English
He who eats unstrained rice and vegetables is like a Dugra. Pugra — '* A mixed race, (descended from a R/ijpOt father and low.oaste mother) of reputation in the Panjab. The reigning family of Kashmir is of this tribe Its members speak of themselves as R&jpOtB. The Dugra are land-holders and cultivators." — *' Bherring's Hindu Tribes and Castes. " Yus mazah phalis sui mazah gurnas. What flavour there is to the grape there will be to the whole cluster. A sample. Yua nah donas peicih suh honah rewih p6naa ? He who cannot (aflFord even) to light a fire, why will he not adorn himself? " He has got all he is worth upon his back." Yus nah gabah phatih suh dapid ^*Babah.'* Will that boy say "Father" who did not burst the womb (j.c, who was not born to me) ? An adopted child. 256 Tus pherih suh hrerih. Tus ajih suh gajih. He who turns (from his promise let him fall) into a well. He who (fulfils only) half his promise (let him fall) into a furnace. Striking hands with his creditor the debtor will quote these words. Tus phul suh phul gunchai. What bloomed, bloomed when it was in the bud. The child is father of the man. Tus yas zdnih sui tas rrn'nih. He will obey him whom he knows. *• One of themselves " would have more influence. Tus yuth harih suh tyuth surih, Tus yuth wavih suh tyuth lonih. As he does, so will he receive ; As he sows, so will he reap. Hindustani — Jaisi doge waisd pdoge. Yusuf Juah! wutjh rat. O, Yusuf Ju ! take hold of the calf. A dependent character. A sharp fellow would fix the calf under one arm and railk the cow, but Yusuf wanted another man to hold it. Cows in India always have their calves by them when they are being milked, Yusuf Ju is a Muhammedan Hindustani name. Yusuf is from the Arabic for Joseph, and Jii is by way of respect and means lord ! master ! sir ! Tusid hheyih ser sui sapunih ser. He who eats a ser {i.e., lbs. 2 English) will be satisfied. Ser is the Kashmiri and Hindustani word for a weight=2 lbs English ; it is also the Persian word for satisfied. Tusui ruchhum tasi nish rachhlam Khuddyo. O God, preserve me from him whom I cherished. An ungrateful protege, offspring, &c. Yu8ui ruchhum yiman athariy sui yuvdn tietharah hathan. He whom I brought up with these hands is coming to me with words of marriage. Money and position frequently shake hand. 257 Tut ffuris yiyih ratanak wag iyut pahihbarubar . The horse will go according as he is held by the bridle. Yut kur tami mih tyut karas buh tih. As he did to me so will I do to him. Lem tcdionis, Yut loirih tak dik tyul chhtis ynwun. As much as you cut the willow so much will it grow strong. Yut wustud titi tjdf dsan. As (is) the teacher so will the scholars be. Yut/minah hakim ak zah m/ir karih tut/m sapanih nah hakim. Until the physician has killed one or two he is not a physician. Tut/tn nah ranj tulih tutun labih nah ganj. Until a man takes trouble ho does not get treasure. Persian.— Tii ranj na kashi ganj na ydU. No pains, no gains. Yutm puz pazih tutdn Alam dazih. Until the truth appears the world will burn (with anger). Lot thorn Gght it oat. Yulun tjhut pilan karih tutdn tyuih yad barih. While the short man is reaching up to a place, the tall man fills his stomach. To which the short man repliod : — Yutun zyuthjui t^h&ndih tutdn tshut nindar karih. AVhilc the tall man is seeking for u place wherein to repose, the short man sleeps. Yutui zuwah tyutui tuwah- As I earn so will I sow. Dress aooording to position. 33 258 Z Zahcin chheh shamsher. Tfie tongne is a sword. Tongue is a sharp sword." — Psalm Ivii. 4 Zachan packah phvir. To turn and mend old clothes. Making an old coat look new. Zagun tati zuwitn, Uhundun tah melun. Expect and live, seek and find. Zah tkazah tah gudah dazah. Two persons high (-minded) and the fishes burnt. Somebody in the house must bend, or the work will not be done; Zainah Kadaldh peikak thuk gccyik ho ! The spittle has gone from Zaina Kadal ! A man came from India to see Kashmir and enquire about the inhabitants. In the course of his rambhngs he went and stood on the fourth bridge and spat into the river ; and then looked at the spot where his spittle had fallen, and said, " Where has it gone ? Where has it gone ? " The passers-by asked the meaning of this. He did not reply, but continued saying, " Where has it gone ? " More people crowded around, until at last a vast assembly had gathered, and there was great danger lest the bridge should break. Then ho told them that his spittle had gone, and the crowd scattered ; and the man from India went back to his own countrymen and told them what stupid people those Kashmiris were. Zaina Kadal, the fourth of the seven bridges spanning that pari of the river Jhelum, which flows through Srinagar, and forming the principal means of inter-communication between the two sides of the city, is the principal thoroughfare in Srinagar. It is said that whatever news there may be it will certainly be known some time or other during the day on Zaina Kadal. There is a story illustra- tive of this : — Azdd Khan (1763 a. d.) was a most tyrannical ruler. Even in his own palace he was a very hard master. One of his wives was about to be delivered of a child ; just before her confinement he went to her lying-in room and said, " If it is a boy that be born, I will give you many presents ; but if it should be a girl, I will slay botk you 259 and the child." A girl was bom, and as soon as the king hoard of it ho slew his wife and threw the infant into the iire-placo. Uneasy as to what report might bo spread concerning this dastard act, ho sent his servant to Zaina Kadal to see whether thp people had got whid of it, and if possible the report was to be traced and the originators soi^^ed. The servant went and in a little wliile four or five persons were seized, and the report traced back to one man. This man was carried before the king, who asked him how ho had obtained the news. The man replied, *'l saw in a dream Shiii llamadAn (cf. note to * Atjas toate,' Ac), or one like unto him, coming to me and saying Chat anch wa the case ^n the king's house. Accordingly I told the people, whom I met, of my strange vision, and on Zaina Kadal therp yrna quite a little company of strangers to whom I related my strange oKporieRce." " True," said the king, *' Zaina Kadal's news is correct concerning the ruler alsa" Then f;oing at once to the bridge he had all the houses, which Zain(i'l- ibadSn had erected on either ide of it, destroyed, lest they should prove dangerous treasuries of scandal. Even now authorities are afraid of the bridge, and the police have epocial orders to prevent any gatherii\g8 there (?) Z.dlih Surinam tah Jcdnih adrinam. It ^oes off from ray fingers, but rolls on in to the ball. The father loses but the son gains ; it remains in the family. Sung by the women dozens of tinioa in succession very often, as they sit at the spinning-wheel. Zdm at dsih gdm tatih p'lhnh tufiih pdin. If the sister-in-law should be in a village, tbence even she will send reproaches. Pew enemies go so far as that they out-distance their enmity. Ziim is the wife's husband's sister. She is generally a great etambling-block to the wife's happiness. Zdmatur ai hangas mans racAhzcn totih mandahchhdwtjs rang at mam. If a son-in-law be brought up in the best way, and with the greatest attention possible, still he will put you to shame in tlve assembly (t. e., he will not respect or love you). tla,nijas wanz, lit. in, the centre of the head or turban, the pla<;& of security and honour. Zdmatur gav pdmatur. A son-in-law is a giver of reproach and curses. ^amn chhai duti (iusi nun. Laud is like beaten gold. 260 * Zan chhehjdhdn. Acquaintance is the world. Zan nah tah pachhdn nah^ tah " Kh'dah ji saUmP* Nor known, nor recognised, and " Good morning, uncle." Said of a stranger claiming friendship or relationship. Marwari, — Jan na pahchdn, " Khdld hari saldm /" Z<ina{ nah haum nah Jcrom nah mm. I will not know your sect or class or name. Refusal to inter-marry, Zandnah chkeh prasanih wizih taubah hardnt prasit chheh beyih watdn tutui. A woman in the hour of travail repents, but when she is deUvered of the child she again arrives at the same state (of lying, &c.) Zandnah gayi hhoran hund imlahor a7c trov tah bydTc tshun.