultan Mabmftd Bengali, who was one of the eighteen sols of Sultan ‘Alau-d-din Husain Shah, and whom Nasrat Shah lnd installed to the rank of a nobleman, and who in the life-time of Na$rat, conducted himself like an ameer , finding an opportunity, slew Firuz Shah, and ascended the throne by right of inheritance from his father. Delhi and in oourae of timo acquired greut learning. He was then sent to Bengal, where he died in 768 A.H. or 135 A.J. After Nizamu-d-dln’a death (according to the Haft I qlim), he went to jnkhnauti—(8ee J.A.8. for 1878 P. 260). Na?rat 8h5h could not have laid the onndation of the Saint’s shrine- he could have only repaired and improved it, for the inscription on the shrine (see J.A.S. for 1878, p. 294), shews that its door was boilt by Nn?rat ghih’s father, Saltan ‘Alau-d-din Husain ghah, in 916 A.H. (A.C. 1610). Akhi’a popil was the Saint Alau-I-Huq, father of the Saint Nur Ontb ‘Alam of history. ^ AkhI was a contemporary of Shamsu-d-din Abnl MnzafTar Ilyis Sh*h King of Bengal. — * l His name appears to be ‘Alau-d-din Abnl Muzzafar Firuz ghb, both on his corns and his inscriptions (See J.A.S.B .for 1873, p. 297). Ho reignod it on'y one year (939 A.H.) when he was slain by his uncle Mahmud Sh e next King. This wonld also put back the date of No?rat ghlh’s murder to end of 938 or beginning of 939 A.H.; but Badaoni's account (n 348 Vnl n renders it donbtfnl. ’ 1,1 * Three years. >s evidently a copyist’s mistake, for Stewart who bases bis history on the Riyaz, mentions ‘ three months ’’ which he must have found in h.s copy of the MS. of the R y and which appears otherwise mor consistent, chronologically. F oinennse more 138 REIGN OP SULTAN MAHMUD, 1 SON OP ‘ALAU-D-DlN. When Mahmud Shih ascended the throne, Makfedum ‘Alam, his brother-in-law, wh) was Governor of Hajipor, raised the standard of rebellion, ard intrigued and allied himself with Slier Khan, who was in thi tract- of Behar.* Mahmud Shah deputed Qutb Khan, Commandart of Monghyr, to conquer the Province of Behar, and to chastise 1 nkhduul ‘AW Sher Khan made efforts to conclude peace, but t ley were of no avail; and at length, by the concurrence of the Afghans, resolviug to die, he determined to fight. When the tw> forces closed together, a great battle ensued. Qutb Khan wa3 killed in the battle and Sher Khan, obtaining his elephants and baggage, became powerful. After this, Makhdum ‘Alam, in oruer to avenge himself, or to usurp the throne, raised the s.andard of rebellion, and fighting with Mahmud Shah, was killed- And Sher Khan Afghan instantly, who had usurped the throne of Delhi, 3 drew his force towards Bengal. The nobles of Bengal, guarding the passes of Tellagadhi 1 The name of this King as appearing on his coins and inscriptions iib G hiisu-d-din Abnl Mnzaffar Malmud §hab (See J.A.S. for 1872, p. 389, and for 1873 P 298). He was the last n/’ouendent King of Bengal, and reigued from 940 to 944 A.H. He is the “ E Re)- Mamod de Bangalawith whom the Portngnese Alfonso de Mellu mode treaty. At this time, Sher Khan and hi brother Adil Khan had deserted th' Mughal canse, and gone over to the side of the King of Bengal. Bat subsiquently Slier KhAn on the pretext of aveng¬ ing the mnrder of Firuz Shah, m. dft war on Mahmud Shah, besieged him a Gaur and Mai,mild Shah fled to Colgong (Kahalgaon), where he died m 945 A.H. (1538 A C.) of injnrisa received on the battle-field. (See Badaoni, P 3 f T V he tlwn of Behar is meant. I. appear, that at thi. time both Sarhar Monghvr in Sooth Behar and the .hole of North Behar .ere subject to ho Bengal kings, and Hajipur wue the head-quarters from a long time of Bengal Governor of North Behar. Weat of B.rWar Monghyr tn Son h Behar, thich .a- .object to the Shnrqi kingdom of Jannpor onthedeeny o h. r sLC-t;:;. SJW X „ Sh e r ghahi wid alu> in Badaoni and .be Akbarnamah. an 139 and Sakrigali 1 * for one month continued fighting. At length, the passes of Teliagadhi and Sakrigali were captured, and Slier Khan entered Bengal, and Maljmud Shah, drawing his force, encountered the former, when a great battle cnsaed. Sultan Mahmud, being vanquished in the field, entrenched himself in the citadel, and sent a message to Emperor Humayun in Delhi, seeking for help. Humayun .Shah in the year 944- A.H. turned to¬ wards the conquest of the province of .Taunpur. Since at that time, Sher Khan was in Bengal, Emperor Humayun going to the foot of the fort of Chunar, 8 laid siege to it.