English
The middle of winter. See table of seasons, under D. Represented by a figure of Anubis, the date 12, 3, 10 =25. Fidiaula, the harp, sets. Represented by a man with a harp in his hands. A fish, symbol of the moon ? No. 8, 9, and 16, from their situations, appear as sym- bols of the moon. Ovid, in his Fasti, says, the Dolphin rose the 9th January, and set the fourth February ; but these do not agree with the times and positions given i therefore I am rallier disposed to think them symbols of the Moon, like the Ibis, Nos. 6 and 11. February. The beginning of spring. Represented by an inverted flower under No. 17. The figure of Pisces, which requires no explana- tion. To Jupiter Ammon and Faunus. See Cal. Portico, No. 21. Represented by a figure tn a pedestal having four rams* heads, to denote the sua in Aries, and next to it the figure of Faunus seated : over the heads of Jupiter Ammon is placed the moen, to denote its being t^en fulL To the left of the moon, and nearly over the head of Fau- nus, aife two birds, wiUi ^ star to the left of them : these Digitized by Google APPENDIX. 273 No. Day of the Month. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 16 24 12 14 17 signifj forty days that the festiyal had demted or fallen back at the time of the Juliaii correction from Aries, the position at the time of instituting the festival : therefore forty days being reckoned from Ajries, or the 25th March, gave the 13th of February, to which it was fixed for the Aiture. The cause of its falling back, was owing to the Egyptian year being one day deficient in erery font years : h^nce, 40 x 4 s^lOO, the number of years then elapsed since the festival coincided with Aries ; and thia was the antiquity of that festival at the time of the Ju- lian correction. A little to the right of the figure of the moon, over the head of Jupiter Ammoo, are four birds more^ with a star : these sigpnify eighty days, each bird being 2ft and relate to the Julian correction already expli^wd ; being the 79 dajs nominally counted from the 15th of October to the 1st of January, both included, and one day more for Febroary, the year being bissextile, make 80, the number here marked. Full moon the 13th. See Cal. Portico, No. 22. Represented by the figure of the moon, with that of a female holding a hog, or some such animal by the tail, on the moon's disc, in allusion to some legendary tales respecting the moon's spots. In the other calendar the figvlre is a male holding a hog by the taO, date 13th. The sun in Pisces the 16th. Represented by a cap, 18, and 4 stuck into it =16, marked in the circular margin. The sun in Pisces the 24th. Marked in the circular margin by 6, 6, 6, 4, 2, 8 8324th. March. The sun in Aries the 17th, according to Colu- mella. The Roman calendar says the 18th. Represented by the figure, symbol of the sun, with the numbers 8, 9 over his head : die number is compound, and made up of 8, 4, 1, 1, 1. 1, 1, in form of a globe. The beginning of spring. See table of seasons under D. Represented by Harpocrates sitting on a flower, and two; figures of Annbis above him. The numbers appear in- complete. Full moon the 14th. Represented by the figure of the moon, with an eye in the centre. i The Agonalia, and Milyius sets the 17th. Represented by the victims tied together, surmounted by the bird Milyius. The constellation Aries sets ? Represented by a figure over the heads of the Anubises, resembling a sheep : but as a sheep is a symbol of the moon, it may represent the last quarter of the moon^ placed on the head of the ram, No. 27. The quadriennium of Julius Caesar. Represented by four smaU serpents erect on their tails on a square pedestal, each of which signify 360 j and N N Digitized by Google 274 APPENDIX. No. Day of the Mootlu 27 29 18 24 25 11 30 31 16 18 25 •▼ef the head of each is' a small circle, which stands, (or 5, with a star orer each, to represent 365 days : bat oyer the head of the first serpent to the right, there is an additional star, to denote that the first jear of the foor, or of the Julian correction, was a leap year, and contained S66 days. The sun enters Aries the 24tii. Represented by the number in the oircolar margin, being' 6, 8, 10. The sun enters the sign the 18th. Represented by the nnmbers in the margin, bat not complete. The reraal equinox. Represented by the figare of a ram's head and neck in a boat The nnmbers below are 5, 6, 6, 9s=24th : the 9 is eomponnd. Over the head, between the horns, is the symbol of the moon, to denote the third quarter, with three stars to the right, to denote that the time is three di^s later than the entrance of the son into Aries on the 18th, or else three days earlier than his entrance on the 24tb. Both days may be seen in the Roman Calendar. The middle of Spring. See table of seasons under B. Represented by a figare of Anabis seated on its legs, haying four small serpents oyer its head, to denote thei •accession of fonr years, and seyen stars before him, to imply that the middle of spring is seyen days after the entrance of the son into Aries, which, according to the Roman Calendar, was the ISth. The end of March^ marked by a man sitting in thei circular margin. April. Full miooB the 11th. Represented nnder the figare of a boar or hog, being one of those figures marked sometimes on the moon*S disc, as in No. 22, Calendar of the Portico. The disc is not always necessary to identify the moon, as will be seen hereafter in another instance, in which it dispensed with ; bat the figare of a boar here may also be intended to represent the Hyades, which the Romans denominated Sas, Sacala. In the Calendar of the Portico, pi. yii. the fall moon is {^aced on the boQ's shoalders. See No. 39. The sign Taurus. Represented by the figare of the boll. The son enters it the 19th, according to the Roman calendar : Cola* mella says the 17th. The Hyades set ; that is, begin to set. Represented by the date, 6, 10, oyer the stars. The Hyades hide themselves in the evening. Colu- mella. Represented by the date, 8, 10, a part of which only is legible. Middle of spring, the latest. See table of seasons under D. Represented by the figures of two n^n apparently alike. Digitized by Google APPENDIX. 275 No. Day of the Montli. 33 34 35 36 37 38 30 40 41 42 15 21 25 witb 1 4ftte marked imdenietUi them, mde iqp in the form of a cross, oonsisting of 12, 18, 1^25. Under are Tarions birds of passage marked, with which I am not acquainted : the spotted one seems to denote the new moon. Time of the commencement of the Floralia for six days. Represented bj the same figare as in the Calendar of the Portico, No. 41, which see. Here the bird seems fo represent the new moon on the 26th. May, The first of May, and commencement of the old mercantile year. Represented by the figure of a long seipent in folds, placed on a pedestal, and coronated. The birth of Mercury. Represented by Uie same figure as in the Calendar of the Portico, No. 44, bat no date : it has a bird after it. The Twins. Represented by the fignres of two men exactly alike, behind No. 82. As there is no date, they reqoire no farther explanation here. The Agonalia of Janus. Represented by the hind leg of the victimi with some other rictims tied to it June. The summer solstice. Represented by the figare of an eagle perched on a stand, to denote that the snn is at its utmost limit in its coarse. This is abo midsammer by the table of seasons nnder B. The sun enters the sign the 25th. Represented by the figare of the son, with a date 7, 8 10a:26. In like marginal space, a little farther on, is marked a conjanctton of the san and moon at the sam- mer solstice. In this part of the calendar the figares are intermixed .with each other, in sach a manner, as to make it difficalt . to distinguish them with sufficient accuracy. The flign Cancer. Represented by the figure of Cancer ; but from the crowded manner in which the figures are placed, it seems to be out of its proper situation. The sun enters Cancer^ supposed the 20th. Represented by a figure of the snn, or man with a hawfc*s head, under Cancer, bat no date. The cosmical rising of Sirius. This b supposed to be represented by a small Anubis, or dog, over the back of Leo. QuiNTius, OR July.