English
Because of stating the specific "wrong view" and so on, and because the future attainment of Nibbāna by the heretics is rejected in thought, this is called future rejection. The statement is "wrong and opposite is that view," and "by that is the mind enveloped." "The hope for life is strong, the hope for wealth is weak in me; Go or stay, beloved, my state is declared" – And so on, the rejection due to disregard is not separately stated because it is not different from the previously shown rejections of the past and so on. Here is the meaning in this case: O beloved, my hope for life is strong, the hope for wealth is weak; you may go or stay, my state, my nature, is declared, made known. Because of stating the specific "here my state is declared," and because by this indifferent statement "go or stay," the present or future departure of her beloved is rejected, it is either a present rejection or a future rejection. 239. One should know the implication of another meaning, Which establishes the meaning of another statement; All-pervading, specific in meaning, Its variations are inferior and superior. 239. He explains the implication of another meaning with "one should know" and so on. The implication of another meaning is that which establishes the meaning of another statement, the implication of another meaning is the application of another meaning to establish the meaning of a statement. He states its variations with "all" and so on. Of this implication of another meaning, its variations are inferior and superior. These are specified by the word "hi," all-encompassing, and specific in meaning. But what is the difference between this and the simile based on a counter-example? True, although they are similar in that both involve the placement of a different meaning, where there is a strong sense of similarity, that is a simile based on a counter-example. But where the placement of a different meaning is merely in the form of proof, that is a placement of a different meaning. The difference between the two is clear. 239. Now, he shows the placement of a different meaning with "to be known," etc. That which proves the meaning of another sentence, which is the proof of the meaning of another sentence, which proves the meaning of another sentence, that placement of a different meaning is to be known as the placement, the statement of something different from the meaning of the sentence to be proven. Of this placement of a different meaning, there are four kinds, by way of division and subdivision: all-encompassing, specific in meaning, and these two specified by "hi." The meaning and that which is different, and the placement of that, and that which encompasses everything by nature, and that which stands in a specific place, and the sentence specified by the word "hi." All-encompassing without "Hi" 240. Even they, attached to the welfare of the world, the sun and the moon; Will go to destruction, see! By whom is the law transgressed? 240. He gives an example with "even they," etc. Even those great ones, the sun and the moon, attached to and delighted in the welfare and prosperity of the world, will go to destruction, to the opposite of rising, to non-existence. They do not remain as they are. "See!" he makes one understand that. For thus is the law: "What is called being does not perish. All conditioned things are subject to decay." By what thing is this law able to be transgressed? This is an all-encompassing placement of a different meaning without the word "hi," because such a law is all-pervading. 240. "Even they," etc. Even the sun and the moon, attached to the welfare of the world, devoted to the prosperity of the world, even those great ones will go to destruction. See! Look at their evident destruction. For thus is the law: "All conditioned things are impermanent," the meaning of all the words. Who can transgress the established law? By what substance, arisen from conditions, is it transgressed? This law, devoid of "hi," known as the establishment of meaning, is universal, a universal establishment of meaning. Although the simile of a counter-object and the establishment of meaning are similar in being establishments of meaning, the former has the nature of revealing virtue, while the latter has the nature of proving the statement, thus their difference is very clear. "Api" is in the sense of possibility, the second "api" is in the sense of conjunction. Hi-accompanied universal 241. The Teacher of gods and humans, the master, that lord of sages; Has gone to Nibbana, all conditioned things are not permanent. 241. "Satthā" etc. The Teacher of gods and humans, the teacher of gods and humans, instructing appropriately with visible and future benefits, according to the highest distinction, the master, the lord of sages, having attained mastery with the five masteries, gone to Nibbana, known as the cessation of aggregates, indeed has attained it, the word "hi" is for emphasis. All conditioned things, arisen from conditions, are not permanent, not constant, impermanent due to their nature of arising and passing away. This too, the establishment of meaning accompanied by "hi," is universal, due to its universality in impermanence. 241. "Satthā" etc. The Teacher of gods and humans, the teacher according to the highest distinction, instructing appropriately with visible and future benefits, the master, whose sovereignty is exceedingly present in the five masteries beginning with the mastery of rising, that lord of sages, indeed has gone to Nibbana, the cessation of aggregates. "Hi" is just so, all conditioned things are not permanent. This, accompanied by the word "hi," is a universal establishment of meaning, due to its universality in impermanence. The sentence is: "He has mastery." Hi-less specific meaning 242. The Conqueror from the wilderness of samsara, leads beings to Nibbana; Surely this path is fitting, for those endowed with fearlessness. 242. "Jino" etc. The Conqueror, samsara itself is a wilderness, difficult to traverse, from that, he leads beings, the entire world, to Nibbana. "Nanu" is for certainty or approval. The going, called the attainment of extinction, is a process; one who is without fear is called Visārada, the state of that is fearlessness, confidence, and those endowed with it are suitable. Suitable means appropriate. This is a specific meaning without the word "hi," an illustration of a different meaning, because only those endowed with confidence are like that, not all-pervasive. 242. "Jino" etc. The Victor leads people, the world of beings, from the wilderness of samsara to extinction, that going, that process, is suitable for the Tathagatas endowed with confidence, possessed of the four qualities of confidence, is it not? This leading of people to Nirvana is unique to those endowed with confidence, therefore it is a specific meaning without the word "hi," an illustration of a different meaning. The sentences "one who is without fear," "whose state is that," and "endowed with it" are all present. "Is it not?" functions as an affirmation or agreement. The meaning of both should be understood in the manner described. Specific meaning with "Hi" 243. Your lips, so red, O Victor, delight the mind; For those imbued with passion themselves, delight others in association. 243. "Suratta" etc. O Victor, your lips, so red, like the color of a bimba fruit, delight the minds of whoever sees them. "Hi" is for emphasis, meaning "indeed." Those themselves imbued with a red color or passion, delight others in association, making others red or passionate, with a double meaning, it is effective. This is a specific meaning with the word "hi," an illustration of a different meaning, because such a state is only possible for those of such a nature. 243. "Suratta" etc. O Victor, your lips, so red, the pair of lips, delight the minds, the serene minds, of those who see them. "Hi" is just so, those themselves imbued with a red color or passion, delight others in association, making others red or passionate. This is their very nature. This is unique to those of such a kind, therefore it is a specific meaning with "hi." It is an explanation with a different meaning and connection. Because the lip is similar to a container, it is a container, and because it is surrounded by passion, it is connected. 244. In what is expressed, and what is implied, the similarity of things; the distinction; this difference is fourfold, one or both. 244. He states the variations of difference with "vācce" etc. When some things, things that are desired to be said, are similar, when things are somehow alike, expressed by a word, by a verbal expression, or implied, not expressed by a word, known by the strength of all, by context etc., not only expressed by a word. The distinction, the statement of the differences of those same things, is difference, separating, making distinct. This difference too, by way of one or both, one difference, both differences, is fourfold, specifically, by the distinction of what is expressed and what is implied. 244. Now he shows the difference with "vācce" etc. When some things, some meanings of words that are desired to be said, are similar, when they are alike in some way, to be expressed by a word, by a verbal expression, or again, when in that same similarity, it is implied by the power of the meaning, the statement of the differences of those same things is called difference. This difference too, by way of one or both, though undifferentiated by the common characteristic of separating, is fourfold, specifically, for each of the two, what is expressed and what is implied, one difference, both differences. The state of being similar, the statement of distinction by way of difference, separating, making distinct, one and both, their distinction, the specification, is the explanation. Difference in what is expressed, one 245. In depth, greatness, etc.