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But he who, being a fool, thinks himself wise, He is truly called a fool. 71. The fool thinks it honey, As long as the evil does not ripen; But when the evil ripens, Then he comes to grief. 72. A fool is not good, though powerful, He quickly finds wealth; At the breaking up of the body, the unwise one, Goes to hell. 73. A mouse is wicked in the house, A monkey is wicked in the forest; A crow is wicked among birds, A Brahmin is wicked among men. 74. Long is the night to the wakeful, Long is the league to the weary; Long is saṃsāra to fools, Who do not know the Good Dhamma. 75. He sees even a sesame seed, As a small fault in others; But a fault even as big as a coconut, The wicked-born does not see. 76. One should know one's own faults, One should know the faults of others; Like a tortoise hiding its limbs, One should observe the faults of others. 77. For the wise one's praise, A fool wields the rod; The wise by the wise alone, Are praised, like refined gold. 78. The greedy, with wealth one gains, The arrogant, with folded hands; The foolish, by compliance, The wise, with truth. The chapter on fools and the wicked is finished. 4. The Chapter on Friends 79. A benefactor is a true relative, A relative, if unkind, is a stranger; An unkind disease is born of the body, A kind forest is a medicine. 80. One who destroys virtues behind one's back, And speaks sweetly to one's face; Avoid such a friend, Like honey in a vessel of poison. 81. When wealth is gone, friends forsake, Children, wives, and siblings too; They serve only the wealthy, Wealth is the greatest friend in the world. 82. One knows a servant by his service, A relative in times of fear; A friend in times of scarcity, And a wife when wealth declines. 83. He is a friend who is devoted to good, Parents are those who nourish; That is a friend in whom there is trust, She is a wife in whom there is peace. 84. Trust not the untrustworthy, Nor even trust a friend; For if angered, a friend, May reveal all faults. 85. A friend once angered, Who seeks reconciliation; Embraces death, Like a barren mule's womb. 86. Carry an enemy on your shoulders, Until the time is right; Then, when the time comes, Smash him like a pot on a stone. 87. Debt remaining, fire remaining, And enemies remaining; Grow again and again, Therefore, leave no remainder. 88. Whose face is like a lotus, Whose speech is cool as sandalwood; Do not associate with such a one, For in his heart is deadly poison. 89. Serve not a harsh master, Nor serve a miser; Better to be dismissed by the master, Than to be disciplined by him. 90. Avoid a bull from fifty cubits away, A horse from a hundred; An elephant from a thousand, And a wicked man by abandoning the country. 91. A bad country, a bad friend, A bad family, a bad relative; A bad wife, and a bad servant, Avoid them from afar. 92. In sickness, in famine, In disaster, in war with enemies; In the cemetery, Who stand as true friends. 93. Gentle speech, many friends, Harshness, few friends; The comparison here should be known, To the moon, sun, and kings. The chapter on Friends is finished. 5. The Chapter on Women 94. The sound of cuckoos, beauty, A woman's beauty, chastity; Knowledge, the beauty of the formless, Patience, the beauty of ascetics. 95. For women, wealth is beauty, For men, knowledge is wealth; For monks, wealth is virtue, For kings, wealth is power. 96. Ascetics are beautiful when lean, Four-legged creatures are beautiful when stout; Men are beautiful with knowledge, Women are beautiful with a husband. 97. Five nights, fragrant scents, Seven nights, archers; One month, a well-fed woman, Half a month, a dirty student. 98. Hiṃ delights in paṅa, Haṅa delights in poka. Thī delights in pu, Khu delights in dhaṃ. 99. Old rice should be praised, And a wife past her youth; A hero returned from battle, And grain brought home. 100. A woman with two-and-thirty faults, A monk with two-and-thirty dwellings; A bird freed from two-and-thirty snares, A trickster with many schemes. 101. Control the wicked with punishment, Control friends with gentle words; Control a woman with misfortune, Control the lustful with little food. 102. The night is not beautiful without the moon, Nor the ocean without waves; Nor a lotus pond without swans, Nor a maiden without a husband. 103. Wealth earned by the husband, Is well-guarded by the wife; The man is indeed the leader, The woman is like thread to a needle. 104. All rivers are crooked rivers, All forests are wooden forests; All women commit evil, When they find a hiding place. 105. A quarrelsome woman, speaking enviously, With greedy eyes, eating many dishes; Eating the best, living in another's house, A man should abandon such a woman, even with a hundred sons. 106. Among the eaten, she is lovely like a mother, In secret places, modest like a sister; In tasks to be done, she works like a slave, In fears, a counselor, in bed, she delights; In beauty, skilled, in anger, patient, That woman is the best, say the wise; She might be ruined by horses. 107. Dark like a myrobalan, slender-waisted, With beautiful hair and even teeth; Deep-navelled, young, of good character, Even if born in a low family, she should be married. 108. Like the autumn season, A beautiful wife; The eldest is the chief of sons, The north is the chief of directions. 109. She who wishes to be a man, Again and again in every birth, Should honor her husband, Like a handmaid honors Indra. 110. He who wishes to be a man, Again and again in every birth, Should avoid another's wife, Like one with washed feet avoids mud. 111. An old man, Brings home a young woman; She is jealous and faithless, That is a cause of ruin. Here ends the section on women. 6. The Section on Kings 112. A king should sleep one watch, A wise man two watches; A householder three watches, A beggar four watches. 113. A wealthy king, learned, A river, a doctor, these five; In whatever country these are not found, One should not live there for a day. 114. In whatever place there is no respect, No love, nor relatives; Nor any acquisition of knowledge, One should not live there for a day. 115. A house without a son is empty, A country without a king is empty; The mouth without skill is empty, All is empty for the poor. 116. A merchant desires wealth, A servant desires knowledge; A young woman desires a son, A king desires a minister under his control. 117. A dancer is ruined by discontent, A king by contentment; A courtesan is ruined by shame, A daughter of good family by shamelessness. 118. The sky is the strength of birds, Water is the strength of fish; A king is the strength of the weak, Crying is the strength of children. 119. Patience, wakefulness, effort, Sharing, and looking after others; These are the qualities of a leader, A hundred times more desirable. 120. Kings speak once, Ascetics and Brahmins once; Good men in the world once, This is the eternal law. 121. A lazy householder indulging in pleasures is not good, An unrestrained ascetic is not good; A king who acts without consideration is not good, A wise man An angry man is not good either. 122. Where there are many leaders, All thinking themselves wise; All wanting greatness, Their work is ruined. 123. The king should know himself, Profit and loss, what's done and undone; He should punish the punishable, And reward the worthy of reward. 124. One should cherish one's wife, As one cherishes fire in the belly; And one's master with all one's being, Without delusion, for the next world. 125. Fire, water, a woman-infatuated fool, A snake, and royal families; Should be avoided from afar, For they are extreme takers of life. 126. Living with a corrupted wife, A corrupted mind, a slave; Living in a house with a snake, Is surely death, no doubt. 127. A foolish pupil in a country, A bad wife with maintenance; Association with the wicked, Even a wise man declines. 128. The mother incurs the sin, Done by her son; The teacher incurs the sin, Done by his pupil; The king incurs the sin, Done by his country; The priest incurs the sin, Done by the king. 129. Overcome anger with non-anger, Overcome evil with good; Overcome stinginess with generosity, Overcome a liar with truth; 130. Taming the untamed is generosity, Generosity is effective everywhere; Through generosity and kind speech, They rise up and they bow down; 131. Generosity is the medicine of affection, Non-stinginess is the cure for hatred; Generosity is the medicine of fame, Non-stinginess is the cure for poverty. 132. With unity, overcome the victory, Of those with little strength; A rope is made of grass, With it even an elephant is bound. 133. What can a friend do, Even if he is incapable, with his power? A fire lit in a windless place, Goes out by itself. 134. The king should never enjoy, Sensual pleasures equally; In appearance, taste, or enjoyment, Garlands, scents, or ointments; Clothing and all adornments, One should not be equal to the king. 135. "The king is not my friend, The king is not my intimate"; "He is my master," Establish this firmly in your mind. 136. One should not serve the king too far, Nor too close, like a precipice; Not too straight, nor too bent, One should not serve on a high seat. A servant should avoid deceit, Stand controlled, like fire. 137. Though virtuous, all-knowing, and equal, One without support does not shine; Though priceless, the finest jewel, Shines relying on gold. The chapter on Kings is finished. 7. Miscellaneous Chapter 138. From a woman mixed up, where is virtue? From a meat eater, where is compassion? From a drunkard, where is truth? From great greed, where is shame? From great sloth, where is skill? From great anger, where is wealth? 139. Addiction to liquor, unseemly hours,