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thus should a sage wander in a village, patience is the highest austerity, endurance, I will not be ashamed, well proclaimed, I am who I am. From craving arises sorrow, from craving arises fear. Able, upright, and very upright, non-harming, hard to guard, hard to delight, hard to bear. Whatever is sacrificed or offered in the world, or among disciples, those persons who see the Dhamma, he is called a "Bhovādī" (one who addresses with 'Bho'). As he is, so is he by virtue. Just as this, well-proclaimed, the effort, the destruction of craving, I am one who has gained jhāna, a grave offense is here. 33. Long and Short Vowels in Consonants Sometimes long and short vowels become short and long in consonants. Therein delight, therein this, recollection of the Buddha, meaningful, and his perception, then I, whatever beings are here, I go, past, like a woodpecker, very helpful, honey-water, well-considered, with a method, now I, if this, of little learning, by this and that, faith is wealth here, kamma as support, likewise, delighting in the night, calming, of the world, O devas, they pass away, they spend time, even a robe, even for the sake of life, like lightning, what wealth is here? Good! Those are abandoned by him, his, the fool thinks it is honey, thus a sage should wander in the village, patience is the highest austerity, endurance, I will not be ashamed, well-proclaimed, who I am, I am, from craving arises sorrow, from craving arises fear, able, upright, and very upright, non-harming, hard to guard, hard to delight, hard to bear. Whatever is sacrificed or offered in the world, or among disciples, those persons who see the Dhamma, he is called a "Bhovādī" (one who addresses with 'Bho'). As he is, so is he by virtue. Just as this, well-proclaimed, the effort, the destruction of craving, I am one who has gained jhāna, I am in control, a grave offense. What is "sometimes"? Today, his, "it retreats" is a prohibition of lengthening. May this not be, of those liberated by mind, in due order, beyond protection, it is given, "it is heard" is a prohibition of shortening. How "whatever in the sky"? By division of the rule "long and short" (long and short sandhi). "In consonants" continues. 34. Two from a Vowel Sometimes two forms of a consonant occur after a vowel. Here, the reduplication of repetition is a reduplication in place. "Acananti" should be understood as a dual word in two places. And these are for the initial consonants of pa, pati, paṭi, kama, kusa, kudha, kī, gaha, juta, ñā, si, su, sū, sambhū, sara, sasa, and so on. Here, heedlessness = here, heedlessness, thus heedfulness, separated, very serene, right effort = right effort, with shortening. Unconquerable, dominant condition, well-established. Unequalled person, remorse, good practice. Going forth, retreat, causal sequence, comes to = steps on/over, thus goes forth, in due order. Abuses, retorts, pities, abuses = abuses. Unangered, very angry. Bought with money, sale, pity. Support, strife, favor, lunar eclipse, grasping at views. Lamp, flash of lightning, illumination. Grateful, wise, wisdom, consciousness, ignorance. Reliance, support, accumulation. Little learned, famous, much learned. Influxes = influxes. Calming down, trusting. Loud-voiced, forgets, remembers, mindfulness. Breathing out, trusting, breathing repeatedly, in-breath = breath. And by "etcetera": not letting go, letting go, more excellent, abandoning, danger, defilement, harming friends, income and expenditure, pulled out, and so on. And for the initial consonant of Tika, Taya, Tiṃsa, Vata, and so on. Triad of wholesome things, triad of joy, triad of causes. Three worlds, three enlightenments, three objects. Thirty-one, thirty-two, thirty-three, thirty-four. Moral practices and vows, of good vows. With joy, endowed with, again and again, and so on. At the end of Vatu, Vaṭa, Disa, and so on, for example: turns, is proper, seeing, touch, and so on. And for the following (consonants) after the prefixes U, Du, Ni, and after Ta, Catu, Cha, Santa, and other words. Exaltation = exaltation, thus difficult to do, without doubt, risen up, bad conduct, without entanglement, abandoning, excellent part, rises up, difficult to do, fearless, elevated, of poor wisdom, stainless, exerting, hard to obtain, produced, enthusiasm, worthless. Doing that, born of that, inclined to that, originating from that, consisting of that, a group of four, four. Direction, four-footed, four-fold, four-gabled, six-wheeled, ninety-six, six-footed, six years. Honour, good quality, self-evident, good person, very strong. From a long vowel without 'ā' and from 'ya', goes forth, is heard, overcomes, investigates, disciplines, should be borne, should be led, better, to be conquered, grammarian. What is meant by "without 'ā'"? Of the garland, of the swing, having taken up. In preserving the metre, does not abandon the old strength of the syllable, better among the upright, they go to a good destination. What is meant by "from 'sa'"? Justice, that moment. Sometimes, group, origin, dwelling, thence, sixty-six, is brought near, is heard. 35. The third and first for the fourth and second When the fourth and second consonants follow, the fourth and second consonants of that class become the third and first respectively, by proximity. In the classes, gha, jha, ḍha, dha, bhā are fourth, kha, cha, ṭha, tha, phā are second, ga, ja, ḍa, da, bā are third, ka, ca, ṭa, ta, pā are first. When ghā, etc., follow pa, u, du, ni, etc., and are doubled, they become third and first. Pagarati becomes paggharati, similarly uggharati, nigghoso, ugghāṭeti. This is the fruit of that meditation, the first meditation, covets, grumbles. Burnt, old. Destroys, destroyed, extraction, poor, shaken off. Confused, agitated, very agitated, famine, fearless, that state, by four. Faith, the true Dhamma. Great fear. If the second consonant of a class is doubled after a short vowel, it becomes the first. Five aggregates, similarly, the aggregate of form, incapable, frequently, non-distraction, birth-field, elemental disturbance, loss of life. White parasol, similarly, completely covered, covered, Bodhi tree shade, rose-apple tree shade, complete cutting off. Stood there becomes tatraṭṭhito, similarly, land-dwelling, water-dwelling, unstable, finished, four positions, worthy of respect, arisen. With all strength, the elder Yasa, spreads, expansion, praised, supported, lamenting. Claps, great fruit, ani fruit, expansion, might spread, honey-syrup. By its form, declared, thus the destruction of craving, sphere of command, aggregate of perception. Covered, thus cuts off, not remaining, spreads out, snaps. Sometimes indeed, a kind of cake, having cut off its skin etc., as it stands, the fruit of kamma, the virtue of that meditator, those wise ones devoted to meditation, destruction, great wealth. We did for you, he indeed will pass away, he going does not return, this is the meaning, this is the enjoyment, this now, thus here "ve" is used. 37. E, O, Na, Ma in a letter In the letters E, O, Na, sometimes A occurs. We did for him, we did for you, thus he indeed will pass away, he going does not return, this is the meaning, this is the enjoyment, this now. What does it describe? And he has unfailing speech, lord of the gandhabbas, the glorious great king, so it is said. Because it is said "sandhi and samāsa should not increase", sandhi does not occur in the middle of a verse, in the saying "of three kinds", even in the latter, the letter is not called "latter". Ata + yaṃ, tatha + yaṃ, mada + yaṃ, budha + yati, dhana + yaṃ, seva + yo, para + esanā, pokkharaṇa + yo, thus here – 48. T-group letters, Y, C-group, B, Ñ The letters of the T-group become C-group letters, B, Y, Ñ respectively when followed by 'y'. "Vaggalasehi te" is a previous form. Exceedingly, true, liquor, understands, grain, excellent, seeking, a lotus pond. Not asked about the egg-body, born blind, just as this, attained, internal, approached, having plunged into, divine. Sometimes indeed, by night. Saka + yate, ruca + yate, paca + yate, aṭa + yate, lupa + yate, kupa + yate, sala + yate, phala + yate, disa + yate, asa + yate, thus here "ye" is used in the two following (rules). 49. Vagga, La, Sa, Hi, Te Sometimes the 'y' following a vagga letter, 'l', or 's' becomes those vagga letters, 'l', or 's'. Is done, is liked, is cooked, is wandered, is cut off, is angered, is moved, fruit. they, are seen, are. Sometimes, what am I? He is confused, he is hidden, thus here – 50. Change of 'h' The change of 'h' occurs with 'y'. He is confused, he is hidden. Many ailments, thus here, in the case of 'ussavaka', it is said "change of 'h'". 51. 've' or 'vā' The change of 'h' occurs or not with 'v'. Many ailments. Or 'v', many ailments. 52. 'ṭaṭhaṇalā' for 'tathanarānaṃ' 'ṭaṭhaṇalā' occur for 'tathanarānaṃ' or not, in order. Dukkataṃ = dukkaṭaṃ, similarly sukaṭaṃ, patthaṭo, pataṭo, uddhaṭo, visaṭo. Commentary. Paṇidhānaṃ, paṇipāto, paṇāmo, paṇītaṃ, pariṇato, pariṇāmo, duṇṇayo, niṇṇayo, oṇato. Paripanno = palipanno, similarly palibodho, pallaṅkaṃ, taluno, mahāsālo, māluto, sukhumālo. (Consonant Sandhi). The eye arose, the eye hurts, previous birth, small and large, much good to be done, connected with that, from that nature, thus here, 've' is said, up to 'mayadā sare'. 38. Niggahīta The insertion of niggahīta occurs or not sometimes. By its power, it is an insertion, and it occurs only after a short vowel... because it follows short vowels. It goes clinging to the original place, it proceeds, thus it is an insertion. Cakkhuṃ udapādi, akkhiṃ rujati, purimaṃ jāti, aṇuṃ thūlāni, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ, taṃsampayuttā, taṃtaṃsabhāvato. By the word 'vā', 'cakkhu udapādi', etc. Avaṃsiro, yāvañcidaṃ, etc., always... due to the fixed option of the 'vā' rule, an option that operates in a rule according to a fixed characteristic is a fixed option. The word 'vā' indeed operates in two senses: