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" Hearing this the miserable Deputy -Inspector said within himself, " I, also, will be executed, that I, too, may arrive at bliss (luickly. This certainly is the better way." And so he executed himself, and there was an end of the matter. 224 Tsuras (ah tsrdlis hdjwat. A partnership between the thief and the watchman. " Can two walk together except they be agreed." — Amos iii. 3. Tsrol. For their origin, vide note " Kashirih kahai garah." Tsut gayih holih tah ruh-i-padar. The bread has tumbled into the river and **for the father's sake." A man does not give anything to God willingly, but if he loses any money, &c. ; he professes not to mind — " May God bless it to my deceased father, " says he. Tsutal shahras trek pal pav. In the sodomitish city three pals to a pav. A badly-managed city. Pdv, a weight of half -a -pound, in which are five pals. Tsyap laj tah tiraSy poniah gayih tah gristis. The sheep got a wound and the farmer got a piece of wool. To harm another person by stealing that which is of the greatest importance to him, but of not the slightest use to the thief. Tuhas dug dim tah puni 7nandun To pound chaff and churn water. To plough the seashore. The Kashmiri has a very ingenious way of making butter. When the milk is ready for churning, it is placed into a big vessel, in the cover of which there is a hole. In this hole a stick is placed. The part of the stick which is inside the vessel is thick, and the part outside the cover is thin ; to this thin part a piece of string is attached, and the ends of it the man or the woman holds in their hands, and putting one foot upon the cover to steady it, twirls about the stick with the string, first pulling one end and then the other until the butter is prepared. I believe a slightly different custom prevails in India. Tul Jcheni honin suet. To eat mulberries with dogs. To degrade oneself. Tul palav wuth tsalav. Gird up the clothes, rise, and away. A wandering life. 225 Tumalah siris yctih shihmas andar hatuh sharpi kat wcpi mi ? When the ser of rice is digested iu the stomach does the mat- ter remain ? Scaudul at tho dinnor is blazod abroad as soon as the moal is over. Turah ba kadr-i-^Um. Tlie length of the tail of a man's turban according to his knowledge. A very wise and learned man called Shokh Clmlll visited Kashmir, greatly desiring to know to what extent tho people hod been* odDcatod, and whether they were a clever and thriving class. Tho KashmfHs got wind of this visit and gathered a council to consider how they might entrap this inquisitive foreigner in his speech. Tho result of their deliberations was, that they sent a most Uneducated man named Malah l)upiy6z to meet tho learned Shokh at Udramula, a town at the north-west end of tho valley. Malah Dupiydz went in very grand style; he was boautifnlly attired and looked of a most serious and meditative disposition, whilst to complete the deception, a man walked behind him with a plate upon which was rolled in a coil the end of his turban. The Shokh was much surprised at meeting so loamed a Kashmfri as this man appeared to be. In the course of conversation he asked him why he wore such a long tail to his turban. The Kashmiri replied, as he had parrot-like learnt, *' Turah ba kadr-i-'ilm" Then the following dialc^^e in Persiuu and another ouknown tongue passed between them : — BwodUuShekh. KabkehM? Sutodl-i-Malah. Mahk chUt f Jaiodh-i-Shekh. Kabk dar kohtdr sang-retah mekhcrad. Jaimib i'Malah. Mabk dar mohsdr monQrezah memorad. Question, Shckh. What is the meaning of " kabk f" Question, Malah. What is the meaning of *' mabk ?" Answer, Shekh. " Kabk " is the name of an animal which eats gravel upon tho hillside. Answer, Malah. (Cannot be translated, as it is a language made up for the occasion, in order to non-plus the Shekh.) Mabk also was a word coined for the moment and moans nothing. In this way Malah Dupiydz thoroughly frightened away the Shekh, so that he did not venture any further into the country. Kashmiris are very fond of carrying on these conversations in imaginary tongues. No outertainmout is complete without them. 20 226 U Vnglas peih hungalali. A bungalow upon an inch of ground, A good bargain j a cheap concern. Tin d/ind rovjarih susas dundas wat. One blind ox will lead a thousand oxen astray. One fool makes many. GulistSn, Ch. II. — lHa rrehini hi gdwe dar *alafzdir Biydldyad hama gdwdn i dih rd. Un ley ah zanih prun bat ah ? Will a blind man know white rice ? A fool knows nothing. There are fotirteen varieties of rice grown in the vallejr^ XJn hhutsih nah anigatihj Kani phatih nah vedrih zah, Hunis adij rotih nah hatih, Nihi Icarit rdwih nah zah. A blind man will not fear the darkness ; A stone will never be broken by the ice ; A bone will not stick in a dog's throat ; A good deed will never be lost. i/r mah gaUh tah yuri wulah. Don't go there but come here. Do not interfere in a quarrel or aaxj wickedneBS*^ 227 W IVahuhas Kalimak nah dar hunih tak nah dewdr. The Kalima in time of plague is neither a door anywhere nor a wall (i.e., is no protection ; you should have repeated it before). Pray betimes. Knlimah is the Mahammodan confession of faitlu La, ilAha Ula 'llih, ica Mukammad Iia$<ilu'lUih. Thero ia no Doity bat God, and Muhammad is the Apostle of Grod. Wdguvi dandarih pethui go9 pviyth ehhamh. Tlie edge of the mat became as a precipice to hira. A man who becomes a bad character from a very little mflttor; or who dies from a vury little sickness ; or who is in despair bocause of a very little discooragoment. JVahnthor kdlak gupan tak pagah tor. O Wahathor, last night a cow, and to-morrow a pig, A ficklo disposition. Wahathor^ a village in the Yfch pargana. Shekli Nur-ud-dSn once cnr8o<l this village, boi^ase ono day ho went there ex])ccting to bo hospitably treated as in former times, and the people wonld not at all entertain him. Wdjih siiH athah p^tk ihawun. To put the jewelled hand upon another*8 shoulder. Wortls from the wealthy man fail to comfort the poor man. Why does he not back them np with a present of money ? JVaktas nah witsda mochhih tah wahtas nah wetsdn huehhih, ^Sometimes it is contained within the hand and at other times it cannot be held within the bosom. Tho fickle world. Persian — Ki ciyin e jahdn gdhe chenin gdhe ehSndn hdshad, Jfakhth h'r gav taJchtuk pudahdh. Work done at the proper time is like a king's throne. Wanah toolit wethi, wahras rachhit, w'ianih wizih, dah. After having tended a tree for a year to cut it down and take it to the river ; and at the time of taking it down to throw it with force upon the ground. After showing man much kindness, and considerably helping him, to tarn the back upon him. 228 Wanah wulit Wcthih tfhunizih Sirun loazum dlzih nah zah ; mandini gar hhcnih gaUhzih Mungah-Hum aulas gaUh- z\h nah zah. Better to bring it from the jungle and throw it into the river than to lend anything to the people of Sirun, (for they never pay back); and better to eat the flesh of the sacrifice than to accept the invitation of the people of Mungah-Hum, (for they are very bad hosts). Sirun is a village in the Dachhanpor pargana. Vessels of stones are hewn there. Sometimes this place is called Siram Khira Hum. Mungah Hum, a village in the Chhirat pargana. Wanunui aut tah ramm nah hehh. For a long time saying only, but not cooking anything. Actions speak louder than words. Wananwulih Ueh nai chhai ahl tah bozanwidih tseh iik chhai nd? O talker, if you have not got understanding, you have, O hearer, haven't you ? Never listen to idle tales and scandal. Wandas chhuh jandan pMh. In the winter-time there is warmth from an old patched-up garment. Sikandar Ndma — Maiyafkan Icawal garchi 'dr dyidat, ki hangdmi sarmd ba kdr dyidat. " Wungujo gar ah ho dudid.** " Wagevi hnn pilaiiywny ** O Wanguj, here the house is on fire." " Give me my little piece of matting." Every man for himself, and especially in time of trouble. Bustdn, Ch. 1—Shehe dud i khalk dtashe bar farokM Shenidam ki Bagjiddd j,inie bisokht. Yeke shukr guft andar dh khdk o dud. Ki dukdn i vidrd gazande nabud. Wdni chheh hawdni.